AP EAPCET Syllabus 2027: PDF Expected February 2027, Subject-Wise Topics and PDF Download

Year 1: Functions (Types, Domain and Range), Mathematical Induction, Matrices (Operations, Inverse, Cramer’s Rule), Addition of Vectors (Collinearity, Coplanarity)
Year 2: Complex Numbers (Modulus, Amplitude, Conjugate), De Moivre’s Theorem (Roots), Quadratic Expressions (Sign, Nature of Roots), Theory of Equations (Symmetric Functions, Transformation), Permutations and Combinations, Binomial Theorem (General Term, Middle Term), Partial Fractions

Trigonometric Ratios up to Transformations (Compound, Multiple, Sub-multiple Angles), Trigonometric Equations, Inverse Trigonometric Functions, Hyperbolic Functions, Properties of Triangles (Sine Rule, Cosine Rule, Half-Angle Formulae)

Product of Vectors (Scalar Dot Product, Cross Product, Scalar Triple Product, Vector Triple Product), Three-Dimensional Coordinates, Direction Cosines and Direction Ratios, Lines in 3D, The Plane (Equation, Distance of Point from Plane, Angle Between Line and Plane)

Year 1: Measures of Dispersion (Range, Mean Deviation, Variance, Standard Deviation), Probability (Classical Definition, Addition and Multiplication Theorems, Conditional Probability, Bayes’ Theorem)
Year 2: Random Variables, Probability Distributions (Binomial Distribution, Poisson Distribution — Introduction, Expected Value)

Year 1: Locus, Transformation of Axes (Translation and Rotation), The Straight Line (All Forms), Pair of Straight Lines (Combined Equation, Angle Between Lines)
Year 2: Circle (Standard, General and Parametric Form), System of Circles (Radical Axis, Coaxial Circles), Parabola (Standard Forms, Focus-Directrix, Tangents, Normals), Ellipse (Standard Form, Eccentricity, Conjugate Diameters), Hyperbola (Asymptotes, Conjugate Hyperbola, Rectangular Hyperbola)

Limits and Continuity (Standard Limits, L’Hôpital’s Rule), Differentiation (Chain Rule, Implicit, Parametric, Logarithmic), Applications of Derivatives (Tangents and Normals, Increasing/Decreasing Functions, Maxima and Minima, Rolle’s Theorem and Mean Value Theorem), Integration (Standard Forms, Integration by Parts, Partial Fractions, Trigonometric Substitutions), Definite Integrals (Properties, Area Under Curves, Area Between Curves), Differential Equations (Variable Separable, Homogeneous, Linear First-Order)

Scope of Physics; Fundamental forces; SI units; Dimensional analysis; Errors and significant figures.

Equations of motion; Distance and displacement; Relative velocity; Projectile motion; Uniform circular motion; Scalars and vectors.

Newton’s three laws; Impulse; Conservation of linear momentum; Static and kinetic friction; Circular motion dynamics; Centre of mass.

Work-energy theorem; Conservative and non-conservative forces; Potential energy; Elastic and inelastic collisions; Torque; Angular momentum; Moment of inertia; Parallel and perpendicular axes theorems; Rolling motion.

Simple harmonic motion; Simple pendulum; Spring-mass system; Newton’s law of gravitation; Gravitational potential energy; Orbital velocity; Escape velocity; Geostationary satellites.

Stress and strain; Young’s modulus; Bernoulli’s theorem; Viscosity; Surface tension; Specific heat; Latent heat; Laws of thermodynamics; Carnot engine; Kinetic theory; Transverse and longitudinal waves; Sound speed; Beats; Doppler effect.

Coulomb’s law; Electric field and field lines; Gauss’s law; Electric potential; Capacitance; Series and parallel combinations; Dielectrics; Energy in capacitor.

Ohm’s law; Drift velocity; Resistivity; Resistance in series and parallel; Kirchhoff’s laws; Wheatstone bridge; Potentiometer; EMF and internal resistance.

Biot-Savart law; Ampere’s law; Force on current-carrying conductor; Galvanometer; Earth’s magnetism; Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws; Self and mutual inductance; Transformers; AC generator; LCR circuit; Resonance; Power factor.

Electromagnetic spectrum; Reflection and refraction at spherical surfaces; Mirror and lens formulae; Optical instruments (microscope, telescope); Young’s double slit experiment; Diffraction; Polarisation.

Photoelectric effect; Einstein’s equation; de Broglie wavelength; Bohr model; Radioactive decay; Nuclear fission and fusion; p-n junction; Rectifier; Transistor; Logic gates (AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR).

Year 1: Atomic Structure (Bohr Model, Quantum Numbers, Electronic Configuration), States of Matter (Gas Laws, Van der Waals Equation), Thermodynamics (Enthalpy, Hess’s Law, Gibbs Energy), Chemical Equilibrium and Acids-Bases (Kc, Kp, Le Chatelier’s Principle, pH, Buffer Solutions, Ksp), Stoichiometry (Mole Concept, Redox Reactions)
Year 2: Solutions (Raoult’s Law, Colligative Properties), Electrochemistry (Galvanic Cells, Nernst Equation, Faraday’s Laws, Electrolysis), Chemical Kinetics (Rate Laws, Order, Arrhenius Equation), Surface Chemistry (Adsorption, Catalysis, Colloids)

Year 1: Periodic Table and Periodicity (Trends in Atomic Radius, Ionisation Energy, Electronegativity), Chemical Bonding (Ionic, Covalent, VSEPR, Hybridisation, MO Theory, Hydrogen Bonding), s-Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals), p-Block Elements Groups 13 and 14 (Boron, Aluminium, Carbon, Silicon)
Year 2: p-Block Elements Groups 15–18 (Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur, Halogens, Noble Gases), d and f Block Elements (Transition Metals — Variable Oxidation States, Alloys), Coordination Compounds (Werner’s Theory, IUPAC Nomenclature, Crystal Field Theory, Isomerism)

Year 1: Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry (IUPAC Nomenclature, Isomerism, Inductive and Resonance Effects), Hydrocarbons (Alkanes — Halogenation, Alkenes — Addition and Markovnikov’s Rule, Alkynes, Benzene — Electrophilic Substitution)
Year 2: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes (SN1, SN2, Elimination, Grignard Reagent), Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids (Aldol, Cannizzaro, Fischer Esterification), Amines (Gabriel Synthesis, Diazonium Salts), Biomolecules (Carbohydrates, Proteins, Vitamins, Nucleic Acids), Polymers, Chemistry in Everyday Life

Taxonomy and systematics; Binomial nomenclature; Two-kingdom, five-kingdom and three-domain classification; Viruses, Viroids, Prions, Lichens; Plant Kingdom: Algae (types, Chlorella, Spirogyra), Bryophytes (Funaria, Pellia), Pteridophytes (Selaginella, Pteris), Gymnosperms (Cycas, Pinus), Angiosperms (Monocot vs Dicot features).

Root modifications (storage, climbing, respiratory); Stem modifications (thorns, tendrils, rhizomes, corms, bulbs); Leaf modifications (spines, tendrils, phyllodes); Types of inflorescence; Flower: calyx, corolla, androecium, gynoecium; Floral formula and floral diagram; Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Liliaceae — diagnostic features and economic importance.

Types of meristems; Simple permanent tissues (parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma); Complex tissues (xylem — tracheids, vessels, xylem fibers; phloem — sieve tubes, companion cells); T.S. of Dicot Root, Monocot Root, Dicot Stem, Monocot Stem; Leaf anatomy; Secondary growth (cork cambium, vascular cambium).

Cell theory; Prokaryotic cell vs eukaryotic cell; Cell organelles: nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, vacuole, centrosome; Cell membrane (fluid mosaic model); Biomolecules: carbohydrates (structure and types), proteins (amino acids, peptide bonds, primary to quaternary structure), lipids (phospholipids, steroids), nucleic acids (DNA vs RNA); Enzyme structure and classification.

Cell cycle phases (G1, S, G2, M); Mitosis stages (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) with diagrams; Significance of mitosis; Meiosis I (prophase I sub-stages: leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene, diakinesis; crossing over mechanism) and Meiosis II; Significance of meiosis; Comparison of mitosis and meiosis.

Water potential and osmosis; Plasmolysis; Active and passive transport; Transpiration (stomatal and lenticular); Mechanism of ascent of sap (tension-cohesion theory); Mineral absorption (active vs passive); Essential macro and micronutrients; Nitrogen fixation (biological — Rhizobium; industrial — Haber process); Photosynthesis: chloroplast structure, light reactions (Z-scheme, photosystems I and II), dark reactions (Calvin cycle, CO2 fixation), C4 plants (Hatch-Slack pathway), CAM plants, factors affecting photosynthesis; Respiration: glycolysis, Krebs cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, ETC, respiratory quotient, anaerobic respiration; Plant growth regulators: Auxins (IAA — apical dominance), Gibberellins (bolting, seed dormancy), Cytokinins (cell division, senescence), Abscisic Acid (stress response, stomatal closure), Ethylene (fruit ripening).

Modes of asexual reproduction (vegetative propagation, budding, fragmentation, spore formation); Flower structure (complete flower); Microsporogenesis and male gametophyte (pollen grain — exine and intine); Megasporogenesis and female gametophyte (7-celled, 8-nucleate embryo sac); Pollination types (self, cross — agents: wind, water, insects, animals); Double fertilisation (syngamy + triple fusion); Post-fertilisation: endosperm development (nuclear, cellular, helobial types), embryo development; Seed structure; Seed dormancy and germination conditions.

Mendel’s laws (Law of Dominance, Segregation, Independent Assortment); Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses; Incomplete dominance; Codominance; Multiple allelism (ABO blood groups); Polygenic inheritance; Pleiotropy; Chromosomal theory of inheritance; Linkage and crossing over; Sex determination in plants (dioecious); Mutations: chromosomal and gene mutations.

DNA as genetic material (Griffith’s experiment, Hershey-Chase experiment, Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment); Watson-Crick double helix model; DNA replication (semi-conservative — Meselson-Stahl experiment; replication fork, enzymes); Transcription (template strand, mRNA synthesis, promoter, terminator); Translation (ribosomes, codons, anticodons, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase); Genetic code properties; Gene regulation (lac operon — constitutive and induced expression); Central dogma; Human Genome Project.

Recombinant DNA technology: restriction enzymes (types, mechanism), cloning vectors (pBR322, cosmids), gel electrophoresis; PCR (principle, applications); Transgenic plants: herbicide-resistant crops, Bt cotton (Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein); Biofertilisers: Rhizobium, Azolla, BGA; Biopesticides; Plant tissue culture: callus induction, organogenesis, micropropagation, somatic hybridisation; Golden Rice (beta-carotene engineered rice); Applications of biotechnology in agriculture, medicine, and environment.

Microbes in food processing (fermentation, curd, cheese, bread, vinegar); Industrial products (statins, enzymes, bioactive compounds); Sewage treatment (primary and secondary treatment, aerobic and anaerobic sludge digestion); Biogas production (methanogens); Biocontrol agents; Biofertilisers (nitrogen fixers, mycorrhizae).

Ecosystem structure (biotic and abiotic components); Productivity (GPP, NPP, secondary productivity); Decomposition (steps: fragmentation, leaching, catabolism, humification, mineralisation); Energy flow (food chains, food webs); Ecological pyramids (energy, biomass, number); Biogeochemical cycles (nitrogen cycle, carbon cycle, phosphorus cycle, water cycle); Organisms and populations (population attributes, growth models — exponential and logistic; K and r strategists); Interspecific interactions (predation, parasitism, competition, mutualism, commensalism, amensalism); Biodiversity: genetic, species, ecosystem levels; Biodiversity patterns; Hotspots; Biodiversity loss; In situ conservation (biosphere reserves, national parks, sanctuaries) and ex situ conservation (seed banks, zoological parks, botanical gardens, tissue culture).

Basis of classification (symmetry, coelom, segmentation, notochord); Non-chordata: Porifera (Sycon), Cnidaria (Obelia, Aurelia), Platyhelminthes (Taenia, Fasciola), Nematoda (Ascaris, Wuchereria), Annelida (Earthworm, Leech), Arthropoda (Cockroach, Palaemon), Mollusca (Pila), Echinodermata (Starfish, Sea cucumber); Phylum Chordata sub-phyla; Classes from Cyclostomata to Mammalia — key characters and examples.

Types of animal tissues: epithelial (squamous, cuboidal, columnar, ciliated, glandular), connective (loose, dense, cartilage, bone, blood), muscular (striated, smooth, cardiac), nervous; Cockroach: morphology, digestive system, circulatory system, excretory system, nervous system, reproductive organs; Amoeba — pseudopodia, locomotion and binary fission; Paramoecium — cilia and conjugation.

Types of movement (ciliary, flagellar, muscular); Skeletal muscle structure (sarcomere: A-band, I-band, H-zone, Z-line); Sliding filament theory; Neuromuscular junction; Skeletal system: axial and appendicular; Types of joints; Disorders: osteoporosis, arthritis, tetany, muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis.

Alimentary canal (mouth to anus) with detailed structure; Digestive glands (salivary glands, liver, pancreas) and enzymes (salivary amylase, pepsin, trypsin, lipase, etc.); Digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, fats; Absorption (simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport); Assimilation; Caloric value of food; Breathing mechanism (inspiration and expiration); Lung volumes: tidal volume, IRV, ERV, RV, vital capacity, total lung capacity; Partial pressures of O2 and CO2; Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve; CO2 transport (bicarbonate and carbamino-haemoglobin); Disorders: emphysema, asthma, occupational lung diseases.

Blood composition: plasma, RBCs, WBCs, platelets; Blood groups (ABO system, Rh factor); Coagulation cascade; Heart structure (chambers, valves) and cardiac cycle (systole, diastole, atrial and ventricular events); Cardiac output and stroke volume; ECG (P, Q, R, S, T waves); Blood pressure; Lymphatic system; Nephron structure (Bowman’s capsule, PCT, Loop of Henle, DCT, collecting duct); Urine formation (glomerular filtration, selective reabsorption, tubular secretion); Concentration of urine (counter-current mechanism); Osmoregulation; Hemodialysis; Kidney stone; Renal failure.

Neuron structure (dendrites, axon, myelin sheath, nodes of Ranvier); Resting potential and action potential; Propagation of nerve impulse; Synapse (chemical — neurotransmitters); Central nervous system (cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, pons, hypothalamus); Peripheral nervous system; Reflex arc; Sensory organs: eye (structure and image formation, accommodation) and ear (structure, hearing mechanism, balance); Endocrine glands: pituitary (GH, TSH, FSH, LH, ADH, Oxytocin), thyroid (T3, T4, calcitonin), parathyroid (PTH), adrenal cortex (mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids) and medulla (adrenaline), pancreas (insulin, glucagon), gonads (testosterone, oestrogen, progesterone); Feedback regulation of hormones; Hormonal disorders.

Male reproductive system (testes, seminiferous tubules, spermatogenesis, accessory glands); Female reproductive system (ovaries, oogenesis, Graafian follicle, corpus luteum, uterus); Menstrual cycle (phases: menstruation, follicular, ovulation, luteal); Fertilisation (acrosomal reaction, cortical reaction); Implantation; Pregnancy (placenta — structure and functions, hormones); Parturition; Lactation; Contraceptive methods (barrier, hormonal, intrauterine devices, surgical); Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP); Infertility and ART (IVF, ZIFT, GIFT, ICSI, IUT); STDs (gonorrhoea, syphilis, herpes, HIV/AIDS, hepatitis B).

Chromosomal basis of inheritance; Sex determination (XX-XY, ZZ-ZW, XO types); Sex-linked disorders: haemophilia (pedigree analysis), colour blindness; Chromosomal disorders: Down’s syndrome (trisomy 21), Turner’s syndrome (45, X0), Klinefelter’s syndrome (47, XXY); Hardy-Weinberg principle and gene pool; Theories of evolution: Lamarckism (use and disuse), Darwinism (natural selection, variation, fitness), Neo-Darwinism (Modern Synthetic Theory); Evidences of evolution (fossil record, comparative anatomy, homology, analogy, molecular evidence); Human evolution (Homo habilis to Homo sapiens).

Pathogens and diseases: Typhoid (Salmonella typhi), Pneumonia (Streptococcus pneumoniae), Malaria (Plasmodium — life cycle, vectors), Amoebiasis (Entamoeba histolytica), Filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti), Common Cold (Rhinovirus), Ringworm (Microsporum), Ascariasis; Immune system: innate vs adaptive immunity, humoral (B-cells, antibodies) and cell-mediated (T-cells, cytokines); Vaccines and vaccination; AIDS (HIV life cycle, T-cell destruction, ELISA test); Cancer (benign vs malignant, oncogenes); Drug and alcohol abuse; Animal husbandry: cattle breeding, poultry, fish production, bee keeping, sericulture; Transgenic animals (Dolly — somatic cell nuclear transfer); Bioethics of GMOs.

Habitat and niche; Population attributes (birth rate, death rate, sex ratio, age pyramid); Population growth models (exponential — J-curve; logistic — S-curve with carrying capacity); r and K strategists; Interspecific interactions (predation, parasitism, competition, mutualism, commensalism, amensalism); Air pollution (particulate and gaseous pollutants, smog, acid rain); Water pollution; Greenhouse effect and global warming; Ozone depletion (CFCs, UV-B effects); Radioactive waste; Deforestation and its impact; Biogeochemical cycles (carbon and nitrogen).