ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 is issued by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) at cisce.org for the academic year 2026–27. The syllabus covers all compulsory and elective subjects across three subject groups. Students appearing for the ICSE 2027 board exams must download the official subject-wise syllabus PDFs from cisce.org — CISCE has revised several subjects including History & Civics, Geography, Chemistry, and Economics for the 2026–27 cycle.
- The ICSE 2027 syllabus covers subjects across three groups — English Language, History & Civics, and Geography are compulsory; Mathematics, Science, and Economics are chosen as electives under Group II.
- CISCE has revised the Economics syllabus for 2027, covering six units: Productive Mechanism, Theory of Demand and Supply, Market, Banking in India, Inflation, and Consumer Awareness.
- Each Group I and Group II subject carries 100 marks total — 80 marks theory and 20 marks internal assessment (practicals or project work).
- ICSE 2027 theory examinations run from 17 February 2027 to 30 March 2027; English Language Paper 1 is the first paper.
- The official ICSE 2027 exam timetable was released by CISCE on 13 November 2025.
- You need a minimum of 33% in each subject to pass; you must pass English Language to receive the ICSE certificate.
- New subjects introduced for ICSE 2027 include Applied Mathematics, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, Modern English, and Bhutia Language.
Download the official ICSE 2027 subject-wise syllabus PDFs from cisce.org and plan your preparation around the prescribed topic list for each paper.
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 PDF: Download Subject-wise
CISCE publishes separate syllabus PDFs for each subject on the Regulations and Syllabuses page at cisce.org. Download the relevant PDF for every subject you are studying.
| Subject | ICSE 2027 Syllabus PDF |
|---|---|
| English Language (Paper 1) | ICSE English Language Syllabus 2027 PDF |
| Literature in English (Paper 2) | ICSE Literature in English Syllabus 2027 PDF |
| History & Civics | ICSE History & Civics Syllabus 2027 PDF |
| Geography | ICSE Geography Syllabus 2027 PDF |
| Mathematics | ICSE Mathematics Syllabus 2027 PDF |
| Physics | ICSE Physics Syllabus 2027 PDF |
| Chemistry | ICSE Chemistry Syllabus 2027 PDF |
| Biology | ICSE Biology Syllabus 2027 PDF |
| Economics | ICSE Economics Syllabus 2027 PDF |
| Computer Applications | ICSE Computer Applications Syllabus 2027 PDF |
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027: Overview
The ICSE (Indian Certificate of Secondary Education) Class X examination is conducted by CISCE. The curriculum is broad and application-oriented, covering both science and humanities streams with a strong emphasis on English and analytical writing skills.
| Detail | Information |
|---|---|
| Conducting Body | Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) |
| Exam Name | Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) — Class X |
| Academic Year | 2026–27 |
| Official Website | cisce.org |
| Medium of Instruction | English |
| Total Subjects | Minimum 7 (all Group I + 2–3 from Group II + 1 from Group III) |
| Marks per Subject (Group I & II) | 100 (80 theory + 20 internal assessment) |
| Marks per Subject (Group III) | 100 (50 theory + 50 practical) |
| Aggregate Calculation | Best five subjects including compulsory English Language |
| Passing Criteria | Minimum 33% in each subject; must pass English Language to receive the certificate |
| Group I (Compulsory) | English Language, Literature in English, Second Language, History & Civics, Geography |
| Group II (Electives — min. 2) | Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Computer Applications, Economics, Commercial Studies, Environmental Science, Applied Mathematics (new for 2027) |
| Group III (Skill/Vocational — min. 1) | Art, Physical Education, Home Science, Fashion Designing, Technical Drawing, Yoga, Cookery, Artificial Intelligence (new for 2027), Robotics (new for 2027) |
Students must finalise their subject combination at the time of school enrolment — this cannot be changed after registration with CISCE.
ICSE Class X 2027 Important Dates
The ICSE 2027 examination calendar follows CISCE’s confirmed schedule. Theory examinations begin on 17 February 2027 — complete all internal assessments and practicals before this date. As of today (August 2026), all events below are upcoming except the timetable and syllabus releases, which have already occurred.
| Event | Date / Period | Status |
|---|---|---|
| ICSE 2027 Admit Card Release | January 2027 (expected) | Upcoming |
| Practical / Internal Assessment Examinations | January–February 2027 (school-level scheduling) | Upcoming |
| ICSE 2027 Theory Examinations Begin | 17 February 2027 (English Language — Paper 1) | Upcoming |
| ICSE 2027 Theory Examinations End | 30 March 2027 (Environmental Science) | Upcoming |
| ICSE 2027 Result Declaration | April–May 2027 (expected) | Upcoming |
| Official Exam Timetable Released by CISCE | 13 November 2025 | Released |
| Syllabus Published by CISCE (for 2026–27) | 2025 | Released |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for English Language
English Language (Paper 1, Group I) is compulsory for all ICSE students. The paper carries 80 marks and tests writing, comprehension, and grammar skills. You must pass this paper to receive the ICSE certificate. The exam duration is 2 hours.
| Section | Topics Covered | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Composition | Sub-topics of Composition — Click Here Essay writing (narrative, descriptive, argumentative, discursive); Directed writing: formal and informal letters, email, notice, report, speech, article; Short composition: dialogue, email, and summary writing. | 30 |
| Comprehension and Summary | Sub-topics of Comprehension — Click Here Unseen prose passage; comprehension questions on content and inference; vocabulary in context; summary writing (identify and present 5–6 main points in own words); giving a suitable title. | 30 |
| Grammar and Usage | Sub-topics of Grammar — Click Here Sentence transformation; sentence combining; gap-filling (prepositions, conjunctions, articles); error correction; active and passive voice; direct and indirect speech; degrees of comparison; rearranging jumbled sentences; question tags. | 20 |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for Literature in English
Literature in English (Paper 2, Group I) covers prescribed drama, poetry, and prose texts. Verify the exact 2026–27 prescribed texts from the official CISCE syllabus PDF before purchasing books — prescribed titles change by academic year. The paper carries 80 marks with no internal assessment component and lasts 2 hours.
| Section | Component | Question Types |
|---|---|---|
| Section A — Drama or Prose Text | CISCE-prescribed drama or novel | Character analysis; theme; setting; extract-based contextual questions from the prescribed play or prose text |
| Section B — Poetry | CISCE-prescribed poetry anthology (Treasure Trove) | Meaning; poetic devices; tone; theme; reference to context questions |
| Section C — Short Stories | CISCE-prescribed short story collection (Treasure Trove) | Character; plot; theme; extract-based comprehension; essay-type questions |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for Mathematics
Mathematics is the most popular Group II elective. The theory paper carries 80 marks and lasts 2.5 hours. It has two sections: Section A (40 marks, compulsory short questions from all units) and Section B (40 marks, internal choice). All units can appear in the compulsory Section A — cover every unit without exception.
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Commercial Mathematics | GST, Banking, Shares & Dividends | Sub-topics of Commercial Mathematics — Click Here GST: CGST, SGST, IGST, Input Tax Credit computation; Banking: Recurring Deposit accounts, maturity value calculation; Shares and Dividends: face value vs. market value, dividend calculation, yield, annual income from shares. |
| 2. Algebra | Linear Inequations, Quadratic Equations, Ratio & Proportion, Matrices, AP & GP, Coordinate Geometry | Sub-topics of Algebra — Click Here Linear inequations; Quadratic equations — factorisation, Shreedharacharya’s formula, discriminant, nature of roots; Ratio and Proportion — alternendo, invertendo, componendo-dividendo; Matrices (2×2) — types, operations, transpose; AP: nth term and sum of n terms; GP: nth term and sum; Coordinate Geometry: distance, section and midpoint formulae, slope, equation of a line (slope-intercept and two-point forms), collinearity. |
| 3. Geometry | Similarity, Circles, Loci, Constructions | Sub-topics of Geometry — Click Here Similar triangles: AA/SAS/SSS criteria, area theorem, Pythagoras and converse; Circle theorems: tangent-radius, tangent from external point, chord-arc relations, cyclic quadrilateral; Loci: standard results; Geometric constructions: circumscribed/inscribed circles, tangent from external point. |
| 4. Mensuration | Cylinder, Cone, Sphere, Combined Solids | Surface area and volume of cylinder, hollow cylinder, cone, sphere, hemisphere; combined solid problems; circle sector and segment areas. |
| 5. Trigonometry | Identities, Heights & Distances | Trigonometric identities; complementary angle relations; angles of elevation and depression; two-triangle height and distance problems. |
| 6. Statistics | Mean, Median, Mode, Ogive | Arithmetic mean by direct, short-cut, and step-deviation methods; histogram; frequency polygon; median and mode for grouped data; cumulative frequency; Ogive; quartiles from ogive. |
| 7. Probability | Basic Probability | Classical definition; sample space and events; equally likely outcomes; problems with coins, dice, and cards; complementary events. |
ICSE Mathematics Chapter-wise Weightage 2027
| Unit | Key Chapters | Approximate Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Algebra | Quadratic Equations, Matrices, Coordinate Geometry, AP/GP, Ratio & Proportion | 30–32 |
| Geometry | Similarity, Circles, Loci, Constructions | 16–18 |
| Commercial Mathematics | GST, Banking, Shares & Dividends | 12–14 |
| Statistics | Mean, Median, Ogive, Histogram | 8–10 |
| Mensuration | 3D solids: cylinder, cone, sphere, combined | 8–10 |
| Trigonometry | Identities, Heights & Distances | 6–8 |
| Probability | Classical Probability | 4–6 |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for Physics
Physics is Paper 1 of Science under Group II. The theory paper carries 80 marks (2 hours); practicals carry 20 marks. Section A (40 marks) has compulsory short questions; Section B (40 marks) allows internal choice. Diagrams carry dedicated marks — draw all ray diagrams and circuit diagrams in pencil with correctly spelt labels.
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Force | Sub-topics of Force — Click Here Moment of a force; torque; principle of moments; centre of gravity; equilibrium (stable, unstable, neutral); uniform circular motion; centripetal force and its real-life examples. |
| 2 | Work, Energy, Power and Simple Machines | Sub-topics of Work, Energy, Power — Click Here Work done by a constant force; kinetic and potential energy; conservation of energy; power and units; commercial unit (kWh); simple machines: levers (Class I, II, III), pulleys (fixed, movable, block and tackle); mechanical advantage (MA), velocity ratio (VR), efficiency — relationships and numericals. |
| 3 | Light — Refraction and Lenses | Sub-topics of Light — Click Here Laws of refraction; Snell’s law; refractive index; critical angle; total internal reflection; optical fibre; prism; convex and concave lenses: ray diagrams, lens formula, magnification, power; human eye: myopia, hypermetropia and correction. |
| 4 | Spectrum | Electromagnetic spectrum: members, wavelength range, uses; dispersion through prism; scattering of light; blue sky and red sunset. |
| 5 | Sound | Nature and propagation of sound; pitch, loudness, quality; echo and reverberation; resonance; SONAR; infrasound and ultrasound applications. |
| 6 | Electricity and Magnetism | Sub-topics of Electricity and Magnetism — Click Here Ohm’s law; resistance and resistivity; series and parallel circuits; equivalent resistance; EMF and internal resistance; electric power and energy; domestic circuits: earthing, fuse, MCB, safety; magnetic effect of current; electromagnets; DC motor (Fleming’s left-hand rule); electromagnetic induction; AC generator (Fleming’s right-hand rule); transformer: step-up and step-down. |
| 7 | Heat and Calorimetry | Heat capacity; specific heat capacity; method of mixtures; latent heat (fusion and vaporisation); numericals on heat gained and lost. |
| 8 | Modern Physics | Sub-topics of Modern Physics — Click Here Radioactivity; alpha, beta, gamma radiation — properties and penetrating power; background radiation; half-life concept; uses of radioisotopes (medicine, carbon dating); nuclear fission; chain reaction; nuclear fusion; basic principle of a nuclear reactor. |
ICSE Physics Chapter-wise Weightage 2027
| Chapter | Approximate Marks |
|---|---|
| Electricity and Magnetism | 16–18 |
| Light — Refraction and Lenses | 14–16 |
| Work, Energy, Power and Machines | 10–12 |
| Heat and Calorimetry | 8–10 |
| Modern Physics | 8–10 |
| Force | 6–8 |
| Sound | 6–8 |
| Spectrum | 4–6 |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for Chemistry
Chemistry is Paper 2 of Science under Group II. The theory paper carries 80 marks; practicals carry 20 marks. CISCE revised certain Chemistry sections for 2026–27 — confirm the full current scope from the official CISCE Chemistry PDF before finalising your study plan. Balanced chemical equations carry marks in every section.
| Unit | Chapter | Marks | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Periodic Table | 10 | Sub-topics of Periodic Table — Click Here Modern periodic law; groups and periods; electronic configuration and position in the table; atomic radius; ionisation energy; electronegativity; metallic/non-metallic character — trends across periods and down groups; trends in alkali metals and halogens. |
| 2 | Chemical Bonding | 8 | Electrovalent (ionic) bond; covalent bond (single, double, triple); coordinate (dative) bond; Lewis dot structures; properties of ionic vs. covalent compounds. |
| 3 | Acids, Bases and Salts | 12 | Sub-topics of Acids, Bases and Salts — Click Here Arrhenius theory; properties of acids and bases; pH scale; indicators; neutralisation; types of salts (normal, acid, basic, double); preparation of salts by neutralisation, displacement, double decomposition, and direct combination; hydrolysis; water of crystallisation; efflorescence, deliquescence, hygroscopy. |
| 4 | Analytical Chemistry | 5 | Detection of cations (NH₄⁺, Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺, Zn²⁺, Al³⁺, Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺) and anions (CO₃²⁻, SO₄²⁻, Cl⁻, NO₃⁻); flame test colours; action of heat on salts. |
| 5 | Mole Concept and Stoichiometry | 12 | Sub-topics of Mole Concept — Click Here Avogadro’s number; mole concept; molar mass; Gay-Lussac’s law; molar volume at STP; percentage composition; empirical and molecular formula; stoichiometric calculations from balanced equations; limiting reagent. |
| 6 | Electrolysis | 8 | Electrolytes and non-electrolytes; electrolysis of water, dilute H₂SO₄, concentrated HCl, and brine; preferential discharge theory; electroplating; electro-refining; Faraday’s laws. |
| 7 | Metallurgy | 10 | Occurrence of metals; reactivity series; extraction of iron (blast furnace); extraction of aluminium (Bayer’s process + electrolysis); alloys (brass, bronze, stainless steel) — composition and uses; corrosion and prevention. |
| 8 | Study of Compounds: Ammonia and Nitric Acid | 10 | Sub-topics of Ammonia and Nitric Acid — Click Here Ammonia: laboratory preparation (NH₄Cl + Ca(OH)₂), Haber Process (conditions, temperature, pressure, catalyst), properties, uses (fertilisers, refrigerants); Nitric Acid: laboratory preparation (Cu + conc. HNO₃), Ostwald Process, properties of dilute and concentrated HNO₃, uses. |
| 9 | Study of Compounds: Sulphuric Acid and HCl | 10 | Sub-topics of Sulphuric Acid and HCl — Click Here Sulphuric Acid: Contact Process (conditions and stages), properties of dilute H₂SO₄ as an acid, properties of concentrated H₂SO₄ (dehydrating agent, oxidising agent), uses; Hydrogen Chloride: laboratory preparation, properties of HCl gas and hydrochloric acid, uses. |
| 10 | Organic Chemistry | 15 | Sub-topics of Organic Chemistry — Click Here Carbon’s tetravalency and catenation; hydrocarbons: alkanes (methane, ethane), alkenes (ethene), alkynes (ethyne); homologous series; IUPAC nomenclature; substitution reactions (alkanes); addition reactions (alkenes, alkynes); structural isomerism; ethanol: preparation by fermentation and hydration, properties, denatured spirit; ethanoic acid: preparation, properties, esterification. |
ICSE Chemistry Chapter-wise Weightage 2027
| Chapter | Approximate Marks |
|---|---|
| Study of Compounds (Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Sulphuric Acid, HCl) | 18–20 |
| Organic Chemistry | 13–15 |
| Mole Concept and Stoichiometry | 10–12 |
| Acids, Bases and Salts | 10–12 |
| Electrolysis | 7–9 |
| Metallurgy | 7–9 |
| Periodic Table and Chemical Bonding | 8–10 |
| Analytical Chemistry | 4–6 |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for Biology
Biology is Paper 3 of Science under Group II. The theory paper carries 80 marks (2 hours); practicals carry 20 marks. CISCE confirmed no chapter deletions in Biology for 2026–27 — the complete syllabus across all units is examinable. Draw all diagrams in pencil with correct, fully spelt labels.
Unit 1: Cell Biology
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Cell: The Unit of Life and Cell Division | Sub-topics of Cell Biology — Click Here Cell organelles and their functions: nucleus (chromatin, chromatid, centromere, gene), mitochondria, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, vacuoles, lysosomes; comparison of plant and animal cells; cell cycle: G1, S, G2, M phases; Mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and significance; Meiosis: significance as reduction division in reproduction; differences between mitosis and meiosis. |
Unit 2: Plant Physiology
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Absorption by Roots and Ascent of Sap | Water uptake by root hair cells; osmosis; diffusion; active and passive transport; root pressure; imbibition; cohesion-tension theory of ascent of sap. |
| Transpiration | Sub-topics of Transpiration — Click Here Types: stomatal, lenticular, cuticular; mechanism of stomatal opening and closing (guard cells, potassium ion movement); factors affecting transpiration: light, temperature, humidity, wind; wilting; potometer — use and principle; significance of transpiration; experiments to demonstrate transpiration. |
| Photosynthesis | Sub-topics of Photosynthesis — Click Here Definition and equation; raw materials (CO₂, water) and light energy; role of chlorophyll; light reactions and dark reactions (Calvin cycle) — overview; factors affecting rate (light intensity, CO₂, temperature, water); experiments: starch test, variegated leaf, light-dependent photosynthesis, CO₂ requirement; carbon cycle; significance for life on Earth. |
| Chemical Coordination in Plants | Sub-topics of Chemical Coordination — Click Here Plant growth regulators: auxins (IAA) — phototropism and apical dominance; gibberellins — stem elongation and seed germination; cytokinins — cell division; abscisic acid (ABA) — dormancy and wilting; ethylene — fruit ripening; tropic movements: phototropism, geotropism, thigmotropism, hydrotropism; nastic movements; practical applications (weedkillers, fruit ripening, tissue culture). |
Unit 3: Human Anatomy and Physiology
| Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|
| Circulatory System | Sub-topics of Circulatory System — Click Here Human heart: chambers, valves, major blood vessels (aorta, pulmonary artery/vein, vena cava); cardiac cycle; blood composition: plasma, RBCs, WBCs, platelets; ABO blood groups and Rh factor; arteries, veins, capillaries — differences; double circulation; lymphatic system; lymph nodes; disorders: hypertension, coronary artery disease. |
| Excretory System | Sub-topics of Excretory System — Click Here Excretory organs: kidneys, lungs, skin, liver; kidney: external structure, longitudinal section (cortex, medulla, pelvis); nephron: structure with diagram; urine formation: ultrafiltration, selective reabsorption, tubular secretion; normal and abnormal urine constituents; dialysis (haemodialysis); role of skin and liver in excretion; excretion in plants. |
| Nervous System | Sub-topics of Nervous System — Click Here Neuron: structure (cell body, axon, dendrites, myelin sheath, synaptic knobs); sensory, motor, and interneuron types; nerve impulse and synapse; brain: cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata — functions; spinal cord; peripheral nervous system; reflex action and reflex arc; sense organs: eye (structure, defects, correction), ear (structure and function). |
| Endocrine System | Sub-topics of Endocrine System — Click Here Endocrine glands and hormones: pituitary (GH, ADH, TSH, FSH, LH), thyroid (thyroxine), parathyroid (parathormone), adrenal (adrenaline, cortisol), pancreas (insulin and glucagon — blood sugar regulation), gonads; feedback mechanism; disorders: diabetes mellitus, goitre, dwarfism, gigantism. |
| Reproductive System | Male and female reproductive anatomy; spermatogenesis and oogenesis; menstrual cycle and hormonal control; fertilisation and implantation; placenta structure and functions; parturition; STIs and prevention. |
Units 4–7: Genetics, Evolution, Health, Population and Environment
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| Unit 4: Genetics | Heredity and Variation | Sub-topics of Genetics — Click Here Mendel’s experiments; Law of Dominance and Law of Segregation; monohybrid cross (Punnett square); phenotype and genotype; incomplete dominance; sex determination (XX/XY); sex-linked traits: haemophilia, colour blindness; hereditary diseases: haemophilia, sickle-cell anaemia, Down’s syndrome; mutation: definition and types. |
| Unit 5: Evolution | Theories and Evidence of Evolution | Evidences: fossil record, homologous and analogous organs, embryology; Lamarck’s use and disuse theory; Darwin’s natural selection; mutations in evolution; human evolution overview. |
| Unit 6: Health and Hygiene | Diseases and Immunity | Bacterial diseases: tuberculosis, cholera; Viral diseases: dengue, HIV/AIDS; protozoan diseases: malaria; vaccination; tobacco, alcohol, and drug abuse — physiological effects; cancer: types and causes. |
| Unit 7: Population and Environment | Population Growth and Environmental Issues | Human population growth; consequences (food shortage, unemployment, pollution); family planning; deforestation; air, water, and soil pollution; greenhouse effect; ozone depletion; biodiversity conservation; sustainable development. |
ICSE Biology Chapter-wise Weightage 2027
| Unit / Chapter | Topics | Approximate Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Human Anatomy and Physiology (Unit 3) | Circulatory, Excretory, Nervous, Endocrine, Reproductive Systems | 28–32 |
| Plant Physiology (Unit 2) | Absorption, Transpiration, Photosynthesis, Chemical Coordination | 12–16 |
| Genetics (Unit 4) | Mendel’s laws, sex-linked inheritance, mutation | 10–12 |
| Cell Biology (Unit 1) | Cell organelles, mitosis, meiosis | 8–10 |
| Health and Hygiene (Unit 6) | Diseases, immunity, substance abuse | 6–8 |
| Evolution (Unit 5) | Theories and evidence of evolution | 4–6 |
| Population and Environment (Unit 7) | Population growth, pollution, conservation | 4–6 |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for History & Civics
History & Civics is a combined compulsory Group I subject. The paper (80 marks, 2 hours) covers both Civics and History. Both sections are compulsory — you cannot skip either Civics or History. Internal assessment contributes 20 marks. CISCE revised this syllabus for 2026–27.
Part I: Civics
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The Union Parliament | Sub-topics of Union Parliament — Click Here Composition of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha; qualifications for membership; powers and functions; Speaker of Lok Sabha; Vice-President as Chairman of Rajya Sabha; legislative procedure: ordinary and money bills; joint sitting; Question Hour; no-confidence motion. |
| 2 | The Union Executive | President: election, qualifications, executive, legislative, judicial, and emergency powers; Vice-President’s role; Prime Minister’s appointment and powers; Council of Ministers; collective and individual responsibility. |
| 3 | The Judiciary | Supreme Court: composition, jurisdiction (original, appellate, advisory, writ); judicial review; High Courts: composition and jurisdiction; subordinate courts; independence of the judiciary; Public Interest Litigation (PIL). |
Part II: History
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Indian National Movement (1857–1947) | Sub-topics of Indian National Movement — Click Here First War of Independence (1857); growth of nationalism; formation of Indian National Congress (1885); Moderates (Gokhale) and Extremists (Tilak, Lal-Bal-Pal); Partition of Bengal (1905) and Swadeshi Movement; Home Rule Movement; Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22); Civil Disobedience Movement (1930–34); Quit India Movement (1942); role of Subhas Chandra Bose and the INA; Transfer of Power and Partition (1947). |
| 5 | World Wars and Contemporary History | Sub-topics of World History — Click Here World War I (1914–18): causes (alliance system, nationalism, imperialism, militarism, immediate cause), Treaty of Versailles; Rise of Fascism in Italy (Mussolini) and Nazism in Germany (Hitler); World War II (1939–45): causes, events, atomic bombs, consequences; United Nations Organisation: formation, structure, objectives, principal organs; Non-Aligned Movement: origin, Panchsheel, India’s role. |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for Geography
Geography is a compulsory Group I subject (80 marks, 2 hours) with 20 marks practical. The paper includes compulsory map work. CISCE revised the Geography syllabus for 2026–27 — download the official CISCE Geography PDF from cisce.org to confirm the complete current scope.
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Soils of India | Types: alluvial, black (regur), red and yellow, laterite, desert, mountain soils — formation, characteristics, distribution; soil erosion: causes and types; soil conservation: terracing, contour bunding, windbreaks, crop rotation. |
| 2 | Natural Vegetation of India | Forest types: tropical evergreen, tropical deciduous (teak, sal), tropical dry and scrub, montane, mangrove forests; economic importance; conservation and afforestation; impact of deforestation. |
| 3 | Water Resources | Sources: rivers, lakes, groundwater; multipurpose river valley projects (Bhakra Nangal, Hirakud, Damodar Valley, Nagarjunasagar); rainwater harvesting; water conservation. |
| 4 | Mineral and Energy Resources | Sub-topics of Mineral and Energy — Click Here Metallic minerals: iron ore, copper, bauxite, manganese — distribution and uses; non-metallic minerals: mica, limestone; conventional energy: coal, petroleum, natural gas; non-conventional energy: solar, wind, hydroelectric, biogas, tidal — India’s potential and importance. |
| 5 | Agriculture | Sub-topics of Agriculture — Click Here Types of farming: subsistence, commercial, plantation; kharif and rabi crops; food crops: rice, wheat, millets, pulses; cash crops: cotton, jute, sugarcane, oilseeds; plantation crops: tea, coffee, rubber; Green Revolution — impact and limitations; challenges in Indian agriculture. |
| 6 | Industries | Classification of industries; cotton textile (Mumbai–Ahmedabad belt, Coimbatore); iron and steel (Jamshedpur, Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur); IT industry (Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune, Chennai); factors of industrial location; industrial pollution and control. |
| 7 | Transport | Roadways (Golden Quadrilateral, National Highways); railways (zones, national integration); waterways (inland and coastal); airways (major airports); pipeline transport; importance for economic development. |
| 8 | Map Work | Location and marking of physical features, rivers, mountain ranges, cities, ports, industries, crop-producing regions, and mineral belts on a blank political map of India. |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for Economics
Economics (Code 231) is an elective Group II subject carrying 80 marks theory (2 hours) + 20 marks project work. CISCE has revised the Economics syllabus for 2027. The syllabus has six units covering production, demand and supply, markets, banking, inflation, and consumer protection. You should download the updated CISCE Economics PDF to confirm all sub-topic changes before preparing.
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| Unit 1 | The Productive Mechanism | Meaning of production; factors of production (land, labour, capital, enterprise) — definitions, characteristics, and roles in the economy. |
| Unit 2 | Theory of Demand and Supply | Sub-topics of Demand and Supply — Click Here Demand: demand curves, determinants of demand, law of demand, exceptions to the law of demand; change in quantity demanded vs. change in demand; Elasticity of Demand: concept, measurement methods (ratio method, expenditure method), degrees, factors affecting elasticity; Supply: determinants, stock concept, law of supply; Elasticity of Supply: concept, degrees, factors. |
| Unit 3 | Market | Meaning and classification of markets; types by degree of competition: perfect competition (features and pricing), monopoly (features, causes, advantages), monopolistic competition (features, product differentiation), oligopoly (features), monopsony. |
| Unit 4 | Banking in India | Sub-topics of Banking in India — Click Here Money: barter system limitations, evolution of money, forms (coins, paper, digital), qualities and functions; Commercial Banks: structure, types, functions (deposit acceptance, lending, credit creation), role in the economy; Central Bank (Reserve Bank of India): functions as banker’s bank, lender of last resort, note-issue authority; Monetary Policy: quantitative methods (bank rate, CRR, SLR, open market operations) and qualitative methods; Public Finance: meaning, nature, differences from private finance; Demonetisation: rationale and new economic policy components. |
| Unit 5 | Inflation | Definition and types of inflation (demand-pull, cost-push, creeping, galloping, hyperinflation); causes of inflation; effects of inflation on production, distribution, and different economic groups; price indices: Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Consumer Price Index (CPI) — construction and uses; measures to control inflation. |
| Unit 6 | Consumer Awareness | Factors leading to consumer exploitation; legal protections: Consumer Protection Act (COPRA), Right to Information Act (RTI); food adulteration — types and effects; consumer rights; standardisation bodies: ISI, Agmark, Hallmark; consumer grievance redressal mechanisms. |
ICSE Class X 2027 Syllabus for Computer Applications
Computer Applications (Code 221) is a popular Group II elective carrying 80 marks theory (2 hours) + 20 marks practical. The syllabus focuses on object-oriented programming using Java. Practise writing and debugging Java programs regularly — the practical component requires you to write programs from scratch within a time limit.
| Unit | Topics |
|---|---|
| 1. Introduction to OOP | Object-oriented concepts: class, object, inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, abstraction; Java program structure; compiling and running Java programs. |
| 2. Java Fundamentals | Data types; variables and constants; operators (arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise); expressions; control statements: if-else, switch; loops: for, while, do-while; break and continue. |
| 3. Class and Objects | Defining classes; constructors (default and parameterised); methods; access specifiers (public, private, protected); this keyword; static members and methods. |
| 4. Arrays and Strings | Single and double-dimensional arrays; array operations; searching (linear, binary); sorting (bubble sort, selection sort); String class methods (length(), charAt(), substring(), indexOf(), toUpperCase(), toLowerCase(), compareTo(), equals()). |
| 5. Inheritance | Single-level inheritance; super keyword; method overriding; polymorphism; difference between method overloading and method overriding. |
| 6. Exception Handling | Types of errors: syntax, runtime, logical; try-catch-finally blocks; throwing exceptions; user-defined exceptions (basic). |
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027: Deleted and Revised Topics
CISCE confirmed no Biology, Physics, Mathematics, English Language, or Computer Applications chapters were deleted for 2026–27. However, CISCE revised several other subjects and introduced entirely new subject options.
| Subject | Nature of Change | Details |
|---|---|---|
| History & Civics | Revised | Syllabus updated by CISCE for 2026–27; verify the exact revised content from the official CISCE PDF. |
| Geography | Revised | New content on climate change, conservation, and renewable energy added; confirm full scope from official CISCE PDF. |
| Chemistry | Revised | Chapter restructuring in select sections; confirm current scope from the CISCE 2026–27 Chemistry syllabus PDF. |
| Economics | Revised | Updated coverage across all six units; confirm sub-topic level changes from the official CISCE Economics PDF. |
| Economic Applications | Revised | Syllabus updated for 2026–27. |
| Commercial Studies | Revised | Content updated to reflect current commercial terminology and practices. |
| Applied Mathematics | New Subject (Code 885) | Designed for students targeting humanities, commerce, economics, and biosciences — an alternative to Mathematics (Code 211). |
| Artificial Intelligence | New Subject Added | Available as an elective under Group III for ICSE 2027. |
| Robotics | New Subject Added | Available as an elective for ICSE 2027; covers basic robotics concepts. |
| Modern English | New Subject Added | Introduced as an alternative to English Language for ICSE 2027; cannot be combined with English Language. |
| Mathematics, Physics, Biology, English, Computer Applications, Literature | No Change | Syllabus unchanged from the previous academic year; complete topic lists remain examinable. |
Best Books for ICSE Class X 2027
The Selina Concise series is the most widely recommended primary reference for ICSE Science and Mathematics. Use these alongside the CISCE-prescribed textbooks and the last 10 years of ICSE board papers.
| Subject | Book Name | Author / Publisher | Why This Book |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mathematics | Concise Mathematics Class X | R.K. Bansal / Selina Publications | Precisely aligned with CISCE syllabus; step-by-step worked examples and graded exercises for every chapter. |
| Mathematics | Understanding ICSE Mathematics Class X | M.L. Aggarwal / APC Publications | Covers all question types from easy to advanced; strong for Algebra and Coordinate Geometry. |
| Physics | Concise Physics Class X | Selina Publications | Covers all ICSE Physics units with solved numericals and board-pattern specimen paper practice. |
| Chemistry | Concise Chemistry Class X | R.D. Madan / Selina Publications | Covers all reaction equations and Mole Concept numericals; fully aligned for all 10 units. |
| Biology | Concise Biology Class X | Selina Publications | CISCE-prescribed; accurate labelled diagrams for all units; concise chapter summaries for efficient revision. |
| History & Civics | A New Approach to History and Civics Class X | I.C. Dhingra / Sultan Chand | Covers both Civics and History in depth; structured for long-answer board format. |
| Geography | ICSE Total Geography Class X | Morning Star Publishers | Strong on India-specific geography and map work practice with chapter-wise blank maps. |
| Economics | ICSE Economics for Class 10 | D.K. Sethi / Frank Brothers | Clear explanations of demand-supply theory and banking; includes structured chapter exercises. |
| Computer Applications | ICSE Computer Applications with BlueJ | Sumita Arora / Dhanpat Rai | Covers Java OOP concepts with extensive coding problems as per CISCE exam pattern. |
| English Language | All in One English Language ICSE Class 10 | Arihant Publications | Grammar practice sets and model compositions covering all writing format types. |
How to Download ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 PDF
Follow these steps to download the official ICSE 2027 syllabus PDF directly from CISCE.
- Visit the official CISCE website at cisce.org.
- Click on the "Publications" tab in the top navigation bar.
- Select "Regulations and Syllabuses" from the options listed.
- Choose "ICSE" to access the Class X syllabus section.
- Select the academic year 2026–27 from the dropdown.
- Click on the subject you need — the PDF opens in a new browser tab.
- Press Ctrl + S (Windows) or Cmd + S (Mac) to save the PDF to your device.
Note: You can also download the full "Regulations and Syllabuses for the ICSE" document, which contains all subject syllabi in a single PDF. Always download from cisce.org — third-party versions may contain outdated or incorrectly edited content.
ICSE Class X 2027 Preparation Tips
Use these subject-wise strategies to prepare effectively for the ICSE 2027 theory exams beginning 17 February 2027. As of August 2026, you have approximately six months — use them methodically.
English Language
- Practise formal letter, notice, report, and essay formats weekly — each format has fixed conventions that carry easy marks.
- Read quality newspapers daily to improve vocabulary and comprehension speed.
- Grammar carries 20 marks — sentence transformation is not optional; practise from at least 10 previous ICSE papers.
Mathematics
- Begin with Algebra — it carries 30–32 marks, the highest of any unit.
- Practise Coordinate Geometry and Matrices daily — both are high-scoring if you know the formulas and apply them correctly.
- Complete all exercises in the Selina Concise Mathematics book before starting specimen papers.
Physics
- Focus on Light and Electricity together — they account for approximately 30 marks.
- Practise numericals on Ohm’s Law, series-parallel circuits, and the lens formula daily.
- Draw neat, labelled ray and circuit diagrams — these carry dedicated marks and distinguish average scorers from high scorers.
Chemistry
- Memorise all balanced chemical equations — marks are deducted for unbalanced equations in every section.
- Practise Mole Concept numericals every alternate day — calculation accuracy is essential.
- Study ammonia, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, and HCl preparation completely — these chapters carry 18–20 marks every year.
Biology
- Draw and label diagrams of the heart, kidney, nephron, brain, eye, and ear from memory at least twice before the exam.
- Practise all Genetics problems (Punnett squares, sex-linked crosses) — at least 15 problems from varied question types.
- Chemical Coordination in Plants (auxins, gibberellins, tropic movements) is a high-frequency topic — cover it thoroughly.
- Do not skip Photosynthesis and Transpiration — they regularly carry 10–12 marks combined.
History & Civics
- Write point-wise answers with dates and names — ICSE rewards organised, factual answers.
- Create flowchart notes for Parliament, the Executive, and the Judiciary for quick revision.
- For History, use cause–consequence–significance frameworks when answering questions on World Wars I and II.
Geography
- Mark rivers, mountain ranges, cities, industries, and crops on blank India maps every week — map work is compulsory in the exam.
- Agriculture and Industries carry the most marks among India geography chapters — use a location-factor-example framework for each.
- Study the revised 2026–27 Geography syllabus; new content on renewable energy and conservation has been added.
Economics
- Understand the Law of Demand and Supply thoroughly — elasticity, determinants, and distinction between change in demand vs. quantity demanded appear every year.
- Make a comparison chart of Commercial Banks vs. the Central Bank — banking questions test precise recall of functions.
- Inflation (Unit 5) asks you to explain effects on specific economic groups — prepare structured paragraph answers, not just definitions.
- Consumer Awareness is a straightforward unit — cover it completely to secure full marks on those questions.
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 FAQs
Ques. Is the ICSE 2027 syllabus the same as the 2026 syllabus?
Ans. The ICSE 2027 syllabus is largely the same as 2026 for most subjects. CISCE revised specific subjects — History & Civics, Geography, Chemistry, Economics, Economic Applications, and Commercial Studies — for the 2026–27 cycle. Subjects including Mathematics, Physics, Biology, Computer Applications, English Language, and Literature in English remain unchanged. Download the official CISCE 2026–27 syllabus PDF for each subject from cisce.org to confirm the current scope.
Ques. Has any Biology chapter been deleted in the ICSE 2027 syllabus?
Ans. No. CISCE confirmed no chapter or sub-topic deletions in ICSE Biology for the 2026–27 cycle. All units — Cell Biology, Plant Physiology (including Chemical Coordination in Plants), Human Anatomy and Physiology, Genetics, Evolution, Health and Hygiene, and Population and Environment — are fully prescribed and examinable. Students must prepare the complete Biology syllabus.
Ques. When do the ICSE 2027 theory examinations begin and end?
Ans. The ICSE 2027 theory examinations begin on 17 February 2027 with English Language Paper 1 and end on 30 March 2027 with Environmental Science. Most papers start at 11:00 AM, with 15 minutes of reading time given from 10:45 AM. Art papers begin at 9:00 AM. The official timetable was released by CISCE on 13 November 2025 and is available at cisce.org.
Ques. Where can I download the official ICSE 2027 syllabus PDF?
Ans. Download the ICSE 2027 syllabus PDF from the CISCE official website at cisce.org. Navigate to "Publications" → "Regulations and Syllabuses" → "ICSE" and select the academic year 2026–27. Each subject has a separate downloadable PDF with the full prescribed topic list and marking scheme.
Ques. What is the ICSE 2027 Economics syllabus about?
Ans. The ICSE Class X Economics syllabus 2027 (revised by CISCE for 2026–27) covers six units: Unit 1 — The Productive Mechanism (factors of production); Unit 2 — Theory of Demand and Supply (law of demand, elasticity, law of supply); Unit 3 — Market (perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly); Unit 4 — Banking in India (money, commercial banks, RBI, monetary policy, demonetisation); Unit 5 — Inflation (types, causes, price indices WPI and CPI); Unit 6 — Consumer Awareness (COPRA, RTI, consumer rights, standardisation). The paper carries 80 marks theory + 20 marks project work.
Ques. Which subject has the highest marks in ICSE Class X?
Ans. All Group I and Group II subjects carry 100 marks each (80 theory + 20 internal assessment). No single subject has more marks than another. However, within subjects, Biology’s Unit 3 (Human Anatomy and Physiology) carries approximately 28–32 marks out of 80, making it the highest-weighted unit within any ICSE paper. The overall ICSE percentage is calculated on your best five subjects, including compulsory English Language.
Ques. Is Chemical Coordination in Plants part of the ICSE 2027 Biology syllabus?
Ans. Yes. Chemical Coordination in Plants is part of Unit 2 (Plant Physiology) in the ICSE 2027 Biology syllabus. It covers plant growth regulators: auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid (ABA), and ethylene — their roles and effects. It also covers tropic movements (phototropism, geotropism, thigmotropism, hydrotropism) and nastic movements. This is a frequently tested Biology topic.
Ques. What are the most important chapters in ICSE Class X Chemistry for 2027?
Ans. The highest-weightage Chemistry units are Study of Compounds — Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Sulphuric Acid, and HCl (approximately 18–20 marks combined), Organic Chemistry (13–15 marks), and Mole Concept and Stoichiometry (10–12 marks). Together these three clusters account for over half the 80-mark theory paper. Practise writing balanced equations for all reactions under Study of Compounds — they appear in both Section A and Section B every year.
Ques. Is ICSE harder than CBSE at Class X level?
Ans. ICSE is more detailed and writing-intensive than CBSE at Class X. ICSE covers more compulsory subjects, requires descriptive long-format answers in all papers, and places a stronger emphasis on application-based questions and diagram drawing. CBSE grades on a relative scale, making high percentage scores statistically easier to achieve. Both boards are equally recognised by Indian universities for undergraduate admissions.
Ques. How many subjects do ICSE students appear in for Class X?
Ans. ICSE students appear in a minimum of seven subjects: all Group I subjects (English Language, Literature in English, Second Language, History & Civics, Geography), at least two electives from Group II (such as Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Economics, or Computer Applications), and one subject from Group III. Many students opt for eight or more subjects.
Ques. How should you cover the full ICSE 2027 syllabus in six months?
Ans. With exams starting 17 February 2027 and today being August 2026, divide preparation into three phases. Phase 1 (August–October 2026): Complete the full syllabus for all subjects, chapter by chapter. Prioritise Biology, Chemistry, and History for their volume of content. Phase 2 (November–December 2026): Begin subject-wise revision; complete internal assessments; attempt subject-wise mock tests. Phase 3 (January–February 2027): Solve the last five years of ICSE board papers in full timed conditions; focus remaining time on weak chapters and all diagrams/formulae.
Ques. What new subjects were introduced for ICSE 2027?
Ans. CISCE introduced five new subjects for ICSE 2027: Applied Mathematics (Code 885), designed for students planning careers in humanities, commerce, economics, and biosciences; Artificial Intelligence; Robotics; Modern English (an alternative to English Language — cannot be combined with English Language); and Bhutia Language. Applied Mathematics runs parallel to traditional Mathematics (Code 211) — students may choose either one but not both.
Source: Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE)
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
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