GATE 2027 Syllabus: Revised Syllabus Released, Subject-Wise Topics, Weightage and Robotics Paper

Basic English Grammar (Tenses, Articles, Adjectives, Prepositions), Word Groups, Instructions, Verbal Analogies and Word Relationships, Verbal Deduction, Reading Comprehension, Sentence Completion, Critical Reasoning

Data Interpretation, Numerical Computation, Numerical Estimation, Numerical Reasoning, Mensuration, Percentage and Ratio, Probability, Statistics, Number Systems, Permutation and Combination

Transformation of Shapes (Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Mirroring, Assembling and Disassembling), Paper Folding and Cutting, Patterns in 2D and 3D Figures, Volumes of Solids

Logic — Deduction and Induction, Analogy, Numerical Relations and Reasoning, Puzzles, Sequences and Series, Venn Diagrams, Clocks and Calendars

Matrix Algebra, Systems of Linear Equations (Gauss Elimination, Cramer’s Rule), Rank and Nullity, Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors, LU Decomposition, Quadratic Forms

Limits, Continuity, Differentiability, Mean Value Theorem, Taylor and Maclaurin Series, Partial Derivatives, Total Derivative, Maxima and Minima (including Lagrange Multipliers), Multiple Integrals, Fourier Series, Vector Calculus (Gradient, Divergence, Curl, Gauss, Stokes, and Green Theorems)

First-Order ODEs (Separable, Exact, Linear, Bernoulli), Higher-Order Linear ODEs with Constant Coefficients, Cauchy–Euler Equations, Partial Differential Equations (Laplace, Heat, and Wave Equations)

Analytic Functions, Cauchy–Riemann Equations, Complex Integration, Cauchy’s Theorem, Residue Theorem, Taylor and Laurent Series, Conformal Mappings

Random Variables, Discrete and Continuous Distributions (Binomial, Poisson, Normal, Exponential, Uniform), Conditional Probability, Bayes’ Theorem, Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation, Correlation and Regression, Hypothesis Testing

Numerical Solutions of ODE (Euler, Runge–Kutta Methods), Numerical Integration (Trapezoidal Rule, Simpson’s Rule), Root-Finding Methods (Bisection, Secant, Newton–Raphson), Interpolation (Newton’s Forward/Backward, Lagrange)

Propositional and First-Order Logic, Sets and Relations, Functions, Partial Orders and Lattices, Graphs (Connectivity, Matching, Colouring), Combinatorics (Counting, Recurrences, Generating Functions)

Boolean Algebra Minimization (Algebraic, Karnaugh Map, Tabular Methods), Combinational Circuits (Multiplexers, Decoders, Adders, Comparators), Sequential Circuits (Flip-Flops, Counters, Shift Registers), Number Systems and Representation

Machine Instructions and Addressing Modes, ALU and Data Path Design, Control Unit (Hardwired vs. Microprogrammed), Instruction Pipelining (Hazards, Forwarding), Memory Hierarchy (Cache Design and Performance, Main Memory, Secondary Storage), I/O Interface, Interrupts and DMA

C Programming, Recursion, Arrays, Stacks, Queues, Linked Lists (Singly, Doubly, Circular), Trees (Binary Tree, BST, AVL, B-Trees, Heaps), Graph Representations and Traversals (BFS, DFS), Hashing (Open Addressing, Chaining)

Asymptotic Complexity (Big-O, Omega, Theta), Searching and Sorting Algorithms, Divide and Conquer, Greedy Algorithms, Dynamic Programming, Graph Algorithms (Dijkstra, Bellman-Ford, Prim, Kruskal, Floyd-Warshall), String Matching, Complexity Classes (P, NP, NP-Hard, NP-Complete)

Regular Languages and Finite Automata (DFA, NFA, Minimization, Regular Expressions), Context-Free Grammars and Pushdown Automata, Turing Machines, Decidability, Halting Problem, Recursive and Recursively Enumerable Languages

Lexical Analysis (Regular Expressions, Tokenization), Parsing (LL, LR, SLR, LALR — First and Follow Sets), Syntax-Directed Translation, Semantic Analysis, Intermediate Code Generation, Code Optimization (Loop, Common Sub-expression), Register Allocation

Processes and Threads, CPU Scheduling (FCFS, SJF, Round Robin, Priority), Process Synchronization (Semaphores, Monitors, Critical Section), Deadlocks (Detection, Prevention, Avoidance — Banker’s Algorithm), Memory Management (Paging, Segmentation, Virtual Memory, TLB, Page Replacement Algorithms), File Systems, I/O Management

ER Model, Relational Model (Relational Algebra, Tuple Relational Calculus), SQL (DDL, DML, Joins, Aggregation, Nested Queries), Normalization (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF), Indexing (B+ Trees, Hashing), Transactions (ACID Properties, Concurrency Control — 2PL, Serializability, Recovery)

OSI and TCP/IP Models, LAN Technologies (Ethernet, 802.11), Routing Algorithms (Distance Vector, Link State, OSPF, BGP), TCP and UDP (Connection Management, Flow Control, Congestion Control), DNS, HTTP, SMTP, IP Addressing (Subnetting, CIDR, NAT), Network Security Basics

Network Graphs (Mesh and Node Analysis), KCL and KVL, Thevenin, Norton, Superposition, Maximum Power Transfer Theorems, Transient Response (RL, RC, RLC), Steady-State AC Analysis, Two-Port Networks (Z, Y, ABCD, H Parameters), Resonance, Passive Filters

Energy Bands and Carrier Statistics, p-n Junction Diodes (Ideal, Zener, Schottky, Varactor), BJT (Biasing, Small-Signal Models, h-parameters, Frequency Response), MOSFET (NMOS, PMOS, Enhancement and Depletion — Biasing, Small-Signal Models), Feedback Amplifiers

Op-Amp Circuits (Inverting, Non-Inverting, Summing, Integrators, Differentiators, Comparators, Schmitt Triggers), Oscillators (Colpitts, Hartley, RC Phase Shift, Crystal), Rectifiers and Voltage Regulators, Power Amplifiers (Class A, B, AB)

Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates, Combinational Circuits (Adders, Subtractors, Multiplexers, Decoders, Priority Encoders), Sequential Circuits (Latches, Flip-Flops, Shift Registers, Counters), Memory Devices (ROM, RAM), D/A and A/D Converters

Continuous and Discrete-Time Signals, LTI Systems, Convolution and Correlation, Fourier Series and Fourier Transform (CTFT, DTFT), Sampling Theorem and Aliasing, DFT and FFT, Z-Transform, Laplace Transform

Transfer Functions, Block Diagrams and Signal Flow Graphs (Mason’s Gain Formula), Transient and Steady-State Analysis, Routh–Hurwitz Stability Criterion, Root Locus, Bode Plots, Nyquist Criterion, PID Controllers, Compensators (Lead, Lag), State-Space Analysis

AM, FM, PM Modulation and Demodulation, Noise Analysis (SNR, Noise Figure), Digital Modulation Schemes (PCM, ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK, QAM), BER and Probability of Error, Information Theory (Entropy, Mutual Information, Channel Capacity, Shannon–Hartley Theorem), Source and Channel Coding

Maxwell’s Equations (Integral and Differential Forms), Electrostatics (Gauss’s Law, Poisson’s Equation), Magnetostatics, Plane Wave Propagation (Reflection, Transmission, Polarization), Transmission Lines (Impedance Matching, Smith Chart), Rectangular Waveguides, Antenna Fundamentals (Radiation Pattern, Directivity, Gain, Friis Equation)

Network Graph, KCL and KVL, Node and Mesh Analysis, Superposition, Thevenin, Norton, Maximum Power Transfer, Transient and Steady-State Analysis, Sinusoidal Steady State (Phasors, Power Factor), Resonance, Two-Port Networks, Filters

Coulomb’s Law, Gauss’s Law, Electric Field and Potential, Conductors and Dielectrics, Capacitance, Biot–Savart Law, Ampere’s Law, Faraday’s Law, Inductance, Maxwell’s Equations, Poynting Vector

Representation of Continuous and Discrete-Time Signals, LTI Systems, Fourier Series and Fourier Transform, Sampling Theorem, Laplace Transform (Transfer Functions), Z-Transform

Single-Phase and Three-Phase Transformers (Equivalent Circuit, Regulation, Losses, Testing), DC Machines (Generator, Motor — Characteristics, Speed Control, Starting), Three-Phase Induction Motors (Equivalent Circuit, Torque-Speed Characteristics, Starting and Speed Control Methods), Synchronous Machines (Generator and Motor Operation, Phasor Diagrams)

Transmission Line Parameters (R, L, C, G), Per Unit Analysis, Load Flow Methods (Gauss–Seidel, Newton–Raphson, Fast Decoupled), Fault Analysis (Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Faults, Sequence Networks), Stability Analysis (Swing Equation, Equal Area Criterion), Circuit Breakers, Protective Relays (Overcurrent, Distance, Differential), Power System Protection Schemes

Feedback Control Principles, Transfer Functions and Block Diagrams, Signal Flow Graphs, Routh–Hurwitz Stability Criterion, Root Locus, Bode Plot, Nyquist Criterion, PID Controllers, Lead and Lag Compensators, State-Space Representation, Controllability and Observability

Bridges and Potentiometers, Measurement of Voltage, Current, Power, Energy, Power Factor, Instrument Transformers, Digital Voltmeters and Multimeters, Cathode Ray Oscilloscope, Error Analysis

Characteristics and Operation of Diodes, BJT, JFET, MOSFET, Op-Amp Applications (Amplifiers, Integrators, Differentiators, Filters), Combinational and Sequential Logic Circuits, A/D and D/A Conversion

Characteristics of Semiconductor Switches (Diode, Thyristor, GTO, MOSFET, IGBT), Phase Controlled Rectifiers (Single and Three Phase), DC–DC Converters (Buck, Boost, Buck–Boost), Voltage Source and Current Source Inverters, AC Voltage Controllers, Cycloconverters, DC and AC Drives

Engineering Mechanics: Free Body Diagrams, Equations of Equilibrium, Trusses, Friction, Virtual Work, Kinematics and Dynamics of Particles and Rigid Bodies.
Strength of Materials: Stress and Strain, Thermal Stresses, Mohr’s Circle, Shear Force and Bending Moment Diagrams, Deflection of Beams, Torsion of Shafts, Columns and Buckling.
Theory of Machines: Kinematic Analysis of Mechanisms, Velocity and Acceleration Diagrams, Cams, Gears and Gear Trains, Governors, Gyroscopes, Free, Forced and Damped Vibration, Critical Speed of Shafts.
Machine Design: Design for Static and Dynamic Loading, Failure Theories (Von Mises, Tresca), Fatigue Failure Criteria, Bolted and Welded Joints, Shafts, Springs, Rolling and Sliding Contact Bearings.

Fluid Mechanics: Fluid Properties, Fluid Statics (Buoyancy, Manometry), Continuity Equation, Bernoulli’s Equation and Applications, Viscous Flows (Laminar and Turbulent), Boundary Layer Theory, Pipe Flow (Darcy–Weisbach Equation, Minor Losses), Turbomachinery (Pumps, Turbines).
Thermodynamics: Zeroth, First, Second, and Third Laws of Thermodynamics, Concepts of Irreversibility and Availability, Power Cycles (Rankine with Reheat and Regeneration, Otto, Diesel, Brayton), Refrigeration Cycles (Vapour Compression, Absorption).
Heat Transfer: Conduction (1D Steady and Transient, Fins), Convection (Forced and Natural Convection Correlations), Radiation (Stefan–Boltzmann Law, View Factors, Black and Grey Body Radiation, Radiation Shields).

Engineering Materials: Crystal Structure, Phase Diagrams (Iron-Carbon Diagram), Heat Treatment (Annealing, Quenching, Tempering), Mechanical Properties Testing.
Manufacturing Processes: Casting (Sand, Die, Investment), Forming (Forging, Rolling, Extrusion, Wire Drawing), Sheet Metal Operations (Bending, Deep Drawing, Blanking), Joining (Arc Welding, Resistance Welding, Brazing, Soldering).
Metal Cutting: Mechanics of Orthogonal Cutting, Tool Geometry, Tool Wear and Tool Life (Taylor’s Equation), Cutting Fluids, Lathe, Milling, Drilling, Grinding Machines.
Metrology: Limits, Fits and Tolerances, Linear and Angular Measurements, Comparators, Surface Roughness Measurement.
Industrial Engineering: Work Study and Method Study, PERT and CPM, Inventory Control (EOQ, Safety Stock, ABC Analysis), Queuing Theory Basics, Linear Programming (Simplex Method), Scheduling Algorithms.

Engineering Mechanics, Solid Mechanics (Stress, Strain, Thermal Stresses, Mohr’s Circle, Bending and Shear Stresses, Torsion, Deflection, Columns and Buckling), Structural Analysis (Statically Determinate and Indeterminate Structures, Trusses, Arches, Cables, Beams, Frames, Influence Lines, Matrix Stiffness Method), RCC Design (Limit State — Beams, Columns, Slabs, Footings, Retaining Walls), Steel Design (Tension and Compression Members, Beam-Columns, Connections)

Soil Formation and Classification, Index Properties (Atterberg Limits, Grain Size Distribution), Compaction, Permeability and Seepage (Flow Nets, Piping), Consolidation (Terzaghi’s Theory, Settlement Calculations), Shear Strength (Mohr–Coulomb Criterion, Triaxial and Direct Shear Tests), Bearing Capacity, Slope Stability Analysis, Earth Pressure (Rankine, Coulomb), Foundation Types (Shallow, Deep, Piles)

Fluid Mechanics (Continuity, Bernoulli, Momentum Equations), Hydraulics (Pipe Flow — Darcy–Weisbach Equation, Moody Diagram; Open Channel Flow — Specific Energy, Hydraulic Jump, Gradually Varied Flow Profiles), Hydrology (Rainfall–Runoff Analysis, Unit Hydrograph, Flood Frequency Analysis, Reservoir Routing), Irrigation Systems (Canal Design, Water Requirements of Crops)

Water Quality Parameters and Treatment (Coagulation, Sedimentation, Filtration, Disinfection), Sewage and Wastewater Treatment (Primary, Secondary — Activated Sludge, Trickling Filters, Anaerobic Digestion), Air Pollution (Sources, Standards, Control Devices), Municipal Solid Waste Management, Noise Pollution Fundamentals

Highway Engineering (Road Classification, Geometric Design — Alignment, Cross-Section, Sight Distances, Horizontal and Vertical Curves), Pavement Design (Flexible and Rigid Pavements, IRC Method), Traffic Engineering (Speed–Flow–Density Relationships, Traffic Volume Studies, Intersection Design, Traffic Signal Design)

Principles of Surveying, Chain and Compass Surveying, Plane Table Survey, Theodolite Traversing, Levelling (Differential, Reciprocal, Profile), Errors and Corrections, Contouring, Tacheometry, Remote Sensing Principles and GIS Fundamentals

Linear Algebra (Matrices, Rank, Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors, Systems of Linear Equations), Probability and Statistics, Calculus (Differential and Integral), Transform Methods

Kinematics and Dynamics of Robotic Systems (Forward and Inverse Kinematics, Jacobians, Trajectory Planning), Actuators (Electric Motors, Pneumatic and Hydraulic Actuators), Feedback Sensors and Signal Conditioning (Encoders, Resolvers, Accelerometers, Force/Torque Sensors), Embedded Robot Programming, Real-Time Control Architectures, Machine Vision and AI Applications in Robotics

Automation in Manufacturing (Fixed, Programmable, Flexible Automation), Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs — Ladder Diagrams, Programming), Automated Material Handling Systems (Conveyors, AGVs, Industrial Robots), Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (AS/RS), Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS)

Op-Amp Circuits and Applications, Microcontrollers and Microprocessors (Architecture, Programming, Interfacing), Power Electronics Basics (Converters, Inverters for Drives), Signal Processing (Sampling, Filtering, FFT), Feedback Control Systems (PID Design, Stability Analysis, State Feedback)

Stress and Strain, Bending and Torsion, Kinematic Pairs and Mechanism Analysis, Gear Trains and Velocity Ratios, Vibration Fundamentals (Natural Frequency, Resonance), Machine Design Principles (Joints, Fasteners, Bearings), CIM Integration with Mechanical Systems