Accelerometer Questions

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Very Short Answers Questions [1 Mark Questions]

Ques. A torque coil and pick-off reinforced by a flexure is used among the following accelerometers to measure acceleration.

1. Mechanical
2. Micro Electro Mechanical System
3. Flexure Pivot
4. Vibrating Beam

Ans. The correct answer is c. Flexure Pivot

Explanation: The flexure pivot accelerometer is the most often used in aircraft systems. A torque coil and a pick-off are supplemented by a torsional spring in the sensitive element.

Ques. What among the following is measured using an accelerometer?

1. Velocity
2. Distance
3. Mass
4. Acceleration

Ans. The correct answer is d. Acceleration

Explanation: The accelerometer is a device that monitors acceleration along any given axis. Velocity and distance may be calculated by integrating the recorded acceleration over time.

Ques. Why do accelerometers that contain fluid damping display reduced damping?

1. Thermal characters
2. The state of fluid
3. Density
4. Pressure

Ans. The correct answer is a. Thermal characters

Explanation: Because of variations in fluid properties, accelerometers with fluid damping have lower bandwidth and increased thermal sensitivity.

Ques. What is the use of an accelerometer in laptops?

1. To rotate the screen
2. To get the angle on the monitor
3. To get the linear acceleration
4. To protect hard drives from damage

Ans. The correct answer is d. To protect hard drives from damage

Explanation: In laptops, the accelerometer protects the hard drives from harm. If the laptop falls quickly while in use, the accelerometer detects the sudden free fall and immediately switches off the hard drive.

Ques. Which among the following situations results in the rectification of vibration inputs?

1. Heating
2. Low Voltage
3. High Voltage
4. Low Current

Ans. The correct answer is a. Heating

Explanation: The heating of the torque coil due to rebalancing current might result in the rectification of vibration inputs. A pulse-rebalanced torque keeps the heating steady.

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Short Answers Questions [2 Marks Questions]

Ques. What is Capacitive Accelerometer?

Ans. A capacitive accelerometer is a type of accelerometer device that uses capacitive sensing methods to measure acceleration on a surface. It can detect static and dynamic acceleration on equipment or devices caused by human or mechanical forces and transform it into electrical currents or voltage.

Ques. What is an Accelerometer?

Ans. An accelerometer is a device used to determine proper acceleration. The acceleration (rate of change of velocity) of a body in its own instantaneous rest frame is referred to as proper acceleration. Coordinate acceleration, on the other hand, is acceleration in a given coordinate system. For example, an accelerometer at rest on the Earth's surface will detect acceleration due to gravity of g = 9.8 m/s2 straight up.

Ques. What is an XYZ accelerometer?

Ans. An XYZ accelerometer is commonly used in mobile devices to detect device movement. The XYZ axis is the direction of the axis and is used by the accelerometer to determine the exact position of the device. Portrait and landscape modes are available on all mobile devices. These modes on mobile devices vary when we spin our device to our preference. The value of XYZ is used to identify the device's position, whether we spin it left or right or tilt it on either side.

Ques. What is a shear mode accelerometer?

Ans. Sensing crystals are used in the mechanism of a shear mode accelerometer. 

• They are often of a smaller size. 
• When acceleration is created, the damped mass will exert a force on the shear stress. 
• This force will then be imparted to the crystals. 
• Electrical output is obtained as a result. 
• It is directed to a sensor circuit or possibly a connection. 
• Shear mode accelerometers are known for producing high-frequency responses.

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Long Answer Questions [3 Marks Questions]

Ques. What are the different types of accelerometers?

Ans. The different types of accelerometers are

• Capacitive MEMS Accelerometer: MEMS is an abbreviation for Micro-Electro-Mechanical-System. MEMS is a manufacturing technique. Changes in capacitance are measured instead of changes in resistance in this type of accelerometer. This MEMS accelerometer is found in the majority of mobile devices.
• Piezoresistive Accelerometer: It detects vibrations through changes in resistance. This is an accelerometer that is DC-sensitive and efficient at monitoring very small vibrations, such as gravity vectors.
• Piezoelectric Accelerometer: Sensors of this type are formed of crystals or ceramics such as lead zirconate, lead titanate, and so on. This sensor absorbs vibrations while producing the same number of electrical impulses.

Ques. What are 6-axis accelerometers?

Ans. A 6-axis accelerometer is a hybrid of a 3-axis digital accelerometer and a 3-axis digital gyroscope. 

• A gyroscope is used to measure the angular velocity along the x, y, and z axes. 
• The gyroscope measurement is unaffected by acceleration or linear velocity. 
• As a result, the 6-axis accelerometer is used to provide an accurate measurement. 
• Because it has a low power consumption chip called LSM6DS3, this type of accelerometer consumes very little electricity. 
• It is very vibration sensitive and contains a power supply regulator.

Ques. How does a piezoelectric accelerometer work?

Ans. A piezoelectric accelerometer is made up of a mass connected to a piezoelectric crystal installed on a casing. 

• When the accelerometer body vibrates, the mass of the crystal remains motionless in space due to its inertia. 
• The mass compresses and extends the piezoelectric crystal as a result of this. 
• According to Newton's second law, F = ma, this force is proportional to acceleration and creates a charge. 
• With the use of electronics, the charge output is subsequently turned into a low-impedance voltage output.

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Very Long Answer Questions [5 Marks Questions]

Ques. What are the major applications of piezoelectric accelerometers?

Ans. The major applications of piezoelectric accelerometers are

• These are used in engine testing such as Combustion and dynamic stressing.
• They are used in ballistics such as explosion, combustion, and detonation.
• They are used in Industrial or factory systems such as machine health monitoring, machining systems, and metal cutting.
• They are used in original equipment manufacturers like transportation systems, machine tools, rockets, engines, shock/vibration testers, and flexible structures.
• In engineering, it is used in dynamic response testing, auto chassis structural testing, shock and vibration isolation, reactors, control systems, structural analysis, and materials evaluation
• In aerospace, it is used in ejection systems, landing gear hydraulics, rocketry, wind tunnel, shock tube instrumentation, and modal testing.

Ques. Explain the working of the Accelerometer.

Ans. An accelerometer is a device that uses an electromechanical sensor to measure either static or dynamic acceleration. 

• The constant force exerted on a body, such as gravity or friction, is referred to as static acceleration. 
• To a significant extent, these forces are predictable and uniform. 
• For example, gravity's acceleration is constant at 9.8 m/s, and the gravitational force is about the same at any place on Earth. 
• The best example of non-uniform dynamic acceleration forces is vibration or shock. 
• An automobile accident is a great illustration of dynamic acceleration. 
• When compared to its previous state, the acceleration shift here is rapid. 
• Accelerometers, according to theory, can detect acceleration and transform it into measurable values, such as electrical signals.

Ques. What are the uses of an Accelerometer?

Ans. The followings are the uses of accelerometers

• Accelerometers can detect vibration in vehicles, equipment, buildings, process control systems, and safety installations. 
• They may also be used to calculate seismic activity, tilt, machine vibration, dynamic distance, and speed with or without gravity.
• Accelerometers are also becoming more popular in the biological sciences. 
• High-frequency recordings of bi-axial or tri-axial acceleration enable the detection of behavioral patterns even when the animals are not visible.
• Accelerometers are also used in machinery health monitoring to indicate vibration and variations in the time of shafts at the bearings of rotating equipment such as turbines, pumps, fans, rollers, compressors, or bearings.

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