ICSE Class 10 Syllabus 2027: Revised Syllabus, Subject Wise PDF Download and Deleted Topics

Narrative essay, descriptive essay, expository essay, argumentative or discursive essay; formal letter (to editor, to authorities, applications); informal letter (personal correspondence); email writing; notice writing; report writing. You must write one composition from a choice of topics.

Unseen prose passage(s); answering questions in your own words; vocabulary in context; summary or précis writing; note-making with a given heading structure

Transformation of sentences; joining sentences using conjunctions; active and passive voice; direct and indirect (reported) speech; prepositions; degrees of comparison; tense forms; punctuation; word formation; idioms and phrases in context

One prescribed play (e.g., a Shakespearean text such as The Merchant of Venice or Macbeth, or an Indian drama as specified by CISCE for the 2027 cycle). Questions test plot comprehension, character analysis, themes, dramatic devices, and language. Verify the exact prescribed text from the official CISCE 2027 syllabus document at cisce.org.

A collection of short stories prescribed by CISCE. Questions cover plot, character, theme, narrative style, and contextual reference. Each story must be read in full. Verify the prescribed anthology title from the official CISCE 2027 syllabus.

A selection of poems from the prescribed ICSE poetry anthology. Questions test literary devices (metaphor, simile, alliteration, imagery), theme, tone, mood, and appreciation of poetic structure. Verify the prescribed poem list from the official CISCE 2027 publication at cisce.org.

CISCE prescribes specific Hindi prose and poetry texts for Class X. Commonly prescribed books include Sahitya Sagar (prose anthology) and Ekaanki Sanchay (drama collection). Verify the exact prescribed titles from the official CISCE 2027 syllabus publication at cisce.org, as prescribed books may vary by cycle.

Goods and Services Tax (GST): calculation, input tax credit, billing problems; Banking: compound interest, recurring deposits (RD) — maturity value, fixed deposits; Shares and Dividends: face value, market value, dividend calculation, yield, return on investment

Linear Inequations in one variable (number line representation); Quadratic equations — factorisation method, quadratic formula, nature of roots; Ratio and proportion — properties, componendo-dividendo; Remainder and Factor Theorem; Factorisation of polynomials; Matrices — order, types, addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication, matrix multiplication; Arithmetic Progression (AP) — nth term, sum to n terms; Geometric Progression (GP) — nth term, sum; Coordinate Geometry — distance formula, section formula (internal division), midpoint, centroid, area of a triangle, equation of a straight line in slope-intercept form (y = mx + c) and slope-point form

Similarity of triangles (AA, SAS, SSS criteria); ratio of areas of similar triangles; Loci — standard theorems and constructions; Circles — arc, chord, angle properties, cyclic quadrilateral properties; Tangents and secants from an external point — tangent-radius relationship, equal length of tangents from an external point

Curved surface area, total surface area, and volume of cylinder, cone, sphere, and hemisphere; converting one solid into another; problems involving combinations of two solids

Trigonometric identities — proof and application; complementary angle relationships; heights and distances — angles of elevation and depression; two-step problems using sin, cos, tan standard values

Mean — direct method, assumed mean method, step deviation method (grouped data); Median — formula method; Mode — modal class and formula; Cumulative frequency table; Ogive (less-than and more-than types); estimating median from ogive; Histogram

Random experiments; sample space and events; classical definition: P(E) = favourable outcomes / total outcomes; simple problems on tossing coins, rolling dice, drawing cards from a deck

Turning effect of forces; moment of a force; principle of moments; conditions of equilibrium; centre of gravity; uniform circular motion — centripetal force (concept only)

Work done by a force; energy types — kinetic energy, potential energy; law of conservation of energy; power and its units; commercial unit of energy (kWh); renewable energy sources: hydroelectric, wind, solar (brief)

Levers: Class I, II, and III; mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, efficiency; everyday examples; Pulleys: single fixed, single movable, block and tackle system; ideal and actual mechanical advantage; inclined plane (brief)

Refraction at a plane surface; laws of refraction (Snell’s law); refractive index; total internal reflection; critical angle; applications (optical fibre, mirage, prism); Lenses: convex and concave; rules for ray diagrams; image formation for various object positions; sign convention; lens formula (1/v – 1/u = 1/f); magnification; power of a lens; human eye defects (myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia) and corrective lenses

Electromagnetic spectrum — wavelength order; visible spectrum and colours; dispersion through a prism; recombination; scattering of light — Tyndall effect; blue colour of the sky; red colour of the rising and setting sun

Reflection of sound; echo conditions; reverberation; natural vibrations and resonance; forced vibrations; characteristics of sound: loudness (amplitude), pitch (frequency), quality (waveform); ultrasound — properties and applications (SONAR, medical imaging)

Ohm’s Law; resistance; factors affecting resistance; resistors in series and parallel; internal resistance of a cell; EMF vs terminal voltage; electrical power and energy; domestic electric circuits (fuse, earthing, MCB); magnetic effect of current; force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field; Fleming’s left-hand rule; DC electric motor (principle and working); electromagnetic induction; Fleming’s right-hand rule; AC generator (principle and working); transformer — step-up and step-down (brief)

Heat and temperature; heat capacity; specific heat capacity; principle of calorimetry; change of state; latent heat; specific latent heat of fusion and vaporisation; thermal radiation; Newton’s law of cooling (qualitative)

Structure of nucleus; proton number and mass number; isotopes; radioactivity; alpha, beta, gamma radiation — nature, properties, penetrating power, ionising ability; half-life (concept and simple calculations); nuclear fission and fusion (brief); nuclear energy; safety precautions; background radiation

Mendeleev’s periodic table and its limitations; modern periodic law; periods and groups; periodic trends — atomic size, ionisation energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic and non-metallic character

Electrovalent (ionic) bonding; electron transfer; covalent bonding; electron sharing; single, double, and triple bonds; coordinate (dative) bonding; properties of ionic vs covalent compounds; polar and non-polar covalent bonds

Arrhenius theory; Brønsted-Lowry concept (brief); strong and weak acids; pH scale; indicators; neutralisation; types of salts — normal, acidic, basic, double, mixed; preparation of salts by direct combination, displacement, double decomposition, and neutralisation

Action of NH₄OH and NaOH on salt solutions; identification of cations: Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ca²⁺; identification of anions: CO₃²⁻, SO₄²⁻, Cl⁻, NO₃⁻

Mole concept; Avogadro’s number; molar mass; stoichiometric calculations from balanced equations; percentage composition; empirical and molecular formula; Gay-Lussac’s Law of Combining Volumes

Electrolytes and non-electrolytes; electrolysis of molten NaCl, dilute sulphuric acid, dilute HCl, copper sulphate solution (copper and platinum electrodes); preferential discharge of ions; Faraday’s laws (qualitative); electroplating; industrial applications

Occurrence of metals; general extraction: concentration of ore, roasting, smelting, refining; extraction of aluminium (Hall-Héroult electrolytic process); extraction of iron (blast furnace); alloys — brass, bronze, steel, stainless steel, duralumin (composition and uses)

Ammonia: laboratory preparation, Haber Process (industrial), physical and chemical properties, uses; Nitric Acid: laboratory preparation, Ostwald Process, properties, uses; Sulphuric Acid: Contact Process, concentrated vs dilute properties, uses; Hydrogen Chloride: laboratory preparation, properties, reaction with ammonia

Introduction to organic chemistry; hydrocarbons: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes — IUPAC nomenclature (up to 4 carbons), structural formulae, general properties; methane, ethane, ethene, ethyne — preparation and properties; alcohols (ethanol): preparation, properties, uses; carboxylic acids (acetic acid): properties, uses; reaction types — addition (alkenes), substitution (alkanes), oxidation; green chemistry concepts — atom economy, waste minimisation, safer solvents (new content for 2027)

Cell division: mitosis (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase — significance in growth and repair), meiosis (stages and significance in gamete formation); Genetics: Mendel’s laws of inheritance (Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment), monohybrid and dihybrid ratios, dominant and recessive traits; sex determination in humans (XX/XY); chromosomes and DNA structure (brief)

Absorption by roots: osmosis, plasmolysis, active transport, root pressure; Transpiration: stomata structure and function, factors affecting transpiration rate, xerophyte adaptations; Photosynthesis: light and dark reactions (brief), raw materials and products, factors affecting rate, significance; Respiration in plants: aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration (fermentation), comparison with photosynthesis

Nutrition and Digestion: digestive system structure, enzymes (amylase, pepsin, lipase, trypsin), absorption in small intestine; Respiration: respiratory system, breathing mechanism, gaseous exchange at alveoli; Circulation: heart structure, systemic and pulmonary circulation, blood composition (RBC, WBC, platelets, plasma), blood groups and transfusion; Excretion: kidney structure, nephron, urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, secretion); Nervous System: CNS and PNS, neuron structure, reflex arc, sense organs (eye, ear — brief); Endocrine System: pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas (insulin and glucagon), gonads — hormones and functions; Reproductive System: male and female systems, fertilisation, placenta and its functions, menstrual cycle (brief)

Human population growth and consequences; population control methods; ecosystem — biotic and abiotic components, food chains and food webs, energy flow; biodiversity and its importance; pollution types — air, water, soil, noise: causes, effects, and control; conservation of wildlife and forests; ozone layer depletion; global warming and climate change; the 3Rs — reduce, reuse, recycle

Conventional: thermal power (coal-based), hydroelectric power (Bhakra Nangal, Hirakud, Nagarjunasagar), nuclear power (Tarapur, Kalpakkam, Kudankulam); Renewable: solar energy — India’s National Solar Mission, solar parks (Rajasthan); wind energy — Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat; tidal and geothermal energy (brief); biogas plants; advantages and limitations of renewable energy; India’s climate commitments and energy transition goals — new content for 2027

Food crops: rice (West Bengal, UP, Punjab — conditions and cultivation), wheat (northern plains, Punjab, Haryana), millets, pulses; Cash crops: cotton (black soil, Deccan — Maharashtra, Gujarat), jute (West Bengal, Assam), sugarcane (UP, Maharashtra), tea (Assam, Darjeeling, Nilgiris), coffee (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Green Revolution impact; organic farming and challenges