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Key Highlights
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The Constituent Assembly, under the presidency of Dr. Rajendra Prasad and B.R. Ambedkar as the Chairman of the Drafting Committee, started framing the Constitution on 9th December 1946, and after two years, eleven months, and seventeen days on 26th November 1949, the Indian Constitution was passed and adopted, and in the next year on 26th January 1950 it was enacted. It became the largest written Constitution in the world, consisting of 395 articles, 22 parts, and 8 schedules.
The Indian Constitution originally consisted of 22 parts and 395 articles. Throughout the years, it has been amended 106 times; thus, thus currently, it has 25 parts and contains 448 articles. The 25 Parts of the Indian Constitution are discussed below:
25 Parts of the Indian Constitution
| Part | Subject | Article |
|---|---|---|
| Part I | India is a Union of States and specifies provisions for admitting new states and altering existing ones. | Art. 1 to 4 |
| Part II | Citizenship | Art. 5 to 11 |
| Part III | Fundamental Rights | Art. 12 to 35 |
| Part IV | Directive Principles (These are not enforceable rights, but guidelines for the government to promote social welfare and establish a just society.) | Art. 36 to 51 |
| Part IVA | Fundamental Duties | Art. 51A |
| Part V | The Union | Art. 52 to 151 |
| Part VI | The States | Art. 152 to 237 |
| Part VII | States in the B part of the First Schedule Repealed by Const. (7th Amendment) | Art. 238 |
| Part VIII | The Union Territories | Art. 239 to 242 |
| Part IX | The Panchayats ( A three-tier Panchayati Raj system for local governance in villages.) | Art. 243 to 243O |
| Part IXA | The Municipalities (Functioning of municipal bodies in urban areas.) | Art. 243P to 243ZG |
| Part IXB | Co-operative Societies | Art. 243H to 243ZT |
| Part X | The Scheduled and Tribal Areas | Art. 244 to 244A |
| Part XI | Relations Between the Union and the States | Art. 245 to 263 |
| Part XII | Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits | Art. 264 to 300A |
| Part XIII | Trade, Commerce, and Intercourse within the Territory of India | Art. 301 to 307 |
| Part XIV | Services under the Union and the States | Art. 308 to 323 |
| Part XIVA | Tribunals | Art. 323A to 323B |
| Part XV | Elections | Art. 324 to 329A |
| Part XVI | Special provisions related to certain classes | Art. 330 to 342 |
| Part XVII | Official Language | Art. 343 to 351 |
| Part XVIII | Emergency Provisions ( The Part contains provisions that enable the government to deal with extraordinary situations such as war, external aggression, armed rebellion, or failure of constitutional machinery in a state) | Art. 352 to 360 |
| Part XIX | Miscellaneous | Art. 361 to 367 |
| Part XX | Amendment of the Constitution | Art. 368 |
| Part XXI | Temporary, Transitional, and Special Provisions | Art. 369 to 392 |
| Part XXII | Short title, commencement, authoritative text in Hindi, and repeals | Art. 393 to 395 |
Frequently Asked Questions
Ques. Who wrote the 1st Constitution of India?
Ans. Prem Behari Narain Raizada was the calligrapher who wrote the Indian Constitution. Raizada handwrote 395 articles, 8 schedules, and a preamble in six months.
Ques. Who is the father of the Constitution?
Ans. Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar is considered to be the father of the Indian Constitution, he was the head of the Drafting Committee and had a significant role in framing the Constitution.
Ques. How many articles are in the Indian Constitution?
Ans. There are 448 articles, 25 parts, and 12 schedules in the Indian Constitution. Originally, the Indian Constitution consisted of 22 parts, 395 articles, and 8 schedules.
Ques. Are there 22 or 25 parts in the Indian Constitution?
Ans. The current constitution has 25 parts. The original Indian Constitution had 22 parts, 395 articles, and 8 schedules.
Ques. How many schedules are there in Indian Constitution 2024?
Ans. There are 12 schedules in the Indian Constitution. Previously, the number was 8 but after several amendments, the number was revised to 12.
Ques. When did the Indian Constitution come into force?
Ans. On 26th January 1950, The Indian Constitution was officially enacted. Although the Constitution was officially adopted on 26th November 1946, a few months before it came into force.
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