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Object around us is the concept of all the items surrounding us. Objects can be of any form that we can see, use and eat. Objects can be of various shapes and sizes, with different colors and material properties. Objects like books, bags, pens, cars, bottles, clothes, shoes, utensils, chairs, phones and many others. All these objects are invented by us to fulfill various objectives and purposes and make mankind easy. Natural objects like food, water, stones, soil, fruits, vegetables are the objects we get from nature.
Read Also: NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Science Chapter 6 : Changes around us
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Key Terms: Shape, Colour, Observation, texture, Lustre, Opacity, Symmetrical objects
Objects Around Us
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We are surrendered by various types of objects of various shapes and sizes and of different properties. Objects are either invented, discovered or found naturally. Every object has its own purpose and objectives. For example, unticels that are used to store or cook food.
A mirror reflecting light is used to look at reflection or a mobile phone that can fulfill many objectives.
Based on the properties of material and observation objects around us can be classified into various clusters like Colour, shape, size, texture, lustre and opacity. Classification of the objects can be also done by combining various identities, and also based on symmetrical properties of the object.
Examples of Objects Around Us
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Classification of Objects Around Us
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The objects we see around can be identified based on different classification.
Colour
Classification of objects into its specific cluster can be done by colour or appearance. The objects with the same colour can be classified into the same cluster. For example, the colour red can indicate danger. So red can be depicted by using objects like flags, bulbs or reflectors.
Example of color and usage
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Shape
Classification of object based makes it easy with the help of shapes. Objects with the same shape are considered into one object cluster. For example, consider the example of a round shape. Objects like globes, balls, and oranges come under one single cluster of round shape.
Example of round objects
Read Also: Geometry
Texture
Classification of objects based on texture is done on the bases of surface material. Different texture is formed with a difference in surface and material of the object. With difference in surface and feel of material an object cluster is formed. For example, a hard surface of sandpaper or rock. Soft surfaces of wool, cotton or silk fall under a soft texture.
Example of texture
Luster
The objects that shine and reflect light are classified as Luster. The shiny properties lead to forming separate clusters. For example, metals like gold, silver and platinum form a cluster of ornaments.
Example of (Gold) Luster
Read Also: Properties of metals
Opacity
Classification done on the basis of property of transparency. The amount of light passing through the object is opacity. For example, the objects like glass, water or fiberglass from which light passed is either transparent or translucent. And the shadow forming objects like metals, wood or sheets from which light is not able to pass.
Read Also: Light Reflection and refraction
Symmetrical Objects Around Us
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Symmetrical objects are the objects when cut in halves it will split in two identical halves. The object like glass, that is symmetrical from both the right and left side. If the object cannot form similar two halves are not symmetrical and are called asymmetrical. The line of symmetry passes through the centre of the object and it divides the object into two similar halves. Consider the example of paper.
When the paper is folded into half, the paper will overlap with its part and the line formed by folding is the line of symmetry. Other examples like ball, books, pencil, plates, etc.
Similarly, there can be other forms of classification based on chemical properties, physical properties, physical nature or physical state. Sometimes classifications are combined and new clusters are formed. For example, round and thin objects with low electrical conductivity. Classification helps us understand basics and generate options and alternatives for particular objectives and purposes.
Read Also: Properties of Matter
Things to Remember
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- Objects around us are the items surrounding us in everyday life.
- Shape: Classification done on the basis of the geometrical shape of the object whereas Texture Classification done on the basis of surface material and touch.
- Properties of objects are different from one another.
- Lustre: Classification done on the basis of shine and light reflection whereas Opacity Classification done on the basis of passage of light.
Sample Questions
Ques. List any five items which are made from wood? [1 mark]
Ans. Bed, doors, table, chair, boat, bat
Explanation: Objects made from wood are the objects which we see everyday which are made from wood, this is under the classification of Colour and texture.
Ques. From the given list select the objects that shines:
Door, Glass bowl, cotton shirt, steel spoon, plastic ball, gold ornaments. [1 mark]
Ans. Glass bowl, steel spoon, gold ornaments
Explanation: Under the classification of Lustre, we have the objects with the properties of shine and reflection of light. So the items which shine fall under this cluster.
Ques. Given are the various objects and materials around us (5 Marks)
Basketball, apple, oranges, Water, wheel, Bananas, earthen pitcher, Salt
Group them as:
Eatables and non eatables
Round shaped and other shapes [2 marks]
Ans.
- Eatables: Apple, Oranges, water, salt, bananas
- Non eatables: Basketball, Wheel, earthen pitcher
- Round shaped: Basketball, apple, oranges, wheel, earthen pitcher
- Other shapes: Water, Bananas, salt
Explanation: a. Classification based on properties of the object. The property of the object we are discussing now is whether we can eat the object or not. Most of the fruits are edible and other non living solid objects not.
- The classification is done on the basis of shape. By looking at the object we can identify the shape of the object.
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Ques. Write all the items you know that float on water. [1 mark]
Ans. Oil, Ice, Thin plastic, wood, paper, waz, thermocol, Rubber tube filled with air.
Explanation: The classification is done on the basis of properties of items which have the ability to float on water.
Ques. Find the odd one out. And Explain. [2 marks]
a) Salt, Sugar, Copper sulphate, Sand
b) Aluminum, Gold, Iron, Water
c) Rose, Iron, Lotus, Jasmine
d) Chair, Table, Car, Child, Pen
Ans.
- Sand (All other objects in the given list are soluble in water and Sand is not)
- Water (All other Items are mentioned are in the category of metals and Water is not)
- Iron (All other items mentioned in the group belongs to the category of Flowers and Iron is Metal)
- Child (All other items mentioned in the group are non-living things and child is a living)
Ques. Give any four properties of material [1 mark]
Ans. Appearance, hardness, Float or sink in water, Solubility
Ques. What are similarities between gold, iron, aluminium? [2 marks]
Ans. a. They are all metals
- They are all luster
- They have hard surface
Read Also: Convex Mirror
Ques. Give the basic classification of the object. And explain any one? [3 marks]
Ans. Five types of classification based on properties
- Colour, Shape, Texture, Lustre and Opacity
- Colour: Classification done on the basis of Colour code and meaning behind colour.
- Shape: Classification done on the basis of the geometrical shape of the object.
- Texture: Classification done on the basis of surface material and touch.
- Lustre: Classification done on the basis of shine and light reflection.
- Opacity: Classification done on the basis of passage of light.
Ques. Stare True or False and explain your answer [5 marks]
a) Salt dissolves in water.
b) Oil mixes with water
c) Sand floats on water
d) Piece of wood floats on water
e) Stone is transparent
Ans.
- True (Salt has the property to dissolve in water)
- False (Due to the properties of oil. It is not possible to mix oil with water oil is insoluble in water)
- False (Sand has its own mass and it is heavier than water, which makes sand to sink down and not float on water)
- True (Piece of wood is light in weight, so it floats on water)
- False (Stone is a solid object which does not allow light to pass through it, which makes it not transparent)
Ques. What solution is known as universal solvent? [1 marks]
Ans. Water is known as a universal solvent. As water has the property to dissolve large numbers of substance.
Read Also: Micelle
Ques. Give the list of objects that can be made from given materials. [5 marks]
Wood, Leather, Iron, Plastic, Cotton.
Ans.
- Wood: Chair, table, bed, wooden wheels, furniture, doors
- Leather: Belts, shoes, jackets, bags
- Iron: Table, chairs, windows, wheels, vehicles
- Plastic: Chairs, tables, lunch box, buckets
- Cotton: Cloths, bedsheets, cushion, bags, socks
Ques. What will happen when all the objects reflect light in a regular way? [3 marks]
Ans. Objects that reflect light are known as Lustre. The light is reflected in all directions by the object. But in a regular way, light is reflected in one direction. The object is visible only in the direction of light it reflects. If its reflected in one direction the object will be visible in one direction and it will be not possible to see the object in another direction.
Ques. Differentiate between object and material? [3 marks]
Ans.
| Object | Material |
| The things that be touched and seen are called objects | Materials are the substances that are used to make an object. |
| Object can be made from one or more materials | Materials are resourced naturally or manually |
| Identity of the object is based on the property of material it is made from | Material has its own identities and properties. |
| Example: Piece of Cloth is a object | Example: Cotton is the material used to make Piece of cloth. |
Ques. Explain how selection of materials are done for making an object? Explain one example. [3 marks]
Ans. Objects are made from one or more materials. Materials needed to make an object are selected on the basis of properties and materials. Different properties of material are used to make different objects based on its requirement, efficiency and other elements. Consider the example of a plastic bucket. Plastic bucket is an object made from plastic material. Properties of plastic like ability to hold water, long lasting, not soluble in water, light weight, long life. These properties are more important to store water in the bucket for a long time.
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Ques. Give three physical properties of matter. [5 marks]
Ans. Physical properties of matter are:
- Appearance or Lustre: The ability to reflect light which makes the matter shiny and bright is called Lustre. This property gives the information regarding the matter which have or have not the ability to reflect light. For example, gold or silver can reflect more light and are more shiny compared to wood or rubber.
- Hardness: The ability of matter to compass. The materials with hard surfaces are difficult to compress when force is applied. While the materials with soft surfaces are easy to compress when force is applied. For example, stones or rocks have high hardness compared to cotton or pillows.
- Solubility: The ability to dissolve in liquid is called solubility. Matter which can dissolve in water is known as soluble in water and matter that cannot dissolve in water are called non-soluble in water. For example, Sugar and salt are soluble in water compared to oils, kerosene which forms a separate layer in water are insoluble in water.
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