MCQ on solid waste management

Ans: c. Non-Hazardous

Explanation: Municipal Solid Waste includes products like recyclable paper, organic waste, etc. It includes all the waste collected from the households, sanitation waste, in general, the waste collected from the commercial and residential complexes. Municipal Solid Waste commonly consists of garbage or trash which includes items such as metals, wood, leather, textiles, paper, food, glass, cardboard, plastic, etc.

Ans: a. Landfills

Explanation: Landfills are used to dispose of the solid waste collected in the cities and are designed in such a way to protect the environment from any kind of contamination present in the waste deposited in a landfill. All the collected waste is discharged into a pit and then covered with the soil. 

Ans: a. Aluminium

Explanation: Aluminium can be recycled many times into lots of different products as the recycling of this material does not affect its quality. The recycling of aluminium is both environmentally friendly and economically effective. The aluminium waste is collected and then it is cleaned. After this, it is sorted and then crushed and sent to the respective manufacturing plants where it is shredded then remelted and solidified again.

Ans: c. Biogas

Explanation: Biogas is the gas that is produced from the solid waste collected in landfills. It is a mixture of two gases that consist of Methane and Carbon dioxide which are produced from the waste. It is also known as Biomethane and is a renewable source of energy. Biogas is produced when the organic waste is decomposed by the bacteria in the absence of oxygen.

Ans: c. Six

Explanation: There are 6 functional components of managing the solid waste which includes Handling the solid waste onsite; storing and processing the waste; Collecting the waste products; then transferring and transporting the solid waste, and recovering the waste and its final disposal. 

Ans: d. Integrated Solid Waste Management

Explanation: ISWM refers to a systematic approach to the sustainable management of the solid waste produced. Integrated Solid Waste Management consists of the 3 components, waste system elements, stakeholders, and influencing factors. The first step in the hierarchy of waste management is the prevention of the generation of any waste material. ISWM follows those ways of waste management that can protect the environment and human health. 

Ans. a. 3

Explanation: Three ways to treat the waste thermally are incineration, pyrolysis, and open burning. Incineration refers to the combustion of the substances that are present in the waste material. Pyrolysis is the process of thermal decomposition at high temperatures in an inert atmosphere. When the waste is burnt in outdoor furnaces, open pits or woodstoves, it is known as Open burning. 

Ans: b. Methane

Explanation: The landfill gas is a mix of methane and carbon dioxide, where a few other trace elements are present for a good measure. As organic matter decomposes in landfills, the methane gas is naturally produced.

Ans. a. Plastic can be used to form compost

Explanation: The plastic materials are long lasting, robust, and lightweight. As they are less expensive as compared to the metals, they are frequently used in home items and in businesses. These items can also be molded in the many sizes and forms and can have various colors so that they look more appealing. Plastics are non biodegradable as the decomposers in the environment such as microbes or earthworms can not break them down. They also release toxic fumes when they are burnt.

Ans. c. 3

Explanation. There are three types of landfills - sanitary landfills, bioreactor landfills, and controlled dumps. Sanitary landfills exists where the features of the land aid in decomposition while controlled dumps are planned sites, and bioreactor landfills use micrbiological processes for decomposition.