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Diamond is majorly used in the making of jewelry and other industries applications. It is a pure form of carbon. Diamond is the most popularly used gemstone. Diamond stones are weighed in carats and points.
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Key terms: Carbon, Jewellery, Gemstone, Carats, Pure Carbon, Allotrope, Tetrahedron, Covalent Bond
What Is A Diamond?
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Diamond is a hard solid form of carbon. It is an allotrope of the element carbon. The hardness and sparkle of diamonds have made them a popular and demanding gem. The properties of diamond make it a useful material for the industrial cutting and polishing of tools.
Diamonds
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| Concept Related To Diamond | ||
|---|---|---|
| Allotropes of carbon | Carbon And Its Carbon | Lewis Dot Structures |
Uses Of Diamond
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Diamond is widely used in many fields. The uses of diamonds are as follows:
- Diamonds in Jewelry- The spark and durability of gems made people in love with diamonds. Jewelry like earrings, rings, pendants, nose rings, bracelets, etc is made of diamonds.
- Diamonds in Industry- 80% of rough diamonds are used for industrial purposes. The hardness and durability of diamonds are used for polishing, cutting, and drilling. These rough diamonds are also used for cutting other diamonds.
- Diamonds in Automotive Industry- In the automotive industry diamonds are used in the production of vehicles.
- Diamonds in Windows- The durability and resistance to heat of thin diamond membranes make windows that are used in x-ray machines, lasers and vaccum chambers.
- Diamonds in Engraving- Diamonds are even used in engraving granite and quartz.
- Diamonds in Beauty Products- Expensive beauty products use diamond extracts in their products like sprays, exfoliators, moisturizers, etc.
Formation Of Diamonds
Properties Of Diamond
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Some significant properties of diamonds are:
- Hardness
- High thermal conductivity
- High electrical resistivity
- High strength
- Broad optical transparency from ultraviolet to infrared
- Resistant to chemical corrosion
- Biologically compatible
Also Check:
| Chapter Related Topics | ||
|---|---|---|
| Rock Cycle | Carbon | Carbon and Its Compounds |
Things To Remember
- Diamond is the most popularly used gemstone.
- Diamond stones are weighed in carats and points.
- In the automotive industry, diamonds are used in the production of vehicles.
- The durability and resistance to heat of thin diamond membranes make windows that are used in x-ray machines, lasers, and vacuum chambers.
- Expensive beauty products use diamond extracts in their products like sprays, exfoliators, moisturizers, etc.
- Diamond is an allotrope of the element carbon.
Important PYQs Based On Diamond
- Diamond Is Very Hard Because…. [NEET 1993]
- Diamond Is The Hardest Substance On The Earth It….
- With Respect To Graphite And Diamond Which Of The… [JEE Advanced 2012]
- Graphite Is Soft While Diamond Is Hard Because….
- The Densities Of Graphite And Diamond At 298 K Are…. [NEET 2003]
- The Major Binding Force Of Diamond Silicon And…..
- The Number Of Carbon Atoms Per Unit Cell Of Diamond… [NEET 2013]
- The Nature Of The Bond In Diamond Is…. [JKCET 2008]
- Electronegativity Of Carbon Atoms Depends Upon The…
- There Is A Large Number Of Carbon Compounds Due To….
- If The Atomic Mass Of Carbon Was Set At 100 U What….
- In Dumas Method One Gram Of Carbon Compound Gives…
- A Signature Written With Carbon Pencil Weighs 1 Mg… [KCET 2003]
- The Enthalpies Of Combustion Of Carbon And Carbon….
- In Which Of The Following Group Of Periodic Table......
- The Tenth Element In The Periodic Table Resembles….
- In The Periodic Table, The Period Number Correspond…
Sample Questions
Ques. State the characteristics of the diamond. (4 Marks)
Ans. The characteristics of a diamond are:
- Dispersion of color
- Light
- Lustre
- transparency
Ques. State three differences between graphite and diamond. (5 Marks)
Ans. Differences between diamond and graphite are:
| Diamond | Graphite |
|---|---|
| Diamonds are hard in nature | Graphites are soft in nature. |
| Diamonds do not conduct electricity. | Graphite conducts electricity. |
| In diamonds no free carbon atoms are present. | In graphite free Carbon atoms are present. |
Ques. What is a diamond? And of what diamond is made up of? (4 Marks)
Ans. Diamond is a hard solid form of carbon. It is an allotrope of the element carbon. The hardness and sparkle of diamonds have made them a popular and demanding gem. The properties of diamond make it a useful material for the industrial cutting and polishing of tools.
Diamond is made up of pure carbon.
Ques. What are the uses of diamonds? (5 Marks)
Ans. The uses of diamonds are as follows:
- Diamonds in Jewellery - the spark and durability of gems made people in love with diamonds. Jewelry like earrings, rings, pendants, nose rings, bracelets, etc is made of diamonds.
- Diamonds in Industry - 80% of rough diamonds are used for industrial purposes. The hardness and durability of diamonds are used for polishing, cutting, and drilling. These rough diamonds are also used for cutting other diamonds.
- Diamonds in Automotive Industry - In the automotive industry diamonds are used in the production of vehicles.
- Diamonds in Windows - the durability and resistance to heat of thin diamond membranes make windows that are used in x-ray machines, lasers, and vacuum chambers.
- Diamonds in Engraving - diamonds are even used in engraving granite and quartz.
Ques. State five properties of diamond. (5 Marks)
Ans. Some significant properties of diamonds are:
- Hardness
- High thermal conductivity
- High electrical resistivity
- High strength
- Broad optical transparency from ultraviolet to infrared
Ques. Describe the structure of the diamond. (3 Marks)
Ans. Diamond is a molecule of pure carbon atoms in which each carbon atom is attached to four other carbon atoms with strong covalent bonds which later forms a regular tetrahedron. A covalent bond of carbon atoms forms a very rigid structure of a diamond.
Ques. Diamond has a high melting point. Why? (2 Marks)
Ans. Diamonds have a very high melting point, this is because a huge amount of heat energy is required to break the strong covalent bonds in one crystal of a diamond. The melting point of diamonds is above 3500°C.
Ques. Why are diamonds colorless? (2 Marks)
Ans. The carbon atom is tetrahedrally linked with four other carbon atoms, without leaving electrons free to emit wavelength in the band of visible light. Hence, this makes diamonds colorless.
Ques. What is the melting and boiling point of a diamond? (2 Marks)
Ans. The melting point of the diamond is 3550°C and the boiling point is 4830°C.
Ques. Why is diamond considered strong? (2 Marks)
Ans. In a diamond, the outer shell of each carbon atom has 4 electrons. Then these electrons are connected with 4 other carbon atoms by covalent bonds. This structure of carbon helps it to form a rigid tetrahedral crystal. This tightly-bonded bond makes diamond one of the hardest substances.
Ques. Is diamond soluble in water? (2 Marks)
Ans. No diamond is not soluble in water. It is insoluble in water. Every atom present in a diamond is bonded by four strong covalent bonds, without leaving any free electrons and no ions.
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