GATE 2021 Textile Engineering and Fibre Science (TF) Syllabus, Preparation Tips and Books

GATE 2021 Textile Engineering Syllabus (TF)

Engineering Mathematics Syllabus

Engineering mathematics is a branch of applied mathematics concerning mathematical methods and techniques that are typically used in engineering and industry. It is also called Technomathematics. 

Important Topics of Verbal Ability

• Spelling, Grammar, Sentence Completion, Pair of related words, Synonyms, Antonyms, and Verbal Deductions. 

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GATE 2021 Syllabus Textile Engineering and Fibre Science

The syllabus of textile engineering is divided into 5 major sections. The weight of this section is 70% and candidates are advised to focus more on this section.

Section 1: Textile Fibers

• Classification of textile fibres; Essential requirements of fibre forming polymers; Gross and fine structures of natural fibres like cotton, wool, silk; Introduction to bastfibres; Properties and uses of natural and man-made
  fibres including carbon, aramid and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibres; Physical and chemical methods of fibre and blend identification and blend analysis.
• Molecular architecture, amorphous and crystalline phases, glass transition, plasticization, crystallization, melting, factors affecting Tg and Tm; Polymerization of nylon-6, nylon-66, poly (ethylene terephthalate), polyacrylonitrile and polypropylene; Melt spinning processes for PET, polyamide and polypropylene; Preparation of spinning dope; Principles of wet spinning, dry spinning, dry-jet-wet spinning and gel spinning; Spinning of acrylic, viscose and other regenerated cellulosic fibres such as polynosic and lyocell; Post spinning operations such as drawing, heat setting, tow-to-top conversion;Spin finish composition and applications; Different texturing methods.
• Methods of investigating fibre structure such as density, x-ray diffraction, birefringence, optical and electron microscopy such as SEM and TEM, I.R. spectroscopy, thermal methods such as DSC, DMA, TMA and TGA; Structure and morphology of man-made fibres; Mechanical properties of fibres; Moisture sorption of fibres; Fibre structure-property correlation.

Section 2: Yarn manufacture, Yarn structure, and Properties

• Principles of ginning; Principles of opening, cleaning and blending; Working principles of modern blowroom machines; Fundamentals of carding; Conventional vs. modern carding machine; Card setting; Card clothing; Periodic mass variation in card sliver; Card autoleveller; Principles of roller drawing; Roller arrangements in drafting systems; Periodic mass variation in drawn sliver; Drawframeautoleveller; Principles of cotton combing; Combing cycle and mechanisms; Recent developments in combing machine; Principles of drafting, twisting, and bobbin building in roving formation; Modern developments in roving machine; Principles of drafting, twisting and cop building in ring spinning; Causes of end breakages; Modern developments in ring spinning machine; Working principles of ring doubler and two-for-one twister; Relationship between single yarn twist and folded yarn twist; Principles of compact, rotor, air-jet, air-vortex, friction, core, wrap and twist-less spinning processes.
• Influence of fibre geometry, fibre configuration and fibre orientation in yarn; Fibre packing density of yarn; Yarn diameter; Yarn twist and its relation to yarn strength; Helical arrangement of fibres in yarns; Yarn contraction; Fibre migration in yarns; Stress-strain relation in yarn; Mass irregularity of yarn; Structure-property relationship in ring, compact, rotor, air-jet and friction spun yarns.

Section 3: Fabric manufacture, Structure, and Properties

• Principles of winding processes; Classification of winding methods; Patterning mechanism; Yarn clearers and tensioners; Different systems of yarn splicing; Warping objectives and classification; Different types of warping creels; Features of beam and sectional warping machines; Different sizing systems; Sizing of spun and filament yarns;Drawing-in process; Principles of pirn winding.
• Primary and secondary motions of loom; Shedding motion; Positive and negative shedding mechanisms; Type of sheds; Tappet, dobby and jacquard shedding; Weft insertion; Mechanics of weft insertion with shuttle; Shuttle picking and checking; Beat-up; Kinematics of sley; Loom timing diagram; Cam designing; Effect of sley setting and cam profile on fabric formation; Take-up and Let-off motions; Warp and weft stop motions; Warp protection; Weft replenishment; Principles of weft insertion systems of shuttle-less weaving machinessuch as projectile, rapier, water-jet and air-jet; Principles of functioning of multiphase and circular looms; Types of selvedges.
• Basic woven fabric constructions and their derivatives; Crepe, cord, terry, gauze, leno and double cloth constructions; Drawing and lifting plans.
• Fundamentals of weft knitting; Classification of weft knitting technologies; Weft knitted constructions such as plain, rib, interlock and purl; Different knit stitches such as loop, tuck and float.
• Principle of warp knitting; Classification of warp knitting technologies; Swinging and shogging motion of guide bar; Basic warp knit constructionsuch aspillar, tricot, atlas, inlay and nets. Fibre preparation processes for nonwovens; Web formation and bonding processes;Spun-bonding and melt- blowing technologies; Applications of nonwoven fabrics.
• Principles of braiding; Type of braids; Maypole braiding technology.
• Peirce’s equations for plain woven fabric geometry; Elasticamodel of plain-wovenfabric; Thickness, cover and maximum set of woven fabrics; Geometry of plain weft knitted loop; Munden’s constants andtightness factor for plain weft knitted fabrics; Geometry of tubular braids.

Section 4: Textile Testing

• Sampling techniques for fibres, yarns and fabrics; Sample size and sampling errors.
• Moisture in textiles; Fibre length, fineness, crimp, maturity and trash content; Tensile testing of fibres; High volume fibre testing.
• Linear density of sliver, roving and yarn; Twist and hairiness of yarn; Tensile testing of yarns; Evenness testing; Fault measurement and analysis of yarns.
• Fabric thickness, compressibility, stiffness, shear, drape, crease recovery, tear strength, bursting strength, pilling and abrasion resistance; Tensile testing of fabrics; Objective evaluation of low stress mechanical characteristics; Air permeability; Wetting and wicking; Water-vapour transmission through fabrics; Thermal resistance of fabrics.

Section 5: Chemical processing

• Impurities in natural fibre; Singeing; Chemistry and practice of preparatory processes for cotton; Preparatory processing of wool and silk; Mercerization of cotton; Preparatory processes for manmade fibres and their blends; Optical brightening agent.
• Classification of dyes; Dyeing of cotton, wool, silk, polyester, nylon and acrylic with appropriate classes of dyes;
• Dyeing of polyester/cotton and polyester/wool blends; Dyeing machines; Dyeing processes and machines for cotton knitted fabrics;Dye-fibre interaction;Introduction to thermodynamics and kinetics of dyeing; Brief idea about the relation between colour and chemical constitution; Beer-Lambert’s law;Kubelka-Munk theory and its application in colour measurement; Methods for determination of wash, light and rubbing fastness.
• Methods of printing such as roller printing and screen printing; Preparation of printing paste; Various types of thickeners; Printing auxiliaries; Direct styles of printing of (i) cotton with reactive dyes, (ii) wool, silk, nylon with acid and metal complex dyes, (iii) polyester with disperse dyes; Resist and discharge printing of cotton, silk and polyester; Pigment printing; Transfer printing of polyester; Inkjet printing; Printing faults.
• Mechanical finishing of cotton; Stiff, soft, wrinkle resistant, water repellent, flame retardant and enzyme (bio- polishing) finishing of cotton; Milling, decatizing and shrink resistant finishing of wool; Antistatic and soil release finishing; Heat setting of synthetic fabrics; Minimum application techniques.
• Pollution control and treatment of effluents.

Direct link to download GATE Textile Engineering and Fibre Sciences (TF) syllabus PDF 

Weightage of GATE Engineering Mathematics & General Aptitude Sections

Engineering Mathematics and General Aptitude Sample Questions

• Next Term in the series: 81, 54, 36, 21, ________?
• Clock Problem: At what time between 6 and 7 will the minute and hour hand of making an angle closest to 60 degrees?
• Direction and Distance Problem: X is 1Km northeast of Y. Y is 1Km southeast of Z. W is 1Km west of Z. P is south of W. Q is 1Km east of P. Calculate the distance between Q and X in Km?
• Sentence Completion: A person is suffering from Alzheimer's disease __________ short term memory loss?

Check GATE Paper Analysis 

Weightage of GATE Textile Engineering Section

Sample Questions from Textile Engineering and Fibre Science

Candidates can have a look at a few sample questions and the weightage of the topics based on previous years' papers.

• Sample Question 1: A filament yarn of 300 deniers is being spun at a take-up speed of 900 m/min. Let is assume the density of the melt as 1.2 g/cm3. What is the speed (cm3 /min) at the spinneret?
• Sample Question 2: The delivery rate of a roving machine is 20 m/min. Let us assume the flyer speed as 1000 rpm. The inner diameter of the flyer top as 1 cm and the diameter of roving as 2.5 mm. The slippage between the flyer top and roving as 50 %. What is the false twist (turns/m) in the roving above the flyer?
• Sample Question 3: Warp and weft yarns with diameters of 0.4 mm and 0.6 mm, respectively, are used to produce plain woven fabric with end spacing of 0.8 mm and pick spacing of 1.2 mm. Assuming the degree of flattening to be 0.8 in both warp and weft yarns, the approximate fabric cover would be ______________?

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GATE 2021 Syllabus of other Papers

From the information provided above, it can be concluded that GATE is a very important exam and with a good score, candidates can have a good future. If candidates follow the syllabus in combination with preparation tips then they can definitely score high. The strategy of candidates will also depend or vary based on their current preparation levels. But whatever be the case candidates should implement an effective preparation plan. 

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