TNDGE SSLC Syllabus 2027: Subject-Wise Topics, Weightage and PDF Download

Short stories, essays, and biographical pieces from nine units of the Samacheer Kalvi Class 10 Tamil textbook. Topics include humanitarianism, environment, science, and Tamil culture. Comprehension and appreciation questions are asked.

Classical Sangam poetry, Thirukkural couplets, and modern Tamil poetry from all nine units. Students are expected to explain meaning, identify literary devices, and write appreciation notes.

Ezhuththu (Letters and phonology), Sol (Morphology and word types), Thodai (Sentence construction and types), Porul (Semantics), Yaappu (Prosody / metre), Ani (Figures of speech), Tamil idioms and proverbs.

Short stories and essays from the prescribed Class 10 English textbook. Comprehension passages and questions on theme, character, and inference are included. The supplementary reader forms a part of this section.

Poems from the prescribed textbook. Questions cover central idea, literary devices (simile, metaphor, alliteration), stanza-wise explanation, and appreciation notes.

Reported Speech, Conditional Sentences (Types 1, 2, 3), Active and Passive Voice, Question Tags, Conjunctions and Connectives, Modal Verbs, Articles, Prepositions, Tenses.

Ordered pairs, Cartesian product, Relations and their types (One-to-one, Many-to-one, One-to-many, Many-to-many), Functions and their types, Special functions (Identity, Constant, Modulus), Composition of functions, Inverse of a function.

Euclid’s Division Algorithm, Euclid’s Division Lemma, Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic (HCF and LCM), Modular Arithmetic, Sequences: Arithmetic Progression (AP) — nth term and sum, Geometric Progression (GP) — nth term and sum, Special series (sum of first n natural numbers, squares, cubes).

System of Linear Equations in two variables (graphical and algebraic methods), Polynomials — zeros, relationship between zeros and coefficients, Quadratic Equations — factorisation, completing the square, quadratic formula, nature of roots, Matrices — types of matrices, matrix operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication), solving simultaneous equations using matrices.

Similarity of triangles — Basic Proportionality Theorem (Thales’ Theorem) and its converse, Angle-Angle Similarity, SSS and SAS criteria, Areas of similar triangles, Pythagoras Theorem and its converse, Tangents to a circle — properties, number of tangents from an external point, Concyclic points.

Distance formula, Midpoint formula, Section formula (internal and external division), Area of triangle using coordinates, Collinearity of points, Slope of a line, Equations of a straight line (slope-intercept, point-slope, two-point, intercept forms), Angle between two lines, Distance of a point from a line.

Trigonometric ratios (sin, cos, tan, cosec, sec, cot), Reciprocal and quotient identities, Pythagorean identities, Trigonometric ratios for standard angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°), Complementary angle relationships, Heights and Distances — angle of elevation and angle of depression problems.

Surface area and volume of Cube, Cuboid, Cylinder, Cone, Sphere, Hemisphere, Frustum of a cone, Combined solids (combinations of two or more solids), Conversion of solids from one form to another.

Measures of Dispersion — Range, Mean Deviation, Variance, Standard Deviation for grouped and ungrouped data, Coefficient of Variation (CV), Probability — classical definition, theoretical probability, experimental probability, Addition theorem of probability, Independent events.

Newton’s three laws of motion, Inertia (types), Linear momentum, Conservation of linear momentum, Impulse and impulsive force, Friction (static, kinetic, rolling), Circular motion, Centripetal and centrifugal forces.

Reflection of light — laws, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, magnification; Refraction of light — laws, Snell’s law, refractive index, total internal reflection; Lenses — convex and concave, lens formula, power of lens; Human eye — defects (myopia, hypermetropia, presbyopia) and their corrections; Simple microscope, compound microscope, telescope.

Temperature and heat, Thermal expansion of solids (linear, area, volume), Anomalous expansion of water, Specific heat capacity, Latent heat (fusion and vaporisation), Calorimetry, Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, Ideal Gas Equation, Kinetic theory of gases.

Electric charge, Electric current, Potential difference, Ohm’s Law, Resistance — series and parallel combinations, Heating effect of electric current (Joule’s law), Electric power and energy, Domestic electric circuits, Fuses, MCBs.

Sound waves — longitudinal and transverse, Characteristics of sound (pitch, loudness, timbre), Speed of sound, Echo and reverberation, Applications of echo (SONAR, ultrasound), Hearing range of humans and animals.

Structure of nucleus, Isotopes, Isobars, Isotones, Radioactivity (alpha, beta, gamma radiations), Radioactive decay, Nuclear fission, Chain reaction, Nuclear reactor, Nuclear fusion, Applications of radioactivity, Radiation safety.

Döbereiner’s Triads, Newland’s Law of Octaves, Mendeleev’s Periodic Table, Modern Periodic Law, Long form of Periodic Table, Periods and groups, Periodic properties (atomic radius, ionisation energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, valency).

Ionic bond — formation and properties, Covalent bond — single, double, triple bonds, Lewis dot structure, Octet rule, Coordinate (Dative) bond, Properties of ionic and covalent compounds compared.

Arrhenius concept, Brønsted-Lowry concept, Properties of acids and bases, Indicators, pH scale, Neutralisation, Salt hydrolysis, pH of salts, Buffer solutions (concept level), Uses of acids, bases, and salts in daily life.

Combination reactions, Decomposition reactions (thermal, electrolytic, photochemical), Displacement reactions (single and double), Precipitation reactions, Oxidation and Reduction (redox reactions), Corrosion and rancidity.

Covalent nature of carbon, Tetravalency of carbon, Hydrocarbons — alkanes, alkenes, alkynes (IUPAC nomenclature), Functional groups (alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid), Ethanol and ethanoic acid — properties and uses, Soap and detergents — micelle formation.

Meristematic and permanent tissues, Root anatomy (dicot and monocot), Stem anatomy (dicot and monocot), Leaf anatomy, Photosynthesis — light and dark reactions, Transpiration and its significance, Transport in plants (xylem and phloem).

Blood — composition, blood groups, Rh factor; Structure and working of the heart; Blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries); Cardiac cycle, Blood pressure; Lymphatic system; Disorders of the circulatory system.

Structure of neuron, Nerve impulse transmission, Central Nervous System (brain and spinal cord), Peripheral Nervous System, Autonomic Nervous System, Reflex action and reflex arc, Sense organs.

Endocrine glands and hormones — Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Functions and effects of each hormone; Hormonal disorders (dwarfism, gigantism, diabetes); Phytohormones — auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, abscisic acid.

Asexual reproduction in plants (vegetative propagation, spore formation, budding, fragmentation); Sexual reproduction in plants — pollination, fertilisation, seed and fruit formation; Human reproductive system — male and female; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation and implantation.

Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance, Monohybrid and dihybrid cross, Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment, DNA — structure and replication, Genes and chromosomes, Sex determination in humans, Genetic disorders (Down syndrome, haemophilia, colour blindness).

Types of pollution (air, water, soil, noise), Causes and effects of each pollution type, Ozone layer depletion, Global warming and Greenhouse effect, Acid rain, Biodiversity — importance and threats, Wildlife conservation, Sustainable development, Solid waste management.