ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 is published by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) on its official website at cisce.org. The syllabus covers all compulsory and elective subjects for the 2026-27 academic year. You should download the official ICSE 2027 syllabus PDF from cisce.org and map every chapter against your school timetable before you start preparing.
- The ICSE Class X 2027 syllabus spans three groups: Group I (English Language, English Literature, Second Language), Group II (Mathematics, Science, History & Civics, Geography), and Group III (electives such as Computer Applications).
- The ICSE 2027 syllabus is stable — CISCE has not announced any additions or reductions compared to the previous year’s full syllabus.
- Mathematics carries 80 marks in theory. High-weightage areas include Algebra, Geometry, Statistics, and Commercial Mathematics.
- Each Science subject — Physics, Chemistry, and Biology — is worth 80 marks for theory and 20 marks for practicals, totalling 100 marks per subject.
- The official ICSE syllabus PDF is available at cisce.org/publications.aspx under the "Regulations and Syllabuses" section.
- Computer Applications (Group III) is Java-based. It focuses on Object-Oriented Programming, Arrays, String Handling, and Inheritance.
- The ICSE 2027 board exams are expected to begin from February 2027, based on the historical CISCE examination timetable pattern.
Cross-reference every chapter in this article with the official CISCE syllabus PDF — prescribed texts for English Literature change annually and must be verified from cisce.org.
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027: Subject-wise PDF Downloads
CISCE publishes all subject syllabi in one document called "Regulations and Syllabuses." You can access it directly from the official publications page linked below.
| Subject | ICSE Syllabus PDF Link |
|---|---|
| English Language (Paper 1) | ICSE English Language Syllabus PDF |
| English Literature in English (Paper 2) | ICSE English Literature Syllabus PDF |
| Mathematics | ICSE Mathematics Syllabus PDF |
| Physics | ICSE Physics Syllabus PDF |
| Chemistry | ICSE Chemistry Syllabus PDF |
| Biology | ICSE Biology Syllabus PDF |
| History & Civics | ICSE History & Civics Syllabus PDF |
| Geography | ICSE Geography Syllabus PDF |
| Computer Applications | ICSE Computer Applications Syllabus PDF |
| Hindi (Second Language) | ICSE Hindi Syllabus PDF |
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027: Overview
The ICSE Class X examination is conducted by CISCE, headquartered in New Delhi. Students appearing in the 2027 board exams belong to the 2026-27 academic batch. The exam tests both theoretical understanding and practical application across a wide range of subjects.
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Examination Name | Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) |
| Conducting Body | Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) |
| Official Website | cisce.org |
| Academic Year | 2026-27 |
| Class | X (10th Standard) |
| Group I – Compulsory | English Language, English Literature in English, and one Second Language |
| Group II – Any Two | History & Civics, Geography, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology |
| Group III – Any One Elective | Computer Applications, Economic Applications, Commercial Applications, Art, Home Science, Physical Education, Yoga, etc. |
| Theory Marks (Most Subjects) | 80 marks |
| Internal Assessment / Practicals | 20 marks (for Science, Language, and most elective subjects) |
| Minimum Pass Marks | 33% in each subject; 35% in aggregate |
| Medium of Examination | English |
| Syllabus Issuing Authority | CISCE, New Delhi |
ICSE Class X 2027: Important Dates
The dates below are based on CISCE’s historical examination schedule for ICSE Class X. You must check cisce.org for the official 2027 timetable once CISCE releases it — typically in the third quarter of the preceding year.
| Event | Expected Date (2027) | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Practical / Internal Assessment | January 2027 | Upcoming |
| ICSE Theory Exams Begin | 3rd Week, February 2027 | Upcoming |
| ICSE Theory Exams End | Last Week, March 2027 | Upcoming |
| ICSE 2027 Result Declaration | May 2027 | Upcoming |
| ICSE 2027 Syllabus PDF Available | Available Now on cisce.org | Released |
ICSE English Language Syllabus 2027 (Paper 1)
The English Language paper tests your written expression, reading comprehension, and grammar usage. The paper carries 80 marks for the written examination and 20 marks for the internal oral assessment. Section A focuses on composition, Section B on reading, and Section C on grammar in context.
| Section | Component | Topics Covered |
|---|---|---|
| Section A (30 marks) | Composition | Writing tasks — Click Here Formal and informal letter writing; Report writing; Speech writing; Diary entry; Narrative essay; Descriptive essay; Biographical sketch. |
| Section B (20 marks) | Reading Comprehension | Comprehension tasks — Click Here Unseen prose passage; Factual and inferential comprehension questions; Note-making or summary writing in the student’s own words. |
| Section C (30 marks) | Grammar in Context | Grammar tasks — Click Here Sentence transformation; Error correction and editing; Tenses; Prepositions and determiners; Connectors and conjunctions; Active and passive voice; Direct and indirect speech; Clauses (noun, adjective, adverb). |
| Internal Assessment (20 marks) | Oral English | Reading aloud; Conversation; Listening comprehension (conducted by the school) |
ICSE English Literature Syllabus 2027 (Paper 2)
The English Literature paper carries 80 marks and tests your understanding of prescribed prose, poetry, and drama texts. CISCE prescribes specific books each year — check cisce.org for the exact texts prescribed for the 2027 examination. Questions are text-specific and include character analysis, theme identification, and appreciation of literary devices.
| Section | Genre | Focus Areas |
|---|---|---|
| Section A | Drama (Shakespeare) | Drama topics — Click Here Plot comprehension; Character study (major and minor characters); Theme analysis; Extract-based questions; Significance of scenes; Language and dramatic techniques. |
| Section B | Prose / Short Stories | Prose topics — Click Here Story comprehension; Character motivation and development; Setting and atmosphere; Central theme; Author’s message and narrative style; Comparison between stories. |
| Section C | Poetry | Poetry topics — Click Here Poem comprehension; Figures of speech (simile, metaphor, personification, alliteration, onomatopoeia); Rhyme scheme; Mood and tone; Central idea; Extract-based appreciation questions. |
| Internal Assessment (20 marks) | School-assessed | Portfolio of written responses; Reading and appreciation activities (assessed internally by the school) |
ICSE Mathematics Syllabus 2027
The Mathematics paper is 2 hours 30 minutes long and carries 80 marks for theory. Section A (40 marks) is compulsory; Section B requires you to attempt any four out of seven questions, also worth 40 marks. Both sections draw from the same topic list below.
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Commercial Mathematics | GST, Banking, Shares & Dividends | Sub-topics — Click Here Goods and Services Tax (GST); Computation of tax (CGST, SGST, IGST); Recurring Deposit accounts (simple problems); Shares and dividends (face value, market value, dividend percentage, yield). |
| 2. Algebra | Linear Inequations, Quadratic Equations, Ratio & Proportion, Factorization, Matrices, AP and GP | Sub-topics — Click Here Linear inequations in one variable (solution on number line); Quadratic equations by factorization and formula; Ratio and proportion (componendo, dividendo, alternendo); Factorization of polynomials; Order 2×2 matrices (addition, subtraction, multiplication); Arithmetic Progressions (nth term, sum to n terms); Geometric Progressions (nth term, sum to n terms). |
| 3. Coordinate Geometry | Reflection, Section Formula, Equation of a Line | Sub-topics — Click Here Reflection of a point in x-axis, y-axis, and origin; Section and midpoint formula; Distance between two points; Centroid of a triangle; Slope of a line; Equation of a line (slope-intercept, point-slope forms); Parallel and perpendicular lines. |
| 4. Geometry | Similarity, Loci, Circles, Constructions | Sub-topics — Click Here Similarity axioms (AA, SAS, SSS); Ratio of areas of similar triangles; Loci (equidistant from two points, from two lines, from a line, combined loci); Tangent to a circle (properties, tangent from external point); Chord properties (equal chords, angle in semicircle); Angles subtended by arc; Cyclic quadrilateral; Construction of tangent, median, and circumscribed/inscribed circles. |
| 5. Mensuration | Cylinder, Cone, Sphere | Sub-topics — Click Here Surface area and volume of a cylinder (solid and hollow); Cone (right circular); Sphere and hemisphere; Combined solids (e.g., cylinder with hemispherical ends). |
| 6. Trigonometry | Identities, Heights and Distances | Sub-topics — Click Here Trigonometric identities (sin²θ + cos²θ = 1 and derived forms); Complementary angles; Heights and distances problems (angle of elevation and depression). |
| 7. Statistics | Mean, Median, Mode, Ogive | Sub-topics — Click Here Mean by direct and step-deviation method (grouped and ungrouped data); Median by formula and graphically (Ogive); Mode from histogram; Drawing and interpreting histograms, frequency polygons, and cumulative frequency curves. |
| 8. Probability | Basic Probability | Random experiments; Sample space; Event; Probability of an event; Complement of an event; Simple problems. |
ICSE Mathematics 2027: Chapter-wise Weightage
| Chapter | Approx. Marks | Approx. Weightage |
|---|---|---|
| Algebra (Linear Inequations, Quadratic, Matrices, AP/GP) | 18–22 | 22–27% |
| Geometry (Similarity, Loci, Circles, Construction) | 14–18 | 17–22% |
| Coordinate Geometry | 8–10 | 10–12% |
| Statistics | 8–10 | 10–12% |
| Trigonometry | 6–8 | 8–10% |
| Mensuration | 6–8 | 8–10% |
| Commercial Mathematics | 6–8 | 8–10% |
| Probability | 4–6 | 5–8% |
ICSE Physics Syllabus 2027
The Physics paper carries 80 marks for theory (2 hours) and 20 marks for practicals. Numericals are asked from Force, Light, Electricity, and Calorimetry — practise these consistently to secure full marks.
| Topic | Chapter | Key Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Force | Sub-topics — Click Here Turning effect of a force; Moment of a force; Couple and moment of a couple; Equilibrium of bodies; Centre of gravity; Uniform circular motion; Centripetal force; Concept of satellite motion. |
| 2 | Work, Energy and Power | Sub-topics — Click Here Work done by a constant force; Energy (kinetic and potential); Principle of conservation of energy; Power; Electrical and other forms of energy; Transformation and conservation examples. |
| 3 | Machines | Sub-topics — Click Here Lever — classes (I, II, III), mechanical advantage (MA), velocity ratio (VR), efficiency; Pulley — single fixed, single movable, block and tackle; Inclined plane (brief). |
| 4 | Refraction of Light at Plane Surfaces | Sub-topics — Click Here Laws of refraction; Refractive index; Critical angle; Total internal reflection; Applications (optical fibre, mirage); Real and apparent depth; Relation between refractive index and critical angle. |
| 5 | Refraction through a Lens | Sub-topics — Click Here Convex and concave lenses; Ray diagrams for image formation; Sign convention; Lens formula; Magnification; Power of a lens; Simple microscope and telescope (principle only). |
| 6 | Spectrum | Dispersion of white light through a prism; Colours of the spectrum; Recombination; Electromagnetic spectrum (types and uses); Scattering of light (blue sky, red sunset). |
| 7 | Sound | Sub-topics — Click Here Reflection of sound; Echo; Conditions for echo; Uses of echoes (SONAR, depth sounding); Natural frequency; Resonance; Musical instruments (brief). |
| 8 | Current Electricity | Sub-topics — Click Here Ohm’s Law; Resistance; Resistors in series and parallel; EMF; Internal resistance; Kirchhoff’s Laws (statement only); Electrical energy and power; Commercial unit of electrical energy (kWh). |
| 9 | Household Electricity and Safety | Main supply; Two-pin and three-pin plugs; Fuse; MCB; Earthing; Overloading; Safe usage of electrical appliances. |
| 10 | Electromagnetism | Sub-topics — Click Here Magnetic field due to a current-carrying straight conductor and solenoid; Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule; Force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field; DC motor (principle); Electromagnetic induction; Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule; AC generator; Transformer (step-up and step-down). |
| 11 | Calorimetry | Heat capacity; Specific heat capacity; Latent heat (fusion and vaporisation); Calorimetry calculations; Principle of calorimetry. |
| 12 | Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy | Sub-topics — Click Here Alpha, beta, and gamma radiations (nature and properties); Background radiation; Radioactive decay; Half-life (qualitative); Nuclear fission; Chain reaction; Nuclear fusion; Nuclear energy — uses and hazards; Radiation safety. |
ICSE Physics 2027: Chapter-wise Weightage
| Chapter | Approx. Marks | Approx. Weightage |
|---|---|---|
| Current Electricity and Household Electricity | 14–18 | 17–22% |
| Electromagnetism | 10–14 | 12–17% |
| Refraction (Plane Surfaces and Lens) | 12–16 | 15–20% |
| Force and Machines | 10–14 | 12–17% |
| Calorimetry | 6–8 | 8–10% |
| Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy | 6–8 | 8–10% |
| Sound and Spectrum | 4–8 | 5–10% |
| Work, Energy and Power | 4–6 | 5–8% |
ICSE Chemistry Syllabus 2027
The Chemistry paper carries 80 marks for theory (2 hours) and 20 marks for practicals. Mole Concept, Electrolysis, and Study of Compounds carry the highest combined weight — thorough practice of equations and calculations is essential.
| Topic | Chapter | Key Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Periodic Table and Periodic Properties | Sub-topics — Click Here Modern periodic table (periods and groups); Periodic trends — atomic radius, ionization energy, electron affinity, electronegativity, metallic and non-metallic character; Dobereiner’s Triads; Newlands’ Law of Octaves; Mendeleev’s Periodic Table; Modern (Long form) Periodic Table. |
| 2 | Chemical Bonding | Sub-topics — Click Here Ionic (electrovalent) bonding — formation, examples (NaCl, MgO); Covalent bonding — single, double, triple bonds, examples (H₂, O₂, N₂, HCl, H₂O); Coordinate (dative) bond; Electrovalency and covalency; Molecular structures. |
| 3 | Study of Acids, Bases and Salts | Sub-topics — Click Here Properties of acids and bases; Indicators (litmus, phenolphthalein, methyl orange); pH scale; Neutralisation; Preparation of salts (titration, direct combination, double decomposition, reaction with metal/metal oxide/carbonate); Acid salts and normal salts. |
| 4 | Analytical Chemistry | Sub-topics — Click Here Action of NH₄OH on salts: Cu²⁺ (blue precipitate, soluble in excess), Zn²⁺ (white precipitate, soluble in excess), Fe³⁺ (reddish-brown), Fe²⁺ (green), Al³⁺ (white), Pb²⁺ (white); Action of NaOH on same salts; Identification of common gases (CO₂, NH₃, Cl₂, H₂S, SO₂, HCl, H₂). |
| 5 | Mole Concept and Stoichiometry | Sub-topics — Click Here Gay-Lussac’s Law of combining volumes; Avogadro’s Law; Mole — definition and significance; Molar mass; Molar volume at STP (22.4 L); Calculations involving moles, masses, and volumes; Molecular and empirical formula (from percentage composition). |
| 6 | Electrolysis | Sub-topics — Click Here Definitions (electrolyte, electrolysis, electrode, anode, cathode, ion); Electrolysis of acidulated water; Dilute H₂SO₄; CuSO₄ solution (with copper and platinum electrodes); Brine (NaCl solution); Applications — electroplating, electrorefining, extraction of metals. |
| 7 | Metallurgy | Sub-topics — Click Here Minerals and ores; Concentration of ore (froth flotation, magnetic separation, gravity separation); Reduction methods (smelting, calcination, roasting); Refining; Extraction of Iron (blast furnace reactions); Extraction of Aluminium (electrolytic reduction of bauxite); Extraction of Copper (pyrometallurgy). |
| 8 | Study of Compounds | HCl, NH₃, HNO₃, H₂SO₄ — Click Here Hydrogen Chloride (HCl): Lab preparation from NaCl + conc. H₂SO₄; Properties (gas and aqueous); Test for HCl gas and hydrochloric acid. |
| 9 | Organic Chemistry | Sub-topics — Click Here Hydrocarbons — introduction; Alkanes (methane — structure, combustion, substitution); Alkenes (ethene — structure, addition reactions); Alkynes (acetylene — structure, uses); Ethanol (preparation from fermentation, properties, denatured spirit, uses). |
ICSE Chemistry 2027: Chapter-wise Weightage
| Chapter | Approx. Marks | Approx. Weightage |
|---|---|---|
| Study of Compounds (HCl, NH₃, HNO₃, H₂SO₄) | 14–18 | 17–22% |
| Mole Concept and Stoichiometry | 10–14 | 12–17% |
| Electrolysis | 8–12 | 10–15% |
| Acids, Bases and Salts | 8–10 | 10–12% |
| Periodic Table and Chemical Bonding | 8–10 | 10–12% |
| Metallurgy | 6–8 | 8–10% |
| Analytical Chemistry | 6–8 | 8–10% |
| Organic Chemistry | 6–8 | 8–10% |
ICSE Biology Syllabus 2027
The Biology paper carries 80 marks for theory (2 hours) and 20 marks for project or practical work. Human Anatomy and Physiology is the highest-weightage section — diagrams of the kidney, brain, heart, and reproductive organs are frequently asked.
| Topic | Chapter | Key Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cell Division | Sub-topics — Click Here Mitosis — stages (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase), significance; Meiosis — stages (meiosis I and II), significance; Differences between mitosis and meiosis. |
| 2 | Genetics | Sub-topics — Click Here Mendel’s Laws (Segregation, Independent Assortment); Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses; Punnett square; Dominant and recessive traits; Genotype and phenotype; Sex determination in humans; Inherited disorders (brief). |
| 3 | Absorption by Roots | Osmosis and diffusion; Active transport; Root hair structure; Ascent of sap (cohesion-tension theory); Role of root pressure. |
| 4 | Transpiration | Definition; Types (stomatal, cuticular, lenticular); Structure and mechanism of stomata; Factors affecting transpiration; Significance; Experiments to demonstrate transpiration. |
| 5 | Photosynthesis | Sub-topics — Click Here Equation of photosynthesis; Light reaction (photolysis of water, ATP and NADPH formation); Dark reaction (Calvin cycle — overview); Factors affecting photosynthesis; Experiments (starch test, importance of CO₂, light and chlorophyll). |
| 6 | Chemical Coordination in Plants | Tropic movements (phototropism, geotropism, hydrotropism, thigmotropism, chemotropism); Role of auxins; Brief mention of gibberellins and cytokinins. |
| 7 | The Circulatory System | Sub-topics — Click Here Blood — composition (plasma, RBC, WBC, platelets), functions; Heart — structure (chambers, valves), working (cardiac cycle, heartbeat); Blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries); Blood groups (ABO and Rh); Lymphatic system — lymph composition, role of lymph nodes. |
| 8 | The Excretory System | Sub-topics — Click Here Kidney structure (cortex, medulla, pelvis, ureter); Nephron — structure and function (glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, tubules); Urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, secretion); Excretion through skin; Role of liver in excretion (urea formation, bile pigments). |
| 9 | The Nervous System | Sub-topics — Click Here Neuron — structure and types; Impulse transmission (synapse); Central nervous system (brain — cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata; spinal cord); Peripheral nervous system; Reflex action (reflex arc); Sense organs (eye and ear — structure and function). |
| 10 | The Endocrine System | Major glands — pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pancreas, gonads; Hormones and their functions; Feedback mechanism; Disorders (diabetes mellitus, goitre, dwarfism, gigantism). |
| 11 | The Reproductive System | Male and female reproductive organs (structure and function); Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation; Implantation; Foetal development (brief); Puberty changes. |
| 12 | Population and Pollution | Sub-topics — Click Here Population growth — factors (birth rate, death rate, migration); Problems of overpopulation; Family planning methods; Air pollution (causes, effects, control); Water pollution; Soil pollution; Noise pollution; Radioactive pollution; Thermal pollution; Ozone depletion. |
ICSE Biology 2027: Chapter-wise Weightage
| Chapter | Approx. Marks | Approx. Weightage |
|---|---|---|
| Human Anatomy & Physiology (Circulatory, Excretory, Nervous, Endocrine, Reproductive) | 28–35 | 35–44% |
| Plant Physiology (Absorption, Transpiration, Photosynthesis, Tropic Movements) | 16–20 | 20–25% |
| Genetics (Cell Division, Mendel’s Laws) | 12–16 | 15–20% |
| Population and Pollution | 8–12 | 10–15% |
ICSE History and Civics Syllabus 2027
History and Civics is a combined paper of 80 marks (2 hours). History carries approximately 50 marks and covers both Indian and World History from the 19th–20th centuries; Civics carries approximately 30 marks and covers the Indian Constitution and governance.
| Section | Unit | Topics |
|---|---|---|
| History (~50 marks) | 1. The First War of Independence (1857) | Causes (political, economic, social, military, immediate); Events; Consequences; Significance. |
| 2. Social and Religious Reform Movements | Brahmo Samaj; Arya Samaj; Ramakrishna Mission; Aligarh Movement; Depressed Classes Movement. | |
| 3. The Indian National Movement (Phase I: 1885–1916) | Foundation of INC; Moderate phase (methods, demands); Extremist phase (Bal, Pal, Lal); Partition of Bengal 1905; Swadeshi Movement; Surat Split 1907; Lucknow Pact 1916. | |
| 4. Mahatma Gandhi and the National Movement (Phase II: 1919–1939) | Rowlatt Act; Jallianwala Bagh; Non-Cooperation Movement; Simon Commission; Civil Disobedience Movement; Dandi March; Gandhi-Irwin Pact; Round Table Conferences. | |
| 5. The Quit India Movement and Independence (1940–1947) | Cripps Mission; Quit India Movement 1942; Subhash Chandra Bose and INA; Post-War developments; Cabinet Mission; Partition and Independence. | |
| 6. The First World War | Causes (alliances, militarism, nationalism, imperialism, assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand); Events; Peace Treaties; Consequences. | |
| 7. Rise of Dictatorships | Rise of Fascism in Italy (Mussolini); Rise of Nazism in Germany (Hitler); Causes, methods, and consequences. | |
| 8. The Second World War | Causes; Main events (major theatres, key battles); Atom bomb; Consequences; Post-war world order. | |
| 9. The United Nations | Origin and formation; Aims and principles; Structure (General Assembly, Security Council, Secretariat, ICJ, ECOSOC); Specialised agencies; Role in peacekeeping. | |
| 10. Non-Alignment Movement | Cold War background; Definition and principles of non-alignment; Bandung Conference 1955; India’s role; Relevance today. | |
| Civics (~30 marks) | 1. Our Constitution | Preamble; Fundamental Rights (Articles 12–35); Fundamental Duties; Directive Principles of State Policy. |
| 2. The Union Parliament | Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha — composition, qualifications, powers; Speaker; Legislative procedure; Money Bill. | |
| 3. The Executive | President — election, powers, functions; Prime Minister — appointment and powers; Council of Ministers — collective responsibility. | |
| 4. The Judiciary | Supreme Court — composition, jurisdiction (original, appellate, advisory), judicial review; High Courts; Independence of the judiciary. | |
| 5. Local Self Government | Panchayati Raj — three-tier system (gram panchayat, panchayat samiti, zila parishad); Urban local bodies — Municipal Corporation, Municipal Council; Role and significance. |
ICSE Geography Syllabus 2027
The Geography paper carries 80 marks for theory (2 hours) and 20 marks for internal assessment. The entire syllabus is India-focused — you should practise map work regularly, as questions on identification and labelling of Indian features carry significant marks.
| Unit | Chapter | Key Topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Location, Extent and Physical Features of India | Latitudinal and longitudinal extent; Coastline; Physical divisions (Himalayan Mountains, Northern Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Coastal Plains, Islands); Important peaks, passes, rivers. |
| 2 | Climate of India | Sub-topics — Click Here Factors affecting climate (latitude, altitude, distance from sea, monsoon); Seasons — Winter, Summer, South-West Monsoon, Retreating Monsoon; Rainfall distribution; Temperature distribution; Cyclones (Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal). |
| 3 | Soil Resources | Types — Alluvial, Black (Regur), Red and Yellow, Laterite, Arid/Desert, Saline/Alkaline, Mountain soil; Distribution; Properties; Soil erosion (causes, types) and conservation measures. |
| 4 | Natural Vegetation of India | Types — Tropical Evergreen, Tropical Deciduous, Littoral/Mangrove, Thorny/Desert, Mountain vegetation; Distribution; Characteristics; Significance and conservation. |
| 5 | Water Resources | Sub-topics — Click Here River systems (Himalayan and Peninsular rivers); Irrigation — types (canal, well/tube well, tank, drip, sprinkler); Multi-purpose river valley projects (Bhakra Nangal, Hirakud, Damodar Valley, Nagarjunasagar); Rainwater harvesting; Water conservation. |
| 6 | Mineral and Energy Resources | Sub-topics — Click Here Iron ore (types, distribution, uses); Manganese; Bauxite; Mica; Gold; Coal (types, distribution); Petroleum (fields); Natural gas; Nuclear minerals (uranium, thorium); Non-conventional energy (solar, wind, biogas, tidal, geothermal). |
| 7 | Agriculture | Sub-topics — Click Here Types of farming (subsistence, commercial, plantation, mixed); Food crops — Rice, Wheat, Millets (jowar, bajra, ragi), Pulses; Commercial crops — Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane, Tea, Coffee, Rubber; Factors of growth; Distribution; India in world agriculture. |
| 8 | Manufacturing Industries | Sub-topics — Click Here Factors of industrial location; Iron and Steel Industry (Jamshedpur, Bhilai, Bokaro, Rourkela, SAIL plants); Cotton Textile Industry (Mumbai, Ahmedabad, Coimbatore); Sugar Industry; Jute Industry (Hooghly belt); Petrochemical Industry; Software/IT Industry (Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Pune). |
| 9 | Transport, Communication and Trade | Railways (zones, important junctions); Roadways (types, NH, expressways); Airways (domestic and international airports); Waterways (inland and coastal); Pipelines; Communication (telecom, internet); Exports and imports; Important sea ports. |
| 10 | Waste Generation and Management | Types of waste (municipal solid, industrial, biomedical, e-waste, plastic); Disposal methods (landfill, incineration, composting, recycling); Environmental impact; 3R principle (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle). |
ICSE Computer Applications Syllabus 2027
Computer Applications is a popular Group III elective. The paper is written in Java. It carries 80 marks for theory (2 hours) and 20 marks for internal assessment (practical programs and project). Marks are awarded for program logic, syntax, and output correctness.
| Unit | Topic | Key Sub-topics |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Object Oriented Programming Concepts | Objects and classes; Encapsulation; Inheritance; Polymorphism; Abstraction; Advantages of OOP over procedural programming. |
| 2 | Class as a User-Defined Type | Declaring a class; Data members and member methods; Access specifiers (public, private); Creating objects; Calling methods; this keyword. |
| 3 | User-Defined Methods | Sub-topics — Click Here Method declaration (return type, method name, parameters); Calling methods; Passing parameters (by value); Return statement; void methods; Method overloading (same name, different parameters); Recursion (simple problems — factorial, Fibonacci, GCD). |
| 4 | Constructors | Need for constructors; Default constructor; Parameterized constructor; Constructor overloading; Difference between constructor and method. |
| 5 | Library Classes | Math class (abs, pow, sqrt, ceil, floor, round, random); String class methods (length, charAt, indexOf, lastIndexOf, substring, equals, equalsIgnoreCase, compareTo, toLowerCase, toUpperCase, trim, replace); Character class (isDigit, isLetter, isUpperCase, isLowerCase, toUpperCase, toLowerCase); Scanner class for input. |
| 6 | Arrays | Sub-topics — Click Here One-dimensional arrays (declaration, initialisation, traversal); Array as parameter; Searching (linear search, binary search); Sorting (bubble sort, selection sort); Two-dimensional arrays (declaration, initialisation, traversal); Matrix operations (addition, multiplication, transpose). |
| 7 | String Handling | String as an object; Immutability of String; StringBuffer class; Difference between String and StringBuffer; Common String manipulations (palindrome, reverse, count vowels, anagram check, word count). |
| 8 | Inheritance | Single inheritance in Java; extends keyword; super keyword (calling parent constructor and methods); Method overriding; final keyword; Base and derived class; IS-A and HAS-A relationship. |
ICSE Hindi Syllabus 2027 (Second Language)
Hindi is the most common Second Language choice in ICSE Class X. The written paper carries 80 marks and covers composition, grammar, and comprehension. Schools may also conduct an oral assessment worth 20 marks.
| Section | Component | Topics Covered |
|---|---|---|
| Section A (30 marks) | Rachna (Composition) | Writing tasks — Click Here Patra Lekhan (formal and informal letter writing); Nibandh Lekhan (essay on social, environmental, or general topics); Kahani Lekhan (story writing from outlines) or Chitr Varnan (picture description). |
| Section B (30 marks) | Vyakaran (Grammar) | Grammar topics — Click Here Sandhi (Swar Sandhi, Vyanjan Sandhi, Visarg Sandhi); Samas (Tatpurusha, Dvandva, Bahuvrihi, Avyayibhava); Karak (case markers and vibhaktis); Muhavare (idioms); Lokoktiyan (proverbs); Paryayvachi shabd (synonyms); Vilom shabd (antonyms); Vaakya Shuddhi (sentence correction); Rachna Parivartan (transformation of sentences). |
| Section C (20 marks) | Apathit Gadyansh (Comprehension) | Unseen prose passage; Short-answer comprehension questions; Saransh Lekhan (summary writing in own words). |
| Oral Assessment (20 marks) | School-conducted | Hindi conversation; Reading aloud from a given text; Listening comprehension (assessed by the school). |
ICSE Class X 2027: Reduced or Deleted Topics
CISCE temporarily reduced the ICSE syllabus during 2020–2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The full syllabus was restored from the 2023-24 academic year onwards, and no reductions are in effect for 2027. The table below reflects the status of previously reduced topics.
| Subject | Previously Reduced Topics (2020–2022) | Status in 2027 |
|---|---|---|
| Mathematics | Some sections of Similarity and Loci, Coordinate Geometry sub-topics | Fully Restored |
| Physics | Electromagnetism (partial), Spectrum (partial) | Fully Restored |
| Chemistry | Organic Chemistry (partial), Metallurgy (partial) | Fully Restored |
| Biology | Genetics (Dihybrid cross), Population and Pollution (partial) | Fully Restored |
| History & Civics | Non-Alignment Movement, some Civics units | Fully Restored |
| Geography | Waste Generation and Management, Energy Resources (partial) | Fully Restored |
You must prepare the complete syllabus for ICSE 2027 — no chapter or unit is excluded. Any CISCE circular announcing changes to the 2026-27 syllabus will appear at cisce.org.
How to Download ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 PDF
Follow these steps to download the official ICSE 2027 syllabus PDF from the CISCE website.
- Visit the official CISCE website at cisce.org.
- Click on the "Publications" link in the top navigation menu.
- Look for the document titled "Regulations and Syllabuses" for the relevant year.
- Click on the Class X (ICSE) syllabus document link. A PDF opens in a new tab.
- Press Ctrl + S (Windows) or Cmd + S (Mac) to save the PDF to your device.
- Alternatively, click the download icon in your browser’s PDF viewer toolbar.
Note: You can also access individual subject syllabi and specimen papers from the CISCE publications page. Specimen papers help you understand the question format and marks distribution before the board exams.
Best Books for ICSE Class X 2027
The books below are widely used by ICSE students and align closely with the CISCE syllabus. Selina Concise series is the most recommended for Science and Mathematics — it is syllabus-aligned and updated annually.
| Subject | Book Name | Author / Publisher | Why This Book |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mathematics | Selina Concise Mathematics for ICSE Class X | R.K. Bansal / Selina Publishers | Directly aligned to ICSE syllabus; step-by-step solutions; extensive practice problems |
| Mathematics | Understanding ICSE Mathematics Class X | M.L. Aggarwal / Arya Publications | Concept-based explanations; good for competitive exam preparation alongside boards |
| Physics | Selina Concise Physics for ICSE Class X | Selina Publishers | Syllabus-matched; good diagrams; includes numerical practice with solutions |
| Physics | S. Chand’s ICSE Physics Class X | Pankaj Bhatt / S. Chand | Strong theory explanations; comprehensive numericals; past paper practice |
| Chemistry | Selina Concise Chemistry for ICSE Class X | Selina Publishers | Clear chemical equations; analytical chemistry tables; well-structured exercises |
| Chemistry | Frank’s ICSE Chemistry Class X | Frank Educational Aids | Good for additional practice; includes objective questions for quick revision |
| Biology | Selina Concise Biology for ICSE Class X | Selina Publishers | Detailed diagrams; chapter-wise exercises; labelling practice for diagram-heavy topics |
| Biology | Together with Biology for ICSE Class X | Rachna Sagar Publishers | Good for self-study; includes HOTS questions and previous board paper questions |
| History & Civics | Total History and Civics for ICSE Class X | Jayanti Sengupta & Xavier Pinto / Morning Star | Comprehensive coverage; student-friendly language; maps and timelines included |
| Geography | A New Approach to ICSE Geography | Ranjna Tiku / Goyal Brothers | Strong map-work section; well-organized topic-wise; includes specimen paper solutions |
| Computer Applications | Computer Applications (Java) for ICSE Class X | Anita Goel / Dhanpat Rai | Concept-first approach; extensive programming examples; covers all OOP topics |
| English Language | Evergreen Complete Study Guide: ICSE English Language | Evergreen Publications | Covers all composition types; grammar drills; unseen passage practice sets |
ICSE Class X 2027 Subject-wise Preparation Tips
Use the subject-specific strategies below to prepare efficiently for ICSE 2027 board exams.
Mathematics
- Solve at least 10 questions per chapter from Selina before moving to additional reference books.
- Algebra and Geometry together account for nearly 40% of the paper — prioritise these two.
- Practise Coordinate Geometry proofs step-by-step. One missing step costs marks in board marking.
- Solve previous 10 years’ ICSE Mathematics papers under timed conditions from November onwards.
- Statistics requires graph-drawing accuracy. Use sharp pencils and the correct scale every time you practise.
Physics
- Electricity (Current, Ohm’s Law, Power) and Electromagnetism carry the highest marks — never skip numerical practice in these chapters.
- For Optics (Refraction and Lenses), draw ray diagrams neatly and label all components correctly.
- Radioactivity is theory-heavy but predictable — learn definitions, properties of radiation, and uses by heart.
- Attempt practical-based short questions from the specimen paper — they test lab understanding, not just theory.
Chemistry
- Memorise all cation and anion identification tests in Analytical Chemistry — 1–2 questions are guaranteed in the paper.
- Study of Compounds requires you to know preparation methods, equations, and uses for all four acids/gases.
- Mole Concept calculations become easy once you are comfortable with the molar mass formula — practise 5 problems daily.
- Write balanced equations with state symbols in all practice sessions — marks are deducted for incomplete equations in board papers.
Biology
- Draw and label diagrams of the nephron, heart, neuron, and eye without reference — diagram questions carry 3–5 marks each.
- Genetics (Mendel’s Laws, Punnett squares) is predictable. Practise monohybrid and dihybrid crosses until automatic.
- Photosynthesis experiments are frequently asked in objective and short-answer formats — know all conditions and results.
- Revise Pollution types, causes, and control measures one week before the exam — this section has short but scoring questions.
History and Civics
- Prepare structured answers for 8-mark questions by practising introductions, 4–5 key points, and a conclusion.
- Civics (Constitution, Parliament, Executive, Judiciary) is scoring if you learn definitions and constitutional provisions accurately.
- Use timelines for Indian National Movement chapters — events from 1919 to 1947 often appear in sequence-based questions.
- Know the key causes, events, and consequences framework for WWI, WWII, and dictatorships — avoid mixing dates.
Geography
- Map work is a guaranteed 10–15 marks component — practise marking Indian physical features on a blank outline map daily.
- Learn crop distribution tables by state and region. Rice-wheat-cotton distribution is asked repeatedly.
- For industries, remember key locations with reasons (proximity to raw material, power, labour) — not just the names.
- Revise climate seasons and rainfall patterns with reference to regional maps of India.
Computer Applications
- Practise writing programs by hand — the board paper is written, not typed. Neat indentation and syntax matter.
- String manipulation programs (palindrome, anagram, word count) appear in almost every ICSE Computer paper.
- Understand inheritance and method overriding conceptually before writing programs — conceptual errors lead to logic errors.
- Revise all Math and String class methods with their exact syntax two weeks before the exam.
ICSE Class X Syllabus 2027 FAQs
Ques. Is the ICSE Class X syllabus 2027 the same as last year?
Ans. Yes, the ICSE 2027 syllabus is stable and unchanged from the 2026 full syllabus. CISCE restored the complete syllabus from 2023-24 onwards after COVID-era reductions. No additions or deletions have been announced for 2027. Verify this on cisce.org before your exam season begins.
Ques. Which subject has the highest weightage in ICSE Class X?
Ans. Weightage depends on which subjects you choose. Among the most common subjects, English Language, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, and Biology each carry 100 marks (80 theory + 20 internal or practical). History & Civics and Geography carry 80 marks each for theory. All subjects contribute equally to your aggregate percentage calculation by CISCE.
Ques. Where can I download the ICSE 2027 official syllabus PDF?
Ans. The official ICSE syllabus PDF is available at cisce.org/publications.aspx under the "Regulations and Syllabuses" section. The document covers all subjects for Class X. Download the version published for the 2026-27 academic year.
Ques. Has the ICSE syllabus been revised for 2027?
Ans. No major revision has been announced by CISCE for the 2027 ICSE examination. The syllabus is stable and carries the same chapters as the previous year’s full syllabus. If CISCE issues any revision circular, it will appear on cisce.org and your school will communicate the change officially.
Ques. What are the most important chapters in ICSE Mathematics for Class X?
Ans. Based on previous year paper patterns, the highest-weightage chapters in ICSE Mathematics are Algebra (Linear Inequations, Quadratic Equations, Matrices, AP/GP), Geometry (Similarity, Loci, Circles), and Coordinate Geometry. Together they account for approximately 50–60% of the paper. Statistics and Mensuration are also important for Section B questions.
Ques. How many subjects do ICSE students appear for in Class X?
Ans. ICSE students typically appear in 6 to 8 subjects. Group I (English Language, English Literature, Second Language) is compulsory. From Group II, students select subjects such as Mathematics and Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) or History, Civics, and Geography. One elective from Group III (such as Computer Applications) is also compulsory for most students.
Ques. Is Modern Physics (Radioactivity) included in the ICSE 2027 Physics syllabus?
Ans. Yes, Radioactivity and Nuclear Energy is a full chapter in the ICSE Physics syllabus for 2027. You must study alpha, beta, and gamma radiation properties, nuclear fission and fusion, half-life (qualitative understanding), and uses and hazards of nuclear energy. This chapter was temporarily reduced during COVID years but is fully restored for 2027.
Ques. What books should I follow for ICSE Biology?
Ans. Selina Concise Biology for ICSE Class X is the most recommended primary reference. It has detailed diagrams, chapter exercises, and specimen paper questions. You can supplement it with Together with Biology (Rachna Sagar) for additional HOTS questions and previous year board question practice. Always draw and label diagrams from these books rather than from memory alone.
Ques. When does the ICSE 2027 board exam start?
Ans. Based on CISCE’s historical timetable, ICSE 2027 theory exams are expected to begin in the third week of February 2027 and conclude by the last week of March 2027. Practical examinations are expected in January 2027. CISCE will release the official 2027 timetable on cisce.org — check regularly from September 2026 onwards.
Ques. How should I cover the full ICSE Class X syllabus in time for the 2027 exams?
Ans. Start subject-wise preparation from the beginning of the 2026-27 academic year (June-July 2026). Complete first reading of all chapters by October 2026. Use November-December 2026 for revision and practicing specimen papers. January 2027 is ideal for practicals preparation and intensive revision of theory. Solve the last 5 years’ ICSE board papers in the final month. Aim to cover all topics once before the school pre-boards (typically December-January).
Ques. Is Computer Applications compulsory in ICSE Class X?
Ans. Computer Applications is not compulsory for all students, but it is one of the elective options in Group III of ICSE. Most ICSE schools offer it, and many students choose it because it is scoring and has practical career relevance. CISCE specifies which Group III subjects your school can offer — confirm with your school administration.
Ques. How does the ICSE internal assessment work?
Ans. For most subjects, 20 marks are allocated for internal assessment or practicals, conducted by the school throughout the year. In Science subjects, these are practical experiments. In English Language, the oral assessment (listening and speaking) counts as 20 marks. In Computer Applications, a practical program submission and project count as internal marks. These 20 marks are added to your 80-mark written score for the final result.
Source: CISCE Official Publications – Regulations and Syllabuses
*The article might have information for the previous academic years, which will be updated soon subject to the notification issued by the University/College.
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