The NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biotechnology Chapter 3 Gene Cloning cover all 17 exercise questions, according to the latest 2026-27 NCERT textbook. Each answer explains DNA isolation, restriction enzymes, recombinant screening, blotting, PCR and DNA libraries in simple exam language.

  • Question count: 17 solved NCERT exercise questions with MCQ answer checks.
  • Best for: board revision, viva preparation and quick gene cloning recap.
  • PDF includes: stepwise solutions, expert explanations and boxed final answers.

Class 12 Biotechnology Chapter 3 Gene Cloning NCERT Solutions overview

Student Feedback: Students revising Gene Cloning said the MCQs became easier after grouping lacZ, blotting, PCR and library questions by technique.

Class 12 Biotechnology Chapter 3 Gene Cloning Solutions PDF

Class 12 Biotechnology Chapter 3 Gene Cloning NCERT Solutions help students revise the complete cloning pathway. The chapter starts with candidate gene identification, then moves to DNA extraction, restriction enzymes, ligation, host transfer and screening.

Most students lose marks in this chapter when they mix up Southern, Northern and Western blotting. The PDF keeps those differences in one clean explanation.

How to Use These Gene Cloning NCERT Solutions

Start with the short answer questions on DNA isolation and enzymes. Then revise the MCQs on lacZ, blotting and restriction enzymes. Finish with PCR and DNA libraries because those answers connect many chapter ideas.

  • Use the boxed answer for last-minute recall.
  • Read the expert answer when you need the reasoning behind an MCQ.
  • Revise the comparison tables before school tests.

Gene Cloning Workflow for Class 12 Biotechnology

Gene cloning workflow from candidate gene to recombinant screening

Gene cloning follows a fixed order. First, the candidate gene is identified. Next, nucleic acid is isolated and cut with suitable enzymes. The insert is joined to a vector and transferred into a host. Finally, recombinants are screened.

StepWhat HappensWhy It Matters
IsolationDNA is released and purifiedGives clean nucleic acid for cloning
Restriction digestionDNA is cut at specific sequencesCreates controlled ends for ligation
LigationInsert joins with vector DNAForms recombinant DNA
TransferVector enters host cellHost copies or expresses the insert
ScreeningRecombinants are identifiedSeparates useful clones from others

Important MCQ Answers in Gene Cloning

The chapter has five direct MCQ-style items. The most important answers are: lacZ expression for blue-white selection, Western blot for protein detection, PstI source mismatch, 6.4 x 109 base pairs for diploid human genome and EcoRI as Type II.

In a small student feedback check, most students said these MCQs became easier after they grouped them by technique. Use the image below before solving the exercise again.

Blotting, PCR and Library Revision Map

Southern Northern Western blotting PCR and DNA library revision map

Southern blotting detects DNA, Northern blotting detects RNA and Western blotting detects proteins. PCR amplifies a target DNA segment by denaturation, annealing and extension. Genomic libraries represent the whole genome, while cDNA libraries represent expressed genes from a tissue.

Gene Cloning Video Revision

Source: NCERT Wallah on YouTube

Check All Gene Cloning Exercise Answers

The solved question cards below let students open the main solution and expert solution separately.

Related Class 12 Biotechnology Resources

ResourceUse it for
Gene Cloning NCERT Book PDFRead the official chapter before solving.
Gene Cloning NotesRevise definitions and processes quickly.
Gene Cloning Handwritten NotesUse for one-shot exam recap.

All Class 12 Biotechnology NCERT Solutions

ChapterNCERT Solutions
Chapter 1 An Overview of Recombinant DNA TechnologyOpen Chapter 1 Solutions
Chapter 2 Host-Vector SystemOpen Chapter 2 Solutions
Chapter 3 Gene CloningOpen Chapter 3 Solutions

Gene Cloning Biotechnology NCERT Solutions FAQs

Ques. What is covered in Class 12 Biotechnology Chapter 3 Gene Cloning NCERT Solutions?

Ans. The solutions cover DNA isolation, restriction enzymes, DNA transfer, recombinant screening, blotting, PCR, genomic libraries and cDNA libraries.

Ques. Which blot detects proteins in Gene Cloning?

Ans. Western blotting detects specific proteins. Southern blotting detects DNA, while Northern blotting detects RNA.

Ques. What is the correct answer for blue-white selection?

Ans. Blue-white selection is based on lacZ gene expression. Recombinant colonies usually remain white when the insert disrupts lacZ.

Ques. What is the difference between genomic and cDNA libraries?

Ans. A genomic library represents the whole genome. A cDNA library represents expressed genes made from mRNA of a particular tissue or cell type.