MCQs On Biomolecules: Introduction & Explanation

Ans: a) Glucose and fructose.

Explanation: Being a polysaccharide in which long chains of monosaccharides are bound together through glycosidic bonds, insulin is made up of glucose and fructose. 

Ans: a) Succinic dehydrogenase by malonic acid

Explanation: In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor which corresponds to the natural substrate and combines with the free enzyme at the active site gets in competition with the substrate to reach the active state of the enzyme. And in the same way, the malonate which resembles the Succinic dehydrogenase inhibits its activity to acquire the active enzyme state.

Ans: b) Carbonic anhydrase

Explanation: Carbonic anhydrase is known as one of the fastest enzymes as the average catalytic rate of different enzymes of carbonic anhydrase ranges between 104 to 106  reactions every second. Its rate of speed is limited by the rate of diffusion of its substrates.

Ans: d) lipid

Explanation: Lecithin is a lipid and belongs to the phospholipid category of lipids. Lecithin contains choline and amino alcohol and is usually found in the egg yolks, soybean, and so on. It is also extracted from the soybeans for emulsifying the food products. 

Ans: a) lactose

Explanation: lactose is not a polysaccharide. It is a disaccharide that is made by the condensation of single molecules of two monosaccharides which are glucose and galactose.

Ans: c) B3

Explanation: B3 is a vitamin present in the NADP. It is also known as Niacin or nicotinic acid. It is used for the conversion of carbohydrates into glucose and the metabolism of fats and proteins. It also helps in the smooth working of our nervous system.

Ans: a) Activation energy

Explanation: Activation energy is known as the minimum amount of energy that is needed to initiate any chemical reaction. Moreover, it is the energy that is needed to energize the molecules or atoms to make them undergo a chemical reaction.

Ans: c) Myosin

Explanation: Myosin is a protein with both structural and enzymatic properties. Also, Myosin can be defined as a motor prototype that reacts with actin to form actomyosin during muscle contraction.

Ans: a) The end product

Explanation: During the feedback inhibition, the end product influences the enzyme in catalyzing the particular reaction. As soon as a sufficient amount of product is achieved, it influences the enzyme to stop any further catalyzation. 

Ans: b) Amylase 

Explanation: Amylase is an important digestive enzyme, that comes into action as soon as the chewing begins. It hydrolyzes and then breaks down the starch into several other monosaccharides, such as maltose which is then converted into glucose and then it is used as energy.

Ans: c) Guanine

Explanation: Guanine is not a pyrimidine instead it is a purine. It is one of the four DNA chemical bases which is paired up with the cytosine. The structural similarity of the guanine and adenine brings them under the category of purines.

Ans: c) Competitive inhibition is seen when the substrate and the inhibitor compete for the active site on the enzyme.

Explanation: During the process of competitive inhibition, the inhibitor and the substrate compete for the same site. They both have the same structure but the active site only allows a single inhibition.

Ans: a) Glucose

Explanation: Glycogen is a polymer of Glucose. It is generally found in the liver. It is an animal starch and a polysaccharide of glucose. However, galactose is a monosaccharide, fructose is a monosaccharide and sucrose is a disaccharide. 

Ans: a) Arginine

Explanation: Arginine is considered one of the most basic amino acids. The reason for it is the stabilization of the positive charge by the process of resonance and it contains a basic side group as well, which is guanidine. 

Ans: a) Uracil 

Explanation: There are mainly two types of nitrogenous bases, Purines, and pyrimidines. The adenine and guanine belong to the purines and the thymine and cytosine belong to the pyrimidines. In here, the thymine is said to be replaced by Uracil, if needed.