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Nickel Nitrate is a beautiful emerald green crystalline solid that is hygroscopic and odorless. It is a one-of-a-kind chemical compound that is non-combustible but has the potential to speed up the combustion of combustible materials. If a large amount of material is involved in a fire and it is finely divided, an explosion may occur.
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Key Terms: Nickel Nitrate, Nickel Nitrate formula, nitric acid, inorganic compound, nickel II nitrate
What is Nickel Nitrate?
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Nickel nitrate is a crystalline chemical green solid. Alex Constant discovered nickel in 1751. It has a lustrous metallic silver appearance in its elemental state. Nickel is a hard and ductile transition metal that is corrosion-resistant due to its slow rate of oxidation.
Nickel Nitrate Formula
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Nickel Nitrate has the following chemical formula: .
Ni(NO3)2 or N2NiO6
Nickel Nitrate includes one Ni atom, one N atom, and three O atoms. The atomic number of nickel (atomic symbol: Ni) is 28. It has an atomic weight of 58.6934 and belongs to Block D, Group 4, Period 4. Nickel has two, eight, and sixteen electrons in each shell.
Preparation
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The reaction of nickel oxide with nitric acid generates nickel nitrate.
Its equation is as follows:
NiO + 2HNO3 + 5H2O / Ni(NO3)2 + 6H2O
Heating the hydrates allows for the formation of anhydrous nickel nitrate.
Ni(CO4) + 2N2O4 / Ni(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4CO
The reaction of nickel nitrate with nitric acid yields nickel nitrate and water.
Properties of Nickel Nitrate
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It has a melting point of 56.7 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 136.7 degrees Celsius. Ethanol dissolves it. It has a strong reaction with iodine and hydrogen sulfide. Nickel hydroxide dissolves readily in acids and ammonium hydroxide.
It is, however, practically insoluble in water. When heated to high temperatures, it decomposes into nickel oxide and water. It has a density of 2.05 g per centimeter. Nickel nitrate is an inorganic compound or its hydrate. Its anhydrous form is extremely rare. As a result, when we say nickel nitrate, we usually mean nickel (II) nitrate hexahydrate.
As a result, hydrated nitrate is frequently used as a precursor to support nickel catalysts. Nickel nitrate, like other nitrates, is an oxidizing agent. Long-term fire or heat exposure may result in an explosion. In fires involving this material, toxic oxides of nitrogen are possible.
What is Nickel Nitrate?
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- It also irritates the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract.
- It may also cause skin irritation.
- The ion nickel is extremely toxic to aquatic organisms.
Uses of Nickel Nitrate
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Nickel Nitrate is used as a precursor for the explosive nickel hydrazine nitrate. They are an excellent source of Nickel Nitrate for applications requiring material solubilization. It is also used in nickel plating and the production of nickel catalysts for use in chemical manufacturing.
Things to Remember
- Nickel Nitrate is a beautiful emerald green crystalline solid.
- It is a unique chemical compound that is non-combustible but has the potential to accelerate the combustion of combustible materials.
- Because nickel nitrate is an oxidizing agent, it must be handled with caution.
- Nickel Nitrate can irritate the skin, eyes, and the ion nickel is extremely toxic to aquatic organisms.
Ques. Determine Nickel Nitrate's molar mass. Mention uses of Nickel Nitrate. (3 marks)
Ans. Molecular formula of Nickel Nitrate is Ni(NO3)2.
Hence, its molar mass =(58.6934 + 214.0067 + 615.9994) = 182.7032 gram per mole.
Nickel Nitrate is a crystalline (sand-like) solid that is odorless and yellow to green in color. It is used in nickel plating, nickel catalyst production, and ceramic colors.
Ques. What is Nickel's solubility? When nickel nitrate is dissolved in water, what happens? (3 marks)
Ans. At T=20 C and pressure = 1 bar, elementary nickel is insoluble in water. Nickel compounds, on the other hand, may be water soluble.
Nickel nitrate is water soluble. Although it is noncombustible, it will hasten the combustion of combustible materials. An explosion may occur if large quantities of combustible material are involved in a fire or if the combustible material is finely divided. An explosion can occur when a person is exposed to fire or heat for an extended period of time.
Ques. What does Nickel nitrate react with? (3 marks)
Ans. Nickel nitrate is a strong oxidizer that can react violently with reducing materials (example, magnesium or aluminum powder, tin(II) chloride). A dangerous fire hazard that also serves as an oxygen carrier. Nickel nitrate releases highly toxic nitrogen oxide fumes if heated to decomposition.
Ques. What causes nickel II nitrate to be green? Is nickel II nitrate corrosive or non-corrosive? (3 marks)
Ans. Nickel(II) nitrate is a green crystalline solid that is an oxidizing agent due to the presence of nitrate ions. Sensitization to nickel nitrate is possible, but classification is impossible due to the corrosive nature of the mixture. X Yes, but NTP, IARC, and OSHA do not list nitric acid as a carcinogen.
Ques. Why are n-complexes known for the transition metals only? Also Explain why Nickel does not form octahedral complexes with low spin. (3 marks)
Ans. Transition metals with empty d-orbitals can accept electron pairs from ligands containing electrons, allowing them to form ic-bonding complexes.
Nickel's electronic configuration is [Ar] 3d8 4s2, indicating that it can only form two types of complexes in the presence of a strong ligand: square planar (dsp2) and tetrahedral (sp3) in the presence of a weak ligand. In Ni, there are four empty orbitals, whereas octahedral complexes require six.
Ques. Explain each of the following terms using an appropriate example: a. Ambident ligand b. Denticity of a ligand. (4 marks)
Ans.
- Ambidentate ligands are monodentate ligands with more than one coordinating atom. Only one atom in a monodentate ligand can bind to a central metal atom or ion. The nitrate ion NO2, for example, can bind to the central metal atom/ion at either the nitrogen or oxygen atoms.
- Denticity refers to the number of donor atoms in a ligand that form a coordinate bond with the central metal atom.
For example, if the donor atom is one, the ligand is known as Monodentate, if it is two, it is known as Bidendentate, etc.
Ques. What does it mean by chelate effect? Give an example of isomerism linkage. (5 marks)
Ans. A five or six membered ring is formed when a bidentate or polydentate ligand contains donor atoms positioned in such a way that when they coordinate with the central metal ion. The Chelate effect is the name for this phenomenon. As a result, the complex's stability improves.
The formed isomers are called linkage isomers, and the phenomenon is called linkage isomerism, when more than one atom in an ambidentate ligand is linked with the central metal ion to form two types of complexes. A. [Cr(H2O)5(NCS)]2 + pentaaqua isothiocyanate chromium (III) ion B. [Cr(H2O)5(NCS)]2+ pentaaqua isothiocyanate chromium (III) ion.
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