Questions from Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Election and Representation come up often in the CBSE Class 11 exam. These class 11 political-science handwritten notes chapter 3 Election and Representation follow the 2026-27 NCERT and cover elections and representative democracy, first past the post versus proportional representation, single transferable vote in the rajya sabha. This page hosts.
- CBSE Class 11 Weightage: a scoring chapter in the Political Science paper, asked in short and long answers.
- What the notes cover: elections and representative democracy, first past the post versus proportional representation, single transferable vote in the rajya sabha, why india adopted the fptp system.
- Best for: quick revision before Class 11 exams and a base for CUET later.
You can read the complete class 11 political-science handwritten notes for Election and Representation, with key terms, boxed definitions, and quick revision points, in the PDF below.
These handwritten notes are written by subject teachers, mapped to the 2026-27 NCERT, and checked against the last five years of CBSE Class 11 Political Science papers.
What the Election and Representation Handwritten Notes Cover
Elections turn the wishes of crores of people into a working government. This chapter explains how India chooses its representatives, why we use the First Past the Post method, and how reserved seats and an independent Election Commission keep the contest fair.
- Elections and representative democracy
- First Past the Post versus Proportional Representation
- Single Transferable Vote in the Rajya Sabha
- Why India adopted the FPTP system
- Reserved constituencies for SC and ST
- Universal adult franchise and the right to contest
- The Election Commission and electoral reforms
Election and Representation Topic-wise Weightage for CBSE Class 11 Political Science
Some parts of this chapter are asked more often than others. The table below shows which sub-topics to revise first, based on recent CBSE Class 11 question trends.
| Sub-topic | Weightage | CBSE Frequency |
|---|---|---|
| FPTP versus PR systems | High | asked most years |
| Election Commission functions | High | asked most years |
| Reserved constituencies and SC/ST | Medium | frequent |
| Why India chose FPTP | Medium | frequent |
| Universal adult franchise | Low | occasional |
Key Terms and Ideas in Election and Representation
These are the terms and ideas the exam asks about most. Learn each one so you can define it and use it in your answers.
| Term / Idea | What it means |
|---|---|
| FPTP | Highest votes in a constituency wins the single seat. |
| Proportional Representation | Seats given to a party in proportion to its votes. |
| STV | Single transferable vote used for the Rajya Sabha. |
| Reserved seats | 84 SC and 47 ST seats in the Lok Sabha. |
| Article 324 | Sets up the independent Election Commission of India. |
| Voting age | Lowered from 21 to 18 by the 1989 amendment. |
| Delimitation Commission | Draws boundaries and fixes reserved constituencies. |
| Women's Reservation Act | Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, 2023. |
How Collegedunia's Handwritten Notes Help You Revise Election and Representation
These notes are made for the night before the exam. They keep the facts short and easy to scan. Collegedunia maps every point to the 2026-27 NCERT.
- Clear handwriting: each topic is written in neat, easy-to-read handwriting.
- Boxed key terms: the main terms and definitions are boxed by hand for fast recall.
- Diagrams and tables: simple hand-drawn tables and charts make ideas clear.
- Colour-coded headings: new sub-topics stand out, so you find any section in seconds.
Election and Representation Self-Assessment Quiz
Try these quick questions after you read the notes. Tap each question to check your answer. They cover the points CBSE asks most often.
Which system does India use for the Lok Sabha?
(a) PR list (b) FPTP (c) STV (d) separate electorates
Answer: (b) FPTP - the highest vote getter in each constituency wins.
How many Lok Sabha seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes?
(a) 84 (b) 47 (c) 131 (d) 15
Answer: (b) 47 - while 84 seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes.
The Rajya Sabha is elected by which method?
(a) FPTP (b) direct vote (c) PR with STV (d) nomination
Answer: (c) PR with STV - MLAs rank candidates and votes transfer to reach a quota.
Which article sets up the Election Commission?
(a) 324 (b) 74 (c) 356 (d) 280
Answer: (a) 324 - it gives the Commission control of elections.
The voting age was lowered to 18 in which year?
(a) 1950 (b) 1989 (c) 1976 (d) 2003
Answer: (b) 1989 - an amendment reduced the age from 21 to 18.
How to Use These Handwritten Notes for Class 11 Political Science Revision
Use these class 11 political-science handwritten notes in two passes. Read them slowly once for the full chapter. Then, near the exam, read only the boxes and key terms for a fast recall.
- Read the notes once with the NCERT chapter open beside you.
- Say each key term and idea in your own words.
- Practise one long-answer question from a past paper.
- On the last day, revise only the key terms and the boxes.
Class 11 Political Science Handwritten Notes for All Chapters
The table below links the class 11 political-science handwritten notes for every chapter. Use it to jump to any other chapter's notes.
| Chapter | Resource |
|---|---|
| Chapter 1 | Constitution: Why and How Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 2 | Rights in the Indian Constitution Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 3 | Election and Representation Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 4 | Executive Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 5 | Legislature Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 6 | Judiciary Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 7 | Federalism Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 8 | Local Governments Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 9 | Constitution as a Living Document Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 10 | The Philosophy of the Constitution Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 11 | Political Theory: An Introduction Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 12 | Freedom Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 13 | Equality Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 14 | Social Justice Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 15 | Rights Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 16 | Citizenship Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 17 | Nationalism Handwritten Notes |
| Chapter 18 | Secularism Handwritten Notes |
Election and Representation Class 11 Political Science Handwritten Notes FAQs
Ques. Where can I download Election and Representation Class 11 Political Science Handwritten Notes PDF?
Ans. You can download the Election and Representation Class 11 Political Science Handwritten Notes PDF directly from this page. Both the Normal and HD versions are free.
Ques. Are these handwritten notes aligned with the 2026-27 NCERT?
Ans. Yes. These notes follow the current 2026-27 syllabus for Class 11 Political Science. Why did India choose FPTP over Proportional Representation?
Ques. How many pages is the Class 11 Political Science Election and Representation Handwritten Notes PDF?
Ans. The notes run about 20 pages. They cover the full chapter with key terms, hand-drawn boxes, and a short self-assessment quiz.
Ques. What is the main idea of the 11th standard Political Science chapter Election and Representation?
Ans. India chose FPTP mainly because it is simple to understand and gives clear majorities for stable government. It also links each constituency to one representative whom voters can hold accountable.
Ques. Are these Election and Representation notes enough for the CBSE Class 11 exam?
Ans. Yes, for revision. The Collegedunia handwritten notes cover every key point and exam term. Read them with the NCERT chapter and practise past questions.
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