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Tidal energy is produced by the rise and fall in the sea level known as tides due to the effect of the gravitational force of the moon and the sun on Earth.
- They are renewable sources of energy.
- Rotation of the earth along with the gravitational force also responsible for the generation of tides.
- Tidal energy is converted into electricity turbines.
The various uses of tidal energy are
- It can be used to produce electricity.
- It can be used for the mechanical crushing of the grains.
- It is used as energy storage
- A tidal energy system known as a tidal barrage is used to protect the coastal region during high storms.
The technologies that are used to harness tidal power are
- Tidal Stream Turbines.
- Dynamic Tidal Power
- Tidal Barrage
- Tidal Lagoon
Very Short Answers Questions [1 Mark Questions]
Ques. The type of tidal energy generator which uses a large dam is known as
- Tidal stream
- Barrage
- Lagoon
- None of the above
Ans. The correct answer is b. Barrage
Explanation: A tidal barrage is a dam-like structure that is used to extract energy from the motion of the water due to tidal forces.
Ques. Tidal energy is also known as
- Tidal water
- Tidal resource
- Tidal power
- Tidal force
Ans. The correct answer is c. Tidal power
Explanation: Tidal energy also known as tidal power is the energy extracted from the tides originating in the oceans.
Ques. The rise and fall of sea levels are caused by the
- The gravitational force of the Moon
- The gravitational force of the Sun
- Rotation of the Earth
- All of the above
Ans. The correct answer is d. All of the above
Explanation: The rise and fall of sea levels are caused by the effect of the gravitational force of the moon and the sun on Earth, and also due to the rotation of the Earth.
Ques. The intensity of sea waves is _____
- Constant
- Always Zero
- Variable
- Always increasing
Ans. The correct answer is c. Variable
Explanation: Sea waves, also known as tides have variable intensity. Sometimes it has high intensity and sometimes low.
Ques. Tidal energy is a _____ form of energy.
- Renewable
- Non-renewable
Ans. The correct answer is a. Renewable
Explanation: Since tides are caused due to seawater which is abundant on the earth, therefore tidal energy is a renewable form of energy.
Short Answers Questions [2 Marks Questions]
Ques. What are tides?
Ans. Tides are the rise and fall in the level of seawater due to the combined effect of the gravitational force of the moon and the sun. Tides produce in the ocean and travel toward the coastline. A high tide occurs at a particular location when the highest part of the tide wave reaches. Whereas a low tide occurs when the lowest part of the tide reaches a particular location.
The height difference between the high tide and low tide is known as the tidal range.
Ques. What is tidal energy?
Ans. The energy produced by using the rise and fall of ocean water is called tidal energy. This energy is mainly converted into electrical energy by using various methods.
Ques. What are spring tides and neap tides?
Ans. When the sun, the earth, and the moon are aligned which happens at times of a new moon or full moon then an extreme tide occurs known as Spring tide.
A neap tide occurs when the moon and the sun are at right angles to the Earth. These tides are small.
Ques. What is a tidal stream generator?
Ans. A tidal stream generator is a mechanical device that extracts the energy from moving water usually from tides to run a turbine that produces electricity.
Also Check:
Long Answers Questions [3 Marks Questions]
Ques. What are the advantages of tidal energy?
Ans. The followings are the advantages of tidal energy
- It is a renewable source of energy.
- The operations done by using tidal energy do not produce any harmful gases and hence it is environmentally friendly.
- It is the most reliable and predictable source of energy that occurs often along the coast.
- Compared to conventional power plants, the tidal energy system has low operating costs and needs less maintenance.
- Compared to the energy production farms like solar or wind farms, tidal energy farms utilize small areas of land.
Ques. What are the disadvantages of tidal energy?
Ans. The following are the disadvantages of tidal energy
- It depends on the location for production. It can be produced effectively in areas with strong tidal currents, typically in coastal regions.
- The cost of designing, building, and designing tidal energy infrastructure like tidal barrages and tidal turbines is high compared to other renewable sources of energy.
- Tidal energy projects like tidal barrages disturb marine ecosystems, affecting fish migration and the distribution of marine species.
- Since the tidal energy plants are located in the coastal region i.e. far away from the population, it requires significant investment in energy transmission.
Ques. What are the differences between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy?
Ans. The following are the differences between renewable and non-renewable sources of energy
| Renewable Sources of Energy | Non-renewable Sources of Energy |
|---|---|
| These types of sources of energy are present in abundance and can be replenished naturally. | These types of energy are present in finite amounts, and once they are depleted, cannot be replenished. |
| It cannot be depleted over time | It can be depleted over time |
| Solar energy, wind energy, tidal energy, etc. are examples of renewable energy resources. | Fossils fuel like coal, gas, and petroleum are examples of non-renewable energy resources. |
| These resources lead to no carbon emissions or carbon footprint | These resources lead to carbon emissions or carbon footprint |
Very Long Answers Questions [5 Marks Questions]
Ques. What are the differences between tidal energy and wave energy?
Ans. The differences between tidal energy and wave energy are
| Tidal Energy | Wave Energy |
|---|---|
| It is produced due to the gravitation pull of the sun and moon on the Earth’s ocean causing a rise and fall in the water level | It is produced due to the movement of the wind over the surface of the ocean. |
| High and low tides are responsible for generating tidal energy | Winds are responsible for the generation of wave energy. |
| The amount of tidal energy produced is affected by the locations and positions | The amount of wave energy produced gets affected by the speed of winds |
| It is more reliable for the production of energy | It is less reliable for the production of energy |
| It is a discontinuous source of energy | It is a continuous source of energy |
Ques. What are the various ways in which tidal power can be harnessed?
Ans. Tidal power can be harnessed by using the following technologies
- Tidal Stream Turbines: These are similar to wind turbines but it is designed to operate underwater in fast-flowing tidal currents. The blades of the turbines start rotating as the water passes through them. This produces mechanical energy which is further converted into electricity using a generator.
- Dynamic Tidal Power: It uses the concept that involves harnessing the energy between two basins at different tidal elevations. The connecting channel between the two basins is closed during high tide which leads to trapping of water in the high basin. The connecting channel is then opened when the tide goes and water starts flowing from the high basin to law basin that passes through a turbine and produces electricity.
- Tidal Barrage: They involve constructing a dam-like structure. The barrage gates are closed and water is stored in the basin behind the dam during high tides. When the tide goes out, the gates are opened and stored water flows back to the sea via a turbine that produces electricity.
- Tidal Lagoon: This involves the development of the proper artificial infrastructure in terms of circular retaining walls. These walls are installed with the turbines to store the potential energy.
Ques. What are the applications of tidal energy?
Ans. The applications of tidal energy are as follows
- The energy of the tides can be used to produce electricity known as tidal electricity.
- Just like the windmills, tidal energy can be used for the mechanical crushing of the grains.
- It is used as energy storage in hydroelectric dams.
- Tidal barrages, a tidal energy system is used to protect the coastal region during high storms.
- It is used in the desalination of seawater into fresh water.
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