MCQs on Anatomy

Answer: b) Sphincter of Oddi

Explanation: The Sphincter of Oddi is a smooth muscle that surrounds the end part of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct. This muscle gets relaxed when you eat a meal to allow bile and the pancreatic juice to flow into the small intestine. It controls the flow of digestive juice from the hepatopancreatic duct to the duodenum.

Answer: c) Parasympathetic

Explanation: Because of the interaction of complex neural and vascular physiological factors the penile erection happens. Parasympathetic impulses help to trigger the erection, arteries dilate and rise in blood flow. Parasympathetic stimulation helps in the smooth muscle relaxation in penile arteries, relaxation of the trabecular smooth muscle and also results in the closure of the venous outflow from the penis.

Answer: d) Epididymis – Ductus Deferens – Ejaculatory Duct – Penis

Explanation: The sperm travels from Epididymis then go the Ductus Deferens. From there it travels towards the Ejaculatory Duct and then finally comes to Penis. Through a series of different ducts, the Sperm leave the testis. Then they enter the epididymis. Each epididymis is 6 meters long comma shaped organ situated in the margin of the tests.

Answer: c) The part of ductus deferens is cut

Explanation: Vasectomy is a surgical method which is used for the male sterilization. In this process, the male vas deferens are cut and then sealed to prevent the sperm entering the urethra and to avoid fertilization. After the process of Vasectomy, the sperm stays in the testicles and is absorbed by your body. The semen does not contain any sperm after starting about 3 months after Vasectomy.

Answer: d) Dihydrotestosterone

Explanation: Dihydrotestosterone is also called Stanolone. It is a hormone for sex with androgen and an endogenous steroid. It is commonly known as DTH. Dihydrotestosterone is three to six times more powerful than testosterone.

Answer: b) Hypothalamus

Explanation: Hypothalamus contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. It works as a link between the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. Its main function is to control body temperature and hunger in the human body.

Answer: a) Scoliosis

Explanation: Scoliosis is the sideways curvature observed in the spine which is diagnosed mostly in adolescents. This usually occurs in people who have conditions of cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy. In most of the cases, the scoliosis is mild. But some curves get worse as children grow, they can cause disability.

Answer: d) Humerus

Explanation: The humerus is the bone which is present in the upper arm of the human body. The humerus plays an important role both in the movement and support. The deltoid ridge is the triangular area on the front surface of the middle of the humerus.

Answer: b) Para-aortic

Explanation: The para-aortic is also known as lateral aortic group. They are responsible for the draining of iliac nodes, ovaries, testis and other pelvic organs like these. They are located adjacent to the aorta, anterior to the spine. It extends laterally to the edge of the psoas major muscles and to the crura of the diaphragm.

Answer: c) Ulnar

Explanation: The Ulnar nerve is one of those three nerves which are present in our arms. It starts from the neck and ends at arms. It is very helpful in the movement of the hands, forearm and certain fingers. It also sends sensory information like pain, temperature, touch etc. to our brain.

Answer: a) Hyaline cartilage

Explanation: Hyaline cartilage is most found and the type that makes up the embryonic skeleton. It is found in the synovial joints and assists the motion of joints. Hyaline cartilage is present at the end of the long bones. It is mostly found in human adults at the ends of the bones in free-moving joints as articular cartilage.

Answer: b) Endodermis

Explanation: The endodermis regulates the water, ions and hormones from inside to the outside of the vascular system. It also helps to store the starch and involves in the perception of gravity. Endodermis is the central and innermost layer of cortex in land plants.

Answer: d) Graafian follicle

Explanation: The Graafian follicles release the ovum after rupturing during the process of ovulation. When the process is completed, the Graafian follicle gets converted into corpus luteum. This corpus luteum then secretes progesterone. Graafian follicles are a heterogeneous family of relatives. It displays an antrum which contains follicular fluid.

Answer: a) Vestibular apparatus

Explanation: The role of balancing in the ear is done by vestibular system which is present in the inner side of the ear. It includes two structures- a bony labyrinth in the inner ear and the vestibule and the semicircular canals. Vestibular has two membranous sacs, the utricle and the saccule, they are commonly known as otolith organs.

Answer: b) Fibrous joint

Explanation: Because of their inability to move, fibrous joints are also called fixed or immovable joints. These joints lack cavities just like gomphosis, syndesmosis, sutures etc. They are connected with the help of connective tissues that mainly includes collagen.

Answer: d) Mitochondria

Explanation: The tip of sperm head i.e., the acrosome enables the sperm to penetrate the egg. The middle portion which contains mitochondria supplies the energy that the tail needs to move. In order to fertilize a woman’s egg, the sperm have to reach the uterus as well as the fallopian tube.

Answer: d) Cowper’s gland

Explanation: Cowper’s gland is a pea-shaped gland to the membranous urethra situated at the posterolateral. They are both in pairs. The name was taken from the English surgeon William Cowper. The main function of the Cowper’s gland secretions is to neutralize traces of acidic urine in the urethra. They produce thick transparent mucus prior to ejaculation which drains into the spongy urethra.

Answer: c) Corpora spongiosum

Explanation: Corpora spongiosum is a mass tissue with spongy structure that covers the male urethra. It is situated within the penis. It is also known as cavernosum urethrae as corpus. The posterior part of corpus spongiosum forms the urethral bulb by expanding it. It lies in the opposition with inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm.

Answer: d) Cerebellum

Explanation: The cerebellum is also known as the little brain which is located at the back of the brain. It underlies between the occipital and temporal lobes of the cerebral cortex. The main function of cerebellum includes the maintenance of balance and posture. Other functions include cognitive functions such as attention and languages and emotional control as well.

Answer: a) Ribs

Explanation: The intercostal muscles are attached to the periosteum of the rib above and the rib below. The fibres of the external intercostal muscles run from forward to the downward direction from the rib tubercle to the costal cartilage.

Answer: c) Secretion of alkaline mucus

Explanation: The main role of the prostate gland is to secrete the alkaline mucus from the prostate. It produces the fluid that nourishes and transports the sperm. The secretion of alkaline mucus is important to protect the mucous membrane of the stomach from acids released during the process of digestion.

Answer: d) Collecting duct

Explanation: Collecting duct is the final component of the kidney which influences the body’s electrolyte and balances the fluid. Single uriniferous tubule does not contain the collecting duct. It is physically connected with nephrons to a minor calyx or directly to the renal pelvis. It is the last part of nephron and takes part in electrolyte and fluid balance.