BSEAP Class X Syllabus 2027: Subject-Wise Topics, Weightage and PDF Download

Euclid’s Division Lemma, Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, Irrational Numbers, Decimal Expansions of Rational Numbers, HCF and LCM using prime factorisation.

Types of Sets, Venn Diagrams, Union and Intersection of Sets, Complement of a Set, Cardinal Properties of Sets, Word Problems on Sets.

Zeros of a Polynomial, Relationship between Zeros and Coefficients (quadratic and cubic), Division Algorithm for Polynomials, Geometrical Meaning of Zeros.

Graphical Method, Substitution Method, Elimination Method, Cross-Multiplication Method, Consistency and Inconsistency of Equations, Word Problems.

Factorisation Method, Completing the Square, Quadratic Formula, Nature of Roots (Discriminant), Formation of Quadratic Equations, Word Problems.

Arithmetic Progression (AP): nth term, Sum of n terms, Common Difference; Geometric Progression (GP): nth term, Sum of finite GP, Common Ratio; Word problems on AP and GP.

Distance Formula, Section Formula (Internal and External Division), Mid-Point Formula, Area of Triangle using Coordinates, Centroid of a Triangle.

Basic Proportionality Theorem (Thales Theorem) and Converse, Similarity Criteria (AA, SSS, SAS), Pythagoras Theorem and Converse, Areas of Similar Triangles, Angle Bisector Theorem.

Tangent to a Circle at a Point, Perpendicularity of Tangent and Radius, Number of Tangents from an External Point, Tangent-Secant Relationship, Segment Length Problems.

Surface Areas and Volumes of Cube, Cuboid, Cylinder, Cone, Sphere, Hemisphere; Combination of Solids; Conversion of a Solid from One Shape to Another; Frustum of a Cone.

Trigonometric Ratios (sin, cos, tan, cosec, sec, cot), Values for Standard Angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°), Trigonometric Identities, Ratios of Complementary Angles.

Angle of Elevation, Angle of Depression, Heights and Distances Word Problems (single-angle and two-angle problems), Line of Sight.

Classical Definition of Probability, Sample Space, Favourable Outcomes, Complementary Events, Problems using Cards, Dice, Coins, and Coloured Balls.

Mean of Grouped Data (Direct Method, Assumed Mean Method, Step Deviation Method), Median of Grouped Data, Mode of Grouped Data, Cumulative Frequency Distribution, Drawing Ogive Curves.

Temperature and Heat, Specific Heat Capacity, Calorimetry, Thermal Expansion (solids, liquids, gases), Modes of Heat Transfer (Conduction, Convection, Radiation), Latent Heat, Evaporation.

Balancing Chemical Equations, Types of Reactions (Combination, Decomposition, Single and Double Displacement), Oxidation-Reduction, Corrosion, Rancidity, Effects of Oxidation Reactions.

Properties of Acids and Bases, pH Scale, Indicators, Neutralisation Reactions, Common Salts (Baking Soda, Washing Soda, Bleaching Powder, Plaster of Paris), Water of Crystallisation.

Laws of Reflection, Plane Mirror Images, Spherical Mirrors (Concave and Convex), Mirror Formula, Sign Convention, Magnification, Uses of Spherical Mirrors.

Laws of Refraction, Snell’s Law, Refractive Index, Optical Density, Total Internal Reflection, Critical Angle, Applications (Optical Fibre, Mirage).

Types of Lenses (Convex and Concave), Lens Formula, Magnification, Power of a Lens, Combination of Lenses, Refraction through a Prism, Dispersion of White Light.

Structure of the Human Eye, Accommodation, Defects of Vision (Myopia, Hypermetropia, Presbyopia, Astigmatism) and Correction, Rainbow Formation, Atmospheric Refraction, Scattering of Light, Tyndall Effect, Why the Sky is Blue.

Thomson’s Model, Rutherford’s Nuclear Model, Bohr’s Model, Subatomic Particles, Atomic Number, Mass Number, Isotopes, Isobars, Electronic Configuration (2, 8, 8 rule).

Dobereiner’s Triads, Newland’s Law of Octaves, Mendeleev’s Periodic Table (merits and limitations), Modern Periodic Table, Groups and Periods, Periodicity of Properties (atomic size, metallic character, electronegativity).

Ionic Bond (formation, examples), Covalent Bond (single, double, triple bonds), Lewis Dot Structures, Properties of Ionic vs Covalent Compounds, Electrovalency and Covalency.

Ohm’s Law, Resistance and Resistivity, Factors Affecting Resistance, Series and Parallel Circuits, Heating Effect of Current (Joule’s Law), Electric Power, Domestic Electric Circuits, Safety Devices.

Magnetic Field Due to a Current-Carrying Conductor, Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule, Force on a Conductor in a Magnetic Field, Electric Motor, Electromagnetic Induction, Faraday’s Laws, AC Generator, Transformer.

Occurrence of Metals, Minerals and Ores, Concentration of Ores, Extraction and Refining, Reactivity Series, Corrosion and Prevention, Alloys.

Covalent Nature of Carbon, Allotropes, Versatile Nature (Catenation, Tetravalency), Functional Groups, Homologous Series, Nomenclature, Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons, Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid (Properties and Uses), Soaps vs Detergents.

Autotrophic Nutrition (Photosynthesis — light and dark reactions, raw materials, products), Heterotrophic Nutrition, Human Digestive System (organs and functions), Digestion of Carbohydrates, Proteins, and Fats, Absorption and Assimilation, Ruminant Digestion.

Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration, Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle (overview), ATP Formation, Human Respiratory System (organs and functions), Mechanism of Breathing, Exchange of Gases in Alveoli, Respiratory Quotient.

Transport in Plants (Xylem and Phloem, Translocation, Transpiration), Human Circulatory System (Heart structure, Blood vessels, Double Circulation), Blood Composition and Functions, Blood Groups and Transfusion, Lymphatic System.

Excretory Products in Plants and Animals, Human Excretory System (Kidneys, Nephron structure, Urine formation — Ultrafiltration, Reabsorption, Secretion), Role of Skin and Lungs in Excretion, Haemodialysis.

Nervous System (Central and Peripheral), Neuron Structure, Synapse, Reflex Arc, Human Brain (Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Medulla), Spinal Cord, Sense Organs, Chemical Coordination, Endocrine Glands and Hormones (Pituitary, Thyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads).

Asexual Reproduction (Binary Fission, Budding, Fragmentation, Spore Formation, Vegetative Propagation), Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants, Flower Structure, Pollination (Self and Cross), Fertilisation, Post-Fertilisation Changes, Fruit and Seed Formation.

Modes of Reproduction in Animals (Asexual and Sexual), Human Male and Female Reproductive Systems (organs and functions), Fertilisation and Foetal Development, Puberty, Reproductive Health, STIs, Methods of Contraception.

Mendel’s Experiments and Laws (Dominance, Segregation, Independent Assortment), Monohybrid Cross, Dihybrid Cross, Genotype and Phenotype, Sex Determination in Humans (XX/XY), Chromosomes, DNA and Genes, Mutations, Inherited Traits vs Acquired Traits.

Ecosystem Components (Biotic and Abiotic), Food Chains and Food Webs, Trophic Levels, Energy Flow (10% Law), Ecological Pyramids, Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable Substances, Environmental Problems (Pollution, Ozone Depletion, Greenhouse Effect).

Air and its Role, Water Cycle, Nitrogen Cycle, Carbon Cycle, Ozone Layer and its Importance, Coal and Petroleum (Formation and Conservation), Soil Formation, Conservation of Natural Resources, Sustainable Development.

Rise of Industrial Capitalism, Factory System, Impact on Society, Growth of Urban Centres, Workers’ Conditions, Trade Unionism.

New Imperialism, Scramble for Africa and Asia, Causes of World War I and II, League of Nations and its Failure, Rise of Nazism and Fascism, Impact on India.

Indian National Movement, Non-Cooperation Movement, Civil Disobedience Movement, Quit India Movement, Role of Gandhi, Nehru, and Subhas Chandra Bose, Partition and Independence.

Integration of Princely States, Five Year Plans, Non-Aligned Movement, Cold War and India, Green Revolution, Economic Development.

Constituent Assembly, Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Duties, Federal Structure, Role of Ambedkar.

Himalayas (Ranges and Passes), Northern Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Coastal Plains, Islands (Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshadweep); Physical Map Reading.

Factors Affecting Climate, Monsoon (South-West and North-East), Seasons, Distribution of Rainfall, Climatic Regions, El Niño Effect on India.

Rivers of India (Himalayan and Peninsular), Irrigation Systems, Dams and Multipurpose Projects, Green Revolution, Types of Crops (Kharif and Rabi), Agricultural Challenges, Food Security.

Iron and Steel Industry, Cotton Textile Industry, Mineral Resources (Iron Ore, Coal, Petroleum), Energy Resources (Hydel, Solar, Wind), IT and Software Industry in India.

Roadways, Railways, Airways, Waterways, Communication (Postal, Telecom, Internet), Population Distribution, Urbanisation, Migrations within India.

Village Panchayat (Gram Sabha, Mandal Parishad), District Administration (Collector’s role), State Government (Legislature, Governor), Central Government (Parliament, President, Prime Minister).

Supreme Court, High Courts, District Courts, Independence of Judiciary, Public Interest Litigation (PIL), Legal Aid, Consumer Courts.

Social Stratification, Caste Discrimination, Gender Equality, Rights of Minorities, Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Government Welfare Schemes.

Factors of Production, GDP, National Income, Human Development Index (HDI), Development Goals, Sustainable Development, Comparison of Countries.

Consumer Rights and Responsibilities, Types of Markets, Functions of Money, Banking System, Functions of Commercial Banks, Credit and Loans, Role of RBI, Impact of Globalisation.

Union Budget (Revenue and Capital), Social Sector Spending, Economic Reforms (LPG Policy), Role of Planning in India’s Development.

Factual and Inferential Unseen Passages; Questions on Comprehension and Vocabulary in Context; Note-making; Summarisation.

Parts of Speech, Tenses (All Forms), Active and Passive Voice, Direct and Indirect Speech, Articles and Prepositions, Conjunctions, Question Tags, Modals, Subject-Verb Agreement, Sentence Transformation.

Formal Letter Writing (Complaint, Application, Request), Informal Letter Writing, Essay Writing (Descriptive, Argumentative, Narrative), Dialogue Writing, Bio-sketch, Notice Writing, Story Completion.

Prescribed Prose Lessons from SCERT Detailed Reader, Poems from SCERT English Reader, Supplementary Reader Stories; Central Idea, Character Description, Summary, Poetry Appreciation, Long Answer (Essay on lesson).