Class 11 Physical Education Chapter 7 Safety and Security Notes

Safety and Security usually carries 10 to 12 marks in the Class 11 Health and Physical Education annual paper, and almost every mark is list work. These revision notes set out the ground, gymnasium and swimming pool checklists, the causes of sports injuries, the tobacco and substance abuse content and the full doping section, in the order the 2026-27 NCERT textbook prints them.

• Covers playground safety, injury prevention, substance abuse, common medicines and doping in one page.
• This chapter usually carries 10 to 12 marks in the Class 11 annual paper.
• Written according to the 2026-27 NCERT Health and Physical Education textbook for Class 11.

Every note on this page is curated by Class 11 Physical Education teachers, checked line by line against the 2026-27 NCERT print, and refined against the last five years of school question papers.

What the Class 11 Safety and Security Notes Cover

This chapter has three clear blocks. The first is safety on the sports field, in the gymnasium and at the swimming pool. The second is injury prevention. The third is health hazards, and it runs from tobacco and alcohol through common medicines to doping.

• Safety regarding sports facilities: the ground, the field, the instruments and the uniform.
• Gymnasium safety, listed as eleven causes of injury you can quote straight into an answer.
• Swimming pool safety, a fifteen-point checklist plus the staff a pool must have.
• Why sports injuries occur and the three levels of prevention: facilities, competition and technical.
• Alcohol, tobacco and substance abuse during adolescence, with symptoms, reasons and the myths and facts table.
• Common medicines, how to use them, and the precautions before taking any medicine.
• Doping: the concept, the IOC definition, the classification, the basic drugs, the harms and the two testing types.

Tip: examiners set most one-mark questions from the fixed lists in this chapter. Learn the counts first. Eleven gymnasium causes, six reasons injuries occur, two doping test types, two categories of doping substances.

Safety Measures in Playgrounds for Class 11 Students: Ground, Field and Instruments

The chapter starts with a simple argument. Coaches and athletes chase the winning spirit, so safety gets forgotten. Injuries during training then create a fearful emotional or psychological phobia. Simple safety rules stop that phobia before it starts.

These rules are to be observed by physical education teachers, sports trainers, coaches, school administrators and sports equipment manufacturers. Students in technical sports such as gymnastics, swimming and self-defence must also be taught to avoid injuries.

Sports Ground and Field

The ground section is about what the construction company must remove before play begins. The field section is about how the space is used on match day.

The textbook adds one environmental note in a Do You Know box. Because the land and forest ratio is falling, cutting or eliminating trees is not permissible, so trees near a play field are shifted, not felled.

Safety Regarding Sports Instruments

Modern sports use equipment that is performance friendly and adds technical support during movement. That makes the manufacturer part of the safety chain.

• Manufacturers must add the concept of safety to sportsperson as a priority while planning and organising equipment.
• The material used must be of high standard, because the sportsperson depends on it to perform skills.
• Players are advised never to use damaged equipment or instruments.
• Playing surfaces for different games should be constructed separately, as advised by the officials, federations or associations.

Safety Regarding Uniforms, Shoes and T-shirt Fabric

A uniform adds glamour, but poor fabric and unsuitable shoes cause pain. The chapter says preparation of a sportsperson for competition includes the selection of the type of shoe, and the fabric and colour of the T-shirt.

The four objectives of wearing properly manufactured shoes are a favourite four-mark question. They are comfortable feeling, proper ankle support, proper balance, and avoiding leg injury. For the T-shirt, India's weather variation makes a light coloured fabric that does not absorb sweat the better choice.

Safety and Security Chapter Explained in Video

Source: Magnet Brains on YouTube

Gymnasium Safety: Eleven Causes of Injury Every Class 11 Student Must List

The gymnasium is called an asset to the institute. Students use it to build the body, to rehabilitate after injury and to get into shape. The textbook then lists exactly eleven reasons an injury happens there, and the answer to the assessment question is simply that list.

1. Unsafe method of keeping equipment.
2. Lack of proper place for exercises.
3. Lack of a warm-up area.
4. Old equipment.
5. Unsafe fitting of electrical gadgets.
6. Uncleaned surface.
7. Slippery gymnasium surface.
8. Poor lighting conditions.
9. Poor sanitation and lack of water supply.
10. Not observing safety measures while lifting and keeping the weight barbells.
11. Lack of proper knowledge of using equipment.

Also Check: if the paper asks for five precautions instead of the full list, pick the five that are easiest to expand into a sentence each. Old equipment, slippery surface, poor lighting, unsafe electrical fittings and lifting barbells without knowledge.

Swimming Pool Safety Measures and the Fifteen-Point Checklist

A school with a pool has to run it with staff and with a routine. The chapter names the staff first, then gives fifteen steps for safe and hygienic pool conditions. The three ideas the examiner looks for are human power, water quality and cleanliness.

The staff a pool must have are instructors, assistant coaches, life guards, a gatekeeper and sweepers. Swimming activities are allowed only in the presence of life guards.

Two-mark questions on this section ask for any two measures. Pick separate pools for beginners and swimming only in the presence of life guards, because both are one line long and both are unmistakably from this chapter.

Why Sports Injuries Occur and How to Prevent Them Before Competition

The prevention section opens with the line the paper likes to quote, that prevention is better than cure. Many accidents during sports can be stopped with the right preventive measures. The chapter also notes that while building a play arena, the needs of differently abled students must be kept in mind.

Why do Sports Injuries Occur

The root cause given is a careless attitude of the player towards fitness and training. Six specific factors follow, and they are the safest opening to any injury prevention answer.

• Poor equipment, surface and floor.
• Lacking knowledge of the rules of the game.
• Lack of technical and tactical knowledge.
• Lack of fitness and conditioning.
• Not observing safety rules in technically difficult sports such as gymnastics, diving, judo and wrestling.
• Lifting heavy weights without helpers, which can cause a severe injury.

Prevention of Injury Related to Competition

Five measures are listed for the period just before a competition. Supervision by the coach and instructor sits above all of them.

1. Proper warming up before any game, because it enhances the body's reflex actions and reduces the chance of injury.
2. Proper safety gears and clothing adopted for the competition.
3. Players follow the rules and regulations of the competition.
4. All equipment checked thoroughly, and anything broken or in bad shape replaced or repaired.
5. Officials evaluate the playing arena before the start of the game.

Technical Measures for Prevention of Injuries

These five points are the ones the long answer on physical fitness as a tool for injury prevention is built from. The chapter's Do You Know box states that developing physical fitness may help a player prevent injuries up to 60 per cent in that particular game.

• Fitness and conditioning stop tiredness. A tired player has slower reaction and slower speed, and is most likely to get injured.
• In sports where the difficulty level of movement is high, players should practise the difficult technical movements before taking active part.
• Coaches and trainers guide students on safety rules at regular intervals and check that the measures are being followed.
• Proper nutrition avoids injuries caused by stress or overload training, and repairs and builds ruptured muscle fibres.
• The right shoe and sports uniform prevent bruises, blisters, broken nails, sprain, strain and shin pain.

Good physical fitness is also linked in the textbook to better reaction ability, better decision making ability and higher self-confidence. Add those three to the 60 per cent figure and the elaborate-type question is complete.

Alcohol, Tobacco and Substance Abuse During Adolescence Explained

Adolescence is called a vulnerable time in a person's life. Substance abuse hits the physical, social and emotional growth of an adolescent. Of all substances, alcohol and tobacco are the two most commonly misused, and tobacco here includes pan masala, gutkha, khaini, cigarette and beedi.

Two lines from this section are quoted almost every year. Children are exposed to these substances at home very early because they are easily available, and parents are role models, whether good or bad. Children of parents who misuse substances are at greater risk of addiction. With proper treatment and the support of loved ones, young people can overcome the habit.

Why Tobacco Use is Unhealthy

Tobacco is used in two forms. Smoking covers cigarettes, beedi and hookah. Smokeless covers pan masala with tobacco, gutkha and khaini. Most people believe beedi is safer than a cigarette, and the chapter says plainly that smoking beedi is equally dangerous.

• Nicotine in tobacco leaves is highly addictive and raises the blood pressure. The textbook notes it is used as an insecticide and pesticide in agriculture.
• There are about 4000 chemicals in cigarette smoke, and they cause different kinds of cancer.
• Carbon monoxide gas exhaled by the smoker is highly poisonous.
• Tar, produced by burning tobacco leaves, is similar to the coal tar used for building roads.
• Half of the users who start tobacco in their youth will lose their lives by middle age.

Smokeless Tobacco and Its Health Hazards

Pan masala contains supari, that is arecanut or betel nut, a traditional item used in many religious ceremonies. Most people believe it is only a mixture of areca nut cuttings, food flavours and sweeteners. The chapter corrects that belief.

• Pan masala is a specialised, ingenious mix of traditional items and chemical products developed to cause addiction.
• New formulations are introduced constantly to deliver higher highs to addicts.
• Continuous use of tobacco causes oral cancer. Research links pan masala, gutkha and khaini to oral cancer.
• Use by a pregnant mother is nearly as dangerous as drinking alcohol, and the unborn baby is harmed by the chemicals in gutkha and pan masala.
• Smoking causes different cancers, the most common being lung cancer. Products labelled low tar or additive free are still harmful.
• Substance misuse leads to dependence and addiction, makes a person angrier, volatile, depressed and tense, and damages thinking, memory and school work.

Effect of Tobacco Abuse Among Women

Young women are one of the biggest targets of the tobacco industry. Richly funded campaigns falsely link tobacco use with freedom and liberty, or beauty, slim figure and prestige. Misleading labels such as light and low tar do the rest.

Light smokers often inhale more deeply and more often to absorb the nicotine they want, so light does not mean safer. Women who smoke are more likely to face infertility and delays in conceiving. Smoking during pregnancy raises the risk of premature delivery, still birth and death, and smoking also raises the risk of cancer of the cervix.

Symptoms and Reasons for Alcohol Consumption and Substance Abuse in Adolescence

This section splits into two lists. One is what a family or teacher can observe. The other is why a teenager starts. Learn them as two separate blocks, because the paper asks for them separately.

Symptoms to Observe for Alcohol or Tobacco Abuse

• Feeling depressed, hopeless, rundown or even suicidal.
• Being selfish and not caring for others, and frequent absent-mindedness.
• Money or valuables disappear from home.
• Irritability, aggressiveness and violent behaviour.
• Declining grades, with homework and sports getting affected.
• A new friend circle, often not disclosed to the family.
• An urge to drink daily, and avoiding family and friends to spend time alone consuming alcohol or drugs.
• Taking risks, including rash driving and other risky behaviour.

Reasons and Adverse Effects

Many teenagers believe drinking wins them acceptance and admiration from peers, helps them fit into a friend circle, and shows they have grown up. Studies quoted in the chapter say peer pressure starts most cases. Others begin out of anger, as a way of rebelling against parents or society, or simply out of curiosity.

• Greater difficulty in focussing and paying attention.
• Poor school performance.
• Depression and anxiety.
• Unnatural deaths, for example motor vehicle accidents caused by drunken driving.
• A tendency to indulge in crimes such as stealing and fighting.
• Suicidal tendencies are much higher in adolescents who drink or misuse substances.

Myths and Facts About Substance Abuse Set as a Five-Mark Question

The textbook prints seven myth and fact pairs, and the assessment section asks you to write them down. Learn them as pairs. Writing the myth without the matching fact scores half.

Common Medicines: How to Use Them and What Precautions to Take

The chapter records a growing trend of taking medicine without a prescription, for cosmetics, weight loss or weight gain, bought over the counter. It is seen most among adolescents and younger people. The rule it gives is short. Take only what a doctor prescribes, and never decide your own medicine.

The precautions before taking any medicine make a neat three-mark answer. Follow the dosage and time intervals the doctor sets, follow instructions such as before or after meals, and take medicine with water rather than tea, milk or juice. When buying, check the prescription, the date of manufacture and the date of expiry on the label.

Doping in Sports: Concept, the IOC Definition and the Ben Johnson Case

Doping is not new. Athletes at the ancient Olympic Games took plant extracts to beat their competitors. Because of the unfair advantage and the risk of harm, most athletic governing bodies now publish a list of substances banned from national and international competition.

Doping is the use of performance enhancing drugs in sport. The International Olympics Committee defines it as the use of any method or substance that might harm the athlete, in a quest to gain an unfair advantage over his or her fellow competitors. Learn that definition word for word, because it is the standard opening line of the long answer.

• Drugs are banned because they give an unfair advantage, pose a health risk, or violate the spirit of sport.
• Training at altitude to raise the blood's ability to carry oxygen is allowed. Using a drug for the same result is prohibited.
• Ben Johnson won the 100 m sprint in 1988 in a world record time of 9.79 seconds, tested positive for steroids, and lost the gold medal and the record.
• The World Anti Doping Agency was created through a collective initiative led by the International Olympic Committee.

The chapter also lists six reasons athletes dope, and this is the other half of the long answer. They dope to enhance physical performance and avoid falling behind, to wind down and relax, to cope with the pressure and stress of constantly needing to win, to boost self-esteem and confidence, to mask the pain of injuries, to control and reduce weight, and to hide the use of other banned substances.

Classification of Doping and the Basic Doping Drugs Used in Sports

The classification question is worth two marks and has a two-line answer. The two principal categories of performance enhancing substances are dietary supplements and injectable supplements, meaning hormones and drugs.

• Dietary supplements are highly refined products that should not be confused with food. They may carry no positive nutritional value, which is why they are not called nutritional supplements.
• Hormones are produced inside the body and used to enhance performance. The most common is testosterone, which produces strength and stimulates skeletal muscle function at a higher energy level. Hormones stored and used this way are called ergogenic aids.
• A drug is a chemical substance that alters normal bodily function when absorbed. If a substance looks like a medicine, or is taken in a way food would not be taken, it may be classified as a drug.

EPO, or erythropoietin, is a peptide hormone produced naturally by the body. It is released from the kidneys and acts on the bone marrow to stimulate red blood cell production. That single sentence answers most short questions on blood doping.

Harms of Prohibited Substances and How Doping Control Testing Works

The harms list runs to nine points and covers every drug family in the chapter. The safest way to write it is one line per family, naming the family and then its damage.

1. Steroids interrupt normal hormone development and cause irreversible change: reduced sperm production, baldness, breast development in men, breast reduction and voice deepening in women, high blood pressure, heart attack risk, irritability and aggression.
2. Blood doping thickens the blood, so the heart strains to pump it, which leads to heart disease.
3. Narcotics are street drugs and shared needles pass disease. Overdose can kill. Withdrawal brings limited vision, reduced sex drive, menstrual problems, chronic constipation, mood swings and muscle twitches.
4. Lean mass builders such as anabolic steroids raise cholesterol dangerously and cause heart attack, hypertension, stroke, liver and kidney damage, jaundice, depression, aggression, mood swings, acne, reduced sperm count and impotence in men, and amenorrhea in women.
5. Beta-2 antagonists cause nausea, headaches, dizziness, muscle cramps and heart flutters. Human growth hormone is linked to liver problems, heart disease and irregular insulin processing.
6. Stimulants such as amphetamines raise heart rate, blood pressure and body temperature, and cause stroke, hypertension, agitation, anxiety and sudden cardiac death.
7. Relaxants such as alcohol and marijuana impair judgement, balance, coordination and memory, and cause hallucinations and drowsiness.
8. Diuretics cause dehydration, dizziness, cramps and kidney failure.
9. Masking drugs used to hide other banned substances cause severe allergic reactions, nausea and vomiting.

Testing closes the chapter. An athlete can be called for a test at any time, in or out of competition. Some sports test only the winning team or the top three, others test by random selection across all competitors.

The doping control procedure has two stated purposes: to plan for effective testing, and to maintain the integrity and identity of the samples from the moment the athlete is notified until the samples reach the laboratory. Players are selected either by a random draw conducted by the Doping Control Officer, witnessed by the team or its representatives.

Common Mistakes Students Make in the Safety and Security Chapter

In the same student poll, the doping drug side effects were the single biggest source of lost marks, ahead of both the swimming pool checklist and the myths and facts table.

Safety and Security Textbook Assessment Questions Answered

The chapter closes with five question types. Here is what each one tests and where the answer sits in these notes.

Multiple Choice and Match the Following, Solved

1. Medicine should be purchased as per the prescription of the doctor, and after observing the date of manufacture and the date of expiry. The correct option is (d), both (a) and (c).
2. Medicines should be consumed as advised by the doctor, option (a).
3. The surface used in modern times to play Kabaddi that helps prevent injury is the synthetic surface, option (a). Indoor synthetic surfaces are less vulnerable to injuries, and Kho-Kho is now played on them too.
4. Warming up prevents injury in all the listed ways, option (d). It enhances reaction ability, prepares the player for smooth movements, and prepares the athlete mentally and physically.

For the matching question, pair nicotine with insecticides, tar with making roads, tobacco use with severe effects on the lungs, and smoking with causing cancer.

How the Safety and Security Chapter Appears in the Class 11 Annual Paper

This chapter is list heavy, so it gives away marks quickly if the lists are learnt and loses them just as quickly if they are half remembered. The table below shows the shape most school papers follow.

Across the last five years of school papers, one long answer from the safety block and one from the doping or substance abuse block is the most common pairing. Prepare one from each half and you cover both.

How to Revise the Safety and Security Chapter in One Sitting

Students in the poll reported an average of 75 minutes for this chapter and its questions. Most of that time goes on the doping drugs, so split the sitting into three blocks and take the facility checklists first while you are fresh.

1. First 20 minutes: write the ground and field hazards, the shoe and T-shirt points, and the eleven gymnasium causes from memory. Check them against the tables above.
2. Next 25 minutes: do the swimming pool checklist, the six reasons injuries occur, the five competition measures and the five technical measures. Say the 60 per cent fitness figure out loud once.
3. Last 30 minutes: learn the tobacco facts with their numbers, the seven myth and fact pairs, the medicine rules, and the four doping drug families with side effects. Finish by writing the IOC definition of doping without looking.

Also Check: the night before the paper, revise only the numbers. 6 metres, 4000 chemicals, 60 per cent, 1988 and 9.79 seconds, 2001 and 2002, and one to four units of blood. Those carry most of the one-mark questions from this chapter.

Where the Safety and Security Chapter Connects to the Rest of the Class 11 Book

This chapter shares terms with three others in the Class 11 Health and Physical Education book, and questions sometimes cross between them. Revise them together and you save time on both.

NCERT Notes for All Class 11 Physical Education Chapters

The Class 11 Health and Physical Education book runs across eleven chapters. Each notes page follows the same shape as this one, with tables, a common mistakes block and a downloadable PDF.