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The spectrum of electromagnetic radiations emitted or absorbed by electrons of atoms during the transition from one energy level to another energy level is called Atomic Spectra or Line Spectra. It is the characteristic of atoms and is formed due to the excitation and de-excitation of electrons within the atoms. It consists of sharp and well-defined lines.
Atomic Spectra are classified into two types:
- Emission Spectra or Line Emission spectra
- Absorption spectra or Line Absorption spectra
Emission Spectra: At low pressure by passing an electric current, when an atomic gas or vapor is excited, the emitted radiation has a spectrum that contains a specific wavelength, is termed Emission spectra, and consists of bright lines on a dark background.
- It is also known as a line emission spectra.
- The spectrum obtained is distinct and discontinuous.
Absorption spectra: The spectrum of transmitted light is observed with a spectrometer showing some dark lines which replaces some bright lines seen in the emission spectrum of the gas when white light passes through atomic gas or vapor. This type of spectra is known as Absorption spectra.
- It is also known as line absorption spectra
- The spectrum obtained is continuous with dark lines
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