GBSHSE Class X Syllabus 2027 is prescribed by the Goa Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education for the 2026–27 academic session. The syllabus covers five core subjects and is aligned with NCERT Class X textbooks. Students should download the official syllabus PDF from gbshse.gov.in and map their preparation to the official topic list.
- The GBSHSE Class X 2027 syllabus covers five subjects: Mathematics, Science, Social Science, English, and a Second Language.
- Each subject carries 100 marks total — 80 marks for theory and 20 marks for internal assessment or practical.
- The syllabus is aligned with NCERT Class X textbooks, which are the primary study resource.
- Mathematics spans seven units across Number Systems, Algebra, Geometry, Trigonometry, and Statistics.
- Science covers Physical Sciences and Life Sciences across 15 chapters from the NCERT textbook.
- The official GBSHSE Class X syllabus PDF is available at gbshse.gov.in.
- The Class X Board Examination 2027 is expected in March–April 2027.
Download the GBSHSE Class X Syllabus 2027 PDF and check the subject-wise chapter list on this page before starting your preparation.
| Download GBSHSE Class X Syllabus 2027 PDF |
GBSHSE Class X Syllabus 2027: Subject-wise PDF Download
The Goa Board publishes syllabus PDFs on its official website at the start of each academic year. Download subject-wise syllabi from the table below.
| Subject | GBSHSE Class X Syllabus PDF |
|---|---|
| Mathematics | GBSHSE Class X Mathematics Syllabus PDF |
| Science | GBSHSE Class X Science Syllabus PDF |
| Social Science | GBSHSE Class X Social Science Syllabus PDF |
| English | GBSHSE Class X English Syllabus PDF |
| Second Language (Konkani / Hindi / Marathi / Portuguese / Urdu) | GBSHSE Class X Second Language Syllabus PDF |
GBSHSE Class X Syllabus 2027: Overview
GBSHSE conducts the Class X Board Examination for all affiliated schools in Goa. The 2027 exam covers the 2026–27 academic session. The syllabus follows NCERT Class X textbooks as the primary curriculum reference.
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Conducting Body | Goa Board of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education (GBSHSE) |
| Class | Class X (Secondary School Certificate) |
| Academic Year | 2026–27 |
| Official Website | gbshse.gov.in |
| Total Core Subjects | 5 (Mathematics, Science, Social Science, English, Second Language) |
| Marks per Subject | 100 (80 Theory + 20 Internal Assessment / Practical) |
| Syllabus Basis | NCERT Class X curriculum |
| Mode of Examination | Offline (pen and paper) |
| Duration of Theory Paper | 3 hours per subject |
| Medium of Instruction | English / Konkani / Marathi |
GBSHSE Class X 2027: Important Dates
Upcoming events are listed first, followed by completed milestones. All dates are based on GBSHSE’s historical schedule and are subject to official confirmation at gbshse.gov.in.
| Event | Expected Date | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Practical Examinations | January–February 2027 | Upcoming |
| Theory Board Examinations | March–April 2027 | Upcoming |
| Result Declaration | May–June 2027 | Upcoming |
| Academic Session Begins / Syllabus Available | June 2026 | Over |
GBSHSE Class X Mathematics Syllabus 2027
The Mathematics syllabus spans seven units and 15 chapters. All chapters come from the NCERT Class X Mathematics textbook. Algebra and Geometry together carry over 43% of the theory marks — prioritise these units early in your preparation.
| Unit | Chapters Included | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| I – Number Systems | Real Numbers | Sub-topics of Unit I - Click Here Euclid’s Division Lemma; Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic; Irrational Numbers; Rational Numbers and Their Decimal Expansions |
| II – Algebra | Polynomials; Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables; Quadratic Equations; Arithmetic Progressions | Sub-topics of Unit II - Click Here Zeroes of a polynomial; relationship between zeroes and coefficients; graphical and algebraic methods for linear equations; quadratic formula; nature of roots (discriminant); nth term and sum of AP |
| III – Coordinate Geometry | Coordinate Geometry | Sub-topics of Unit III - Click Here Distance Formula; Section Formula (internal and external division); Area of a Triangle using coordinates |
| IV – Geometry | Triangles; Circles; Constructions | Sub-topics of Unit IV - Click Here Similarity of triangles; Basic Proportionality Theorem; Pythagoras Theorem; tangent to a circle; number of tangents from an external point; division of a line segment; construction of tangents to a circle |
| V – Trigonometry | Introduction to Trigonometry; Some Applications of Trigonometry | Sub-topics of Unit V - Click Here Trigonometric ratios; values of standard angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°); trigonometric identities; heights and distances (angle of elevation; angle of depression) |
| VI – Mensuration | Areas Related to Circles; Surface Areas and Volumes | Sub-topics of Unit VI - Click Here Area of sector and segment of a circle; surface area and volume of combinations of solids (cylinder, cone, sphere, hemisphere, cuboid); conversion of solid from one shape to another |
| VII – Statistics and Probability | Statistics; Probability | Sub-topics of Unit VII - Click Here Mean, Median, Mode of grouped data; cumulative frequency distribution; ogive curves; classical probability; complementary events |
GBSHSE Class X Mathematics Unit-wise Weightage
The table below shows approximate marks distribution across units for the 80-mark theory paper. These figures align with the standard NCERT-based board pattern.
| Unit | Marks (Out of 80) | Approx. Weightage (%) |
|---|---|---|
| I – Number Systems | 6 | 7.5% |
| II – Algebra | 20 | 25% |
| III – Coordinate Geometry | 6 | 7.5% |
| IV – Geometry | 15 | 18.75% |
| V – Trigonometry | 12 | 15% |
| VI – Mensuration | 10 | 12.5% |
| VII – Statistics and Probability | 11 | 13.75% |
| Total | 80 | 100% |
GBSHSE Class X Science Syllabus 2027
The Science syllabus covers Physical Sciences and Life Sciences. There are 15 chapters from the NCERT Class X Science textbook. Science also has a separate practical component in the GBSHSE Class X examination.
Physical Sciences
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Chemical Reactions and Equations | Sub-topics - Click Here Types of chemical reactions; balancing equations; combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, oxidation and reduction reactions |
| Acids, Bases and Salts | Sub-topics - Click Here Properties of acids and bases; neutralisation; pH scale; preparation and uses of common salts; water of crystallisation; washing soda and baking soda |
| Metals and Non-metals | Sub-topics - Click Here Physical and chemical properties; reactivity series; ionic bond formation; extraction of metals; corrosion and its prevention |
| Carbon and Its Compounds | Sub-topics - Click Here Covalent bonding; organic compounds; homologous series; nomenclature; functional groups; properties of ethanol and ethanoic acid; soaps and detergents |
| Light – Reflection and Refraction | Sub-topics - Click Here Laws of reflection; image formation by plane and spherical mirrors; mirror formula; laws of refraction; image formation by lenses; lens formula; magnification; power of a lens |
| Human Eye and the Colourful World | Sub-topics - Click Here Structure and functioning of the human eye; defects of vision (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia) and correction; atmospheric refraction; scattering of light; Tyndall effect |
| Electricity | Sub-topics - Click Here Electric current; Ohm’s Law; resistance; factors affecting resistance; resistors in series and parallel; heating effect of electric current; electric power |
| Magnetic Effects of Electric Current | Sub-topics - Click Here Magnetic field lines; force on a current-carrying conductor; Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule; electric motor; electromagnetic induction; Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule; electric generator; domestic electric circuits |
| Sources of Energy | Sub-topics - Click Here Conventional vs non-conventional energy sources; fossil fuels; solar energy; wind energy; hydropower; biomass; geothermal energy; nuclear energy; environmental impact of energy use |
Life Sciences
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Life Processes | Sub-topics - Click Here Nutrition (autotrophic and heterotrophic); respiration (aerobic and anaerobic); transportation in plants and humans; excretion in plants and animals |
| Control and Coordination | Sub-topics - Click Here Nervous system; reflex arc; human brain; voluntary and involuntary actions; plant hormones (auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, abscisic acid); animal hormones and endocrine glands |
| How Do Organisms Reproduce? | Sub-topics - Click Here Asexual reproduction (fission, budding, vegetative propagation); sexual reproduction in plants and animals; human reproductive system; reproductive health |
| Heredity and Evolution | Sub-topics - Click Here Mendel’s laws of inheritance; sex determination; acquired vs inherited traits; theory of evolution; natural selection; speciation; human evolution |
| Our Environment | Sub-topics - Click Here Ecosystem components; food chains and food webs; biodegradable and non-biodegradable substances; ozone layer depletion; waste management |
| Sustainable Management of Natural Resources | Sub-topics - Click Here Conservation of forests and wildlife; water harvesting methods; coal and petroleum conservation; the three R’s (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) |
GBSHSE Class X Social Science Syllabus 2027
Social Science covers four disciplines: History, Geography, Political Science, and Economics. All chapters come from the four NCERT Class X Social Science textbooks.
History – India and the Contemporary World II
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| The Rise of Nationalism in Europe | Nation-state concept; French Revolution; role of culture and language in nationalism; German and Italian unification |
| Nationalism in India | Non-Cooperation Movement; Civil Disobedience Movement; Dandi March; Quit India Movement; role of Gandhiji |
| The Making of a Global World | Pre-modern world trade; colonialism and the global economy; inter-war economy; Bretton Woods institutions |
| The Age of Industrialisation | Proto-industrialisation; factory system; textile industry in Britain and India; impact on labour |
| Print Culture and the Modern World | History of print technology; print in Europe and India; print and the reform movements |
Geography – Contemporary India II
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Resources and Development | Types of resources; land use in India; soil types; soil erosion and conservation |
| Forest and Wildlife Resources | Biodiversity; types of forests and wildlife; conservation; protected areas |
| Water Resources | Water scarcity; multi-purpose river projects; rainwater harvesting |
| Agriculture | Types of farming; cropping seasons (Kharif, Rabi, Zaid); major crops; agricultural reforms |
| Minerals and Energy Resources | Types of minerals; distribution and mining; conventional and non-conventional energy resources |
| Manufacturing Industries | Agro-based and mineral-based industries; industrial location factors; industrial pollution and control |
| Lifelines of National Economy | Roadways; railways; airways; waterways; pipelines; communication; international trade |
Political Science – Democratic Politics II
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Power Sharing | Belgium and Sri Lanka case studies; forms of power sharing in a democracy |
| Federalism | Features of federalism; Indian federalism; decentralisation in India |
| Democracy and Diversity | Social divisions; politics of social cleavages; outcomes of diversity |
| Gender, Religion and Caste | Gender and politics; communalism; caste and democratic politics |
| Political Parties | Functions of political parties; national and state parties; challenges facing parties |
| Outcomes of Democracy | Accountability; legitimacy; dignity; equality; economic outcomes of democracy |
Economics – Understanding Economic Development
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Development | Development goals; per capita income vs HDI; sustainability of development |
| Sectors of the Indian Economy | Primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors; organised vs unorganised sector; disguised unemployment |
| Money and Credit | Barter system; money and its functions; banking; credit; terms of credit; formal vs informal credit |
| Globalisation and the Indian Economy | Multinational companies; trade liberalisation; WTO; impact of globalisation on Indian industries |
| Consumer Rights | Consumer awareness; Consumer Protection Act 1986; consumer forums; standardisation marks (ISI, Agmark) |
GBSHSE Class X English Syllabus 2027
The English syllabus covers Literature, Writing, Grammar, and Reading Comprehension. Prescribed textbooks are First Flight (main reader) and Footprints Without Feet (supplementary reader).
| Component | Topics / Prescribed Texts |
|---|---|
| Reading Comprehension | Unseen factual, descriptive, and literary passages; note-making and summarising |
| Writing Skills | Sub-topics - Click Here Formal and informal letters; essays and articles; report writing; speech writing; notice writing; paragraph writing based on verbal and visual cues |
| Grammar | Sub-topics - Click Here Tenses; modals; determiners; subject-verb concord; reported speech; active and passive voice; clauses; gap filling; editing and omission exercises |
| Literature – First Flight (Prose) | Prose chapters - Click Here A Letter to God; Nelson Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom; Two Stories About Flying; From the Diary of Anne Frank; The Hundred Dresses (Parts I and II); Glimpses of India; Mijbil the Otter; Madam Rides the Bus; The Sermon at Benares; The Proposal |
| Literature – First Flight (Poetry) | Poetry chapters - Click Here Dust of Snow; Fire and Ice; A Tiger in the Zoo; How to Tell Wild Animals; The Ball Poem; Amanda; Animals; The Trees; Fog; The Tale of Custard the Dragon; For Anne Gregory |
| Literature – Footprints Without Feet | Supplementary reader chapters - Click Here A Triumph of Surgery; The Thief’s Story; The Midnight Visitor; A Question of Trust; Footprints Without Feet; The Making of a Scientist; The Necklace; The Hack Driver; Bholi; The Book That Saved the Earth |
GBSHSE Class X Second Language Syllabus 2027
You must choose one Second Language from five options. Each language syllabus includes prose, poetry, grammar, and writing components. Download your specific language’s syllabus PDF from gbshse.gov.in for the exact prescribed text list.
| Language Option | Syllabus Components |
|---|---|
| Konkani | Prescribed prose and poetry texts; grammar (sandhi, samas, alankar); letter writing; essay writing; comprehension |
| Hindi | Kshitij (prose and poetry); Kritika (supplementary reader); grammar; writing skills (letter, essay, composition) |
| Marathi | Prescribed prose and poetry texts; grammar (alankar, samas, viram chinh); essay and letter writing |
| Portuguese | Prose comprehension; grammar; composition; Goa-specific Portuguese curriculum texts |
| Urdu | Prose and poetry from Nawa-e-Urdu; grammar; letter writing; composition |
GBSHSE Class X Exam Pattern 2027
Each subject follows an 80+20 marks pattern. The theory paper carries 80 marks. Internal assessment or practical carries the remaining 20 marks. Every theory paper is three hours long.
| Subject | Theory Marks | Internal / Practical | Total | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mathematics | 80 | 20 (Internal Assessment) | 100 | 3 hours |
| Science | 80 | 20 (Practical Examination) | 100 | 3 hours (theory) + separate practical session |
| Social Science | 80 | 20 (Internal Assessment) | 100 | 3 hours |
| English | 80 | 20 (Internal Assessment) | 100 | 3 hours |
| Second Language | 80 | 20 (Internal Assessment) | 100 | 3 hours |
Note: Verify the exact internal assessment and practical marks breakdown in the official GBSHSE information bulletin at gbshse.gov.in.
Best Books for GBSHSE Class X 2027
NCERT textbooks are the primary resource for every subject. The Goa Board prescribes NCERT books directly. Use reference books for additional practice after finishing NCERT exercises.
| Subject | Book Name | Author / Publisher | Why This Book |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mathematics | NCERT Mathematics Class X | NCERT | Primary reference; almost all board questions derive from NCERT exercises and examples |
| Mathematics | Mathematics for Class X | R.D. Sharma / Dhanpat Rai | Extended practice problems per unit; useful for Algebra and Geometry depth |
| Science | NCERT Science Class X | NCERT | Primary reference for all Physical and Life Science chapters |
| Science | Science for Class X (Part I & Part II) | Lakhmir Singh & Manjit Kaur / S. Chand | Detailed chapter-wise explanations with solved examples and practical guidance |
| Social Science | NCERT Social Science Class X (History, Geography, Political Science, Economics) | NCERT | All four books are directly tested — no other reference needed for theory |
| English | First Flight & Footprints Without Feet | NCERT | Prescribed literature texts — mandatory reading for all literature questions |
| English | High School English Grammar and Composition | Wren & Martin / S. Chand | Strong grammar practice for editing, gap filling, and reported speech sections |
How to Download GBSHSE Class X Syllabus 2027 PDF
Follow these steps to download the official GBSHSE Class X syllabus PDF from the Goa Board’s website.
- Visit the official website at gbshse.gov.in.
- Look for the "Syllabus" or "Downloads" link in the top navigation menu.
- Select Secondary (Class X) from the available category options.
- Click on the subject-wise syllabus link — a PDF will open in a new browser tab.
- Press Ctrl + S (Windows) or Cmd + S (Mac) to save the PDF to your device.
- Alternatively, use the download icon in your PDF viewer to save the file locally.
Note: If the 2026–27 syllabus page is not yet separately updated, check the Downloads section at gbshse.gov.in periodically for the latest upload.
GBSHSE Class X Preparation Tips 2027
Use these subject-wise tips to build a systematic study plan for the GBSHSE Class X 2027 examination.
Mathematics
- Algebra and Geometry together carry over 43% of theory marks — cover these units first.
- Solve all NCERT exercises and examples before moving to any reference book.
- Practice two previous year GBSHSE question papers to understand the question format.
- Statistics and Probability are formula-based — revise these in the final weeks for quick scoring.
- Revise all geometric construction steps before the board exam date.
Science
- Cover Electricity, Chemical Reactions, and Heredity and Evolution early — these carry the most marks in board papers.
- Learn all laws, definitions, and diagrams clearly — correct labelled diagrams earn full marks.
- Practise practical procedures and observations separately from theory revision.
- Solve Electricity and Light (Optics) numerical problems daily with fresh problem sets.
- Use NCERT in-text questions and chapter exercises as a daily chapter-completion checklist.
Social Science
- Make chapter-wise notes with key terms, dates, and names for History and Political Science.
- Draw and label all maps required in Geography — map work carries dedicated marks in board exams.
- Revise Economics chapters using flowcharts for credit, sectors, and globalisation concepts.
- Practice long-answer questions from previous year papers for all four Social Science disciplines.
English
- Read all prescribed prose and poetry from First Flight and Footprints Without Feet at least twice.
- Practice grammar exercises daily — editing, omission, and reported speech carry significant marks.
- Write one formal letter and one essay every week to build writing speed and structure.
- For reading comprehension, focus on identifying the main idea and inferring meaning from context.
Second Language
- Read all prescribed prose and poetry texts at least twice before starting revision.
- Focus on grammar rules and writing formats specific to your chosen language.
- Practice essays and letters in the second language — this section is frequently underscored.
GBSHSE Class X Syllabus 2027 FAQs
Ques. Is the GBSHSE Class X 2027 syllabus the same as last year?
Ans. Yes. The GBSHSE Class X syllabus is stable and follows the NCERT Class X curriculum. No major revisions have been announced for the 2026–27 session as of September 2026. Always check gbshse.gov.in for any official updates before finalising your study plan.
Ques. Which subject has the highest weightage in the GBSHSE Class X exam?
Ans. All five subjects carry equal total marks — 100 each. Within Mathematics, Algebra carries the highest unit-level weightage at 25% (20 out of 80 theory marks). In Science, Electricity, Chemical Reactions, and Heredity and Evolution are the heaviest chapters by question frequency.
Ques. Are NCERT textbooks enough for GBSHSE Class X preparation?
Ans. Yes. NCERT textbooks are the primary reference for all five core subjects. The Goa Board prescribes the NCERT curriculum directly. Reference books are useful for extra practice but are not mandatory to score well in the board examination.
Ques. Where can I download the official GBSHSE Class X 2027 syllabus PDF?
Ans. Download the official GBSHSE Class X syllabus PDF from gbshse.gov.in. Go to the Downloads or Syllabus section and select Class X or Secondary. Subject-wise PDFs are available on the same page.
Ques. Which are the most important chapters in Mathematics for GBSHSE Class X?
Ans. Algebra (Quadratic Equations, Arithmetic Progressions, Pair of Linear Equations) and Geometry (Triangles, Circles) are the highest-weightage units. Together they account for approximately 43% of the 80-mark theory paper. Trigonometry (15%) and Statistics (13.75%) are the next priority areas.
Ques. Has the GBSHSE Class X syllabus been revised for 2027?
Ans. No major revision has been confirmed for the 2026–27 academic session. The syllabus continues to follow the NCERT Class X framework without deletions or new additions. Verify at gbshse.gov.in before finalising your chapter list.
Ques. How many subjects are there in GBSHSE Class X?
Ans. GBSHSE Class X students study five core subjects: Mathematics, Science, Social Science, English, and one Second Language. The Second Language options are Konkani, Hindi, Marathi, Portuguese, and Urdu. You select one language based on your medium and school availability.
Ques. Is there a practical examination in GBSHSE Class X?
Ans. Yes. Science has a separate practical examination worth 20 marks. Practical exams are typically conducted in January–February 2027, before the theory examinations begin. Internal assessment carries 20 marks for all other subjects.
Ques. What books should I follow for Science in GBSHSE Class X?
Ans. Start with NCERT Science Class X — it is the primary reference for the board exam. Lakhmir Singh and Manjit Kaur’s Science (Parts I and II) is a strong supplementary resource for detailed explanations and practical preparation. Do not skip NCERT in-text questions and chapter exercises.
Ques. When are the GBSHSE Class X 2027 theory exams expected?
Ans. GBSHSE Class X theory exams are expected in March–April 2027, based on the board’s historical schedule. The official timetable is published on gbshse.gov.in several weeks before the examinations. Practical exams are expected in January–February 2027.
Ques. What is the passing mark for GBSHSE Class X?
Ans. Students must score at least 33% in each subject (theory and overall combined) to pass the GBSHSE Class X examination. A minimum of 33 out of 100 marks per subject is required. Verify the exact passing criteria in the official GBSHSE notification at gbshse.gov.in.
Ques. How should I cover the full GBSHSE Class X syllabus in time?
Ans. Divide preparation into three phases. In Phase 1 (up to November), complete all NCERT chapters for every subject in sequence. In Phase 2 (December–January), revise each subject and attempt previous year question papers. In Phase 3 (February onwards), focus on weak chapters and take full-length timed mock tests before practical and theory exams begin.
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
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