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A season is a division of the year that is based on variations in weather, ecology, and the amount of daylight hours in a particular place.
- Seasons on Earth are caused by the axial parallelism of Earth's tilted orbit around the Sun.
- Seasons vary in temperate and polar regions by changes in the intensity of sunlight that reaches the Earth's surface, changes that cause animals to hibernate or migrate, and vegetation to become dormant.
- Various civilizations define the number and type of seasons depending on geographical variances, and as a result, the number of seasons differs among present and historical cultures.
In temperate and sub-polar regions, four seasons are commonly recognized based on the Gregorian calendar. They are
- Spring
- Summer
- Autumn (or autumn)
- Winter
Very Short Answers Questions [1 Mark Questions]
Ques. When is the summer solstice observed in the Northern Hemisphere?
- September 22
- December 22
- March 20
- June 21
Ans. The correct answer is d. June 21
Explanation: The solstice results in the longest or shortest day of the year. In a given year, the summer solstices in the Northern Hemisphere are June 21.
Ques. During which season the position of the sun is highest?
- Summer solstice
- Winter solstice
- Autumnal equinox
- Spring equinox
Ans. The correct answer is a. Summer solstice
Explanation: The summer solstice occurs when the earth tilts towards the sun and the sun reaches its highest position in the sky. As a result, the sun is at its highest point at the summer solstice.
Ques. Which season has the longest night?
- Summer
- Winter
- Spring
- Autumn
Ans. The correct answer is b. Winter
Explanation: In comparison to other seasons, winter has the longest night.
Ques. The cycle of seasons on Earth is caused because of
- Rotation of the Earth
- Revolution of the Earth
- Inclination of the Earth
- Both the inclination and revolution of the Earth
Ans. The correct answer is d. Both the inclination and revolution of the Earth
Explanation: Seasons change on Earth due to the Earth's inclination relative to its plane of rotation around the Sun, as well as the Earth's revolution around the Sun.
Ques. What are the four seasons?
Ans. The four seasons are
- Summer
- Winter
- Spring
- Autumn or fall.
Short Answers Questions [2 Marks Questions]
Ques. What are the seasons of the earth?
Ans. A season is a period of the year identified by different climatic conditions. The four seasons are spring, summer, autumn, and winter. They regularly follow one another. Each has its unique seasonal light, temperature, and weather patterns.
Ques. Why does the season change?
Ans. The availability of sunlight varies around the world. Changes in sunlight availability impact the temperature of a certain place on land, which is a reason why the seasons change.
Ques. What is the solstice of summer?
Ans. A year has two summer solstices when the sun's path in the sky is farthest south in the southern hemisphere and farthest north in the northern hemisphere. This is known as the summer solstice.
Ques. What is an elliptical path?
Ans. When something spins around another in an oval-shaped path, an elliptical orbit is formed. All planets have elliptical orbits around the sun. The moon also circles the Earth in an elliptical orbit.
Also Read:
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| Winds, Storms, and Cyclones | Unit of Humidity | Wind Vane |
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Long Answers Questions [3 Marks Questions]
Ques. Write down the difference between the summer solstice and the winter solstice.
Ans. The differences between the summer solstice and the winter solstice are
| Summer solstice | Winter solstice |
|---|---|
| On Earth, the Summer Solstice occurs on June 21. | On Earth, December 21 is known as the Winter Solstice. |
| The Northern Hemisphere has the longest day and shortest night at the Summer Solstice. | It is the day with the shortest daytime and the longest nighttime in the Northern Hemisphere. |
| On that day, the Southern Hemisphere undergoes the longest night and the shortest day. | The winter solstice includes the longest day and the shortest night in the Southern Hemisphere. |
Ques. How do seasons impact the lives of humans?
Ans. The changing of the seasons has an impact on much of what people do on a daily basis.
- Human life changes as the seasons change.
- It changes habits and living situations in order to live.
- All people modify their eating and clothing habits according to the seasons.
- Weather may be both beneficial and destructive to individuals and their property.
Ques. Why do the north or south poles have six months of days and nights?
Ans. The Northern Hemisphere is mostly tilted towards the sun. As a result, the north pole stays pointed towards the sun, allowing for a full day of sunshine. From March 21st to September 23rd, the tilted position remained constant.
Similarly, the Southern hemisphere's south pole sees no sunshine, resulting in 6 months of darkness. From September 23rd to March 21st, the southern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun. As a result, the cycle reverses.
Very Long Answers Questions [5 Marks Questions]
Ques. What is the difference between solstice and equinox?
Ans. The differences between solstice and equinox are
| Equinox | Solstice |
|---|---|
| It is defined as the astronomical event that occurs when a full day comprises equal daytime and nighttime. | Solstice is described as the astronomical event when a full day either has the longest or shortest daytime. |
| It occurs twice in a year. | It also occurs twice in a year. |
| The vernal equinox on March 20th and the autumnal equinox on September 22nd have the same daytime and nighttime in the northern hemisphere. | The summer equinox on June 21st is the longest day in the northern hemisphere. The winter equinox, which occurs on December 21st, has the longest night duration in the northern hemisphere. |
| In the southern hemisphere, the 20th of March and 22nd of September autumnal equinoxes share the same daylight and nighttime. | The longest nighttime in the southern hemisphere occurs on June 21st, the summer solstice. The winter equinox, which occurs on December 21st, has the longest daytime in the southern hemisphere. |
| The sun makes a 90-degree angle with the equator during the equinox. | During the solstice, the sun forms a 23.27-degree angle with the earth's equator. |
Ques. What is the difference between seasons in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?
Ans. Seasons occur at different times in various parts of the earth. The tilt of the Earth does not change as it revolves around the Sun.
- However, the area of the earth that receives the most direct sunlight varies.
- From September to March, the Northern Hemisphere has shifted away from the sun.
- As a result, the northern half of the Earth receives less light and heat from the sun.
- As a result, autumn and winter occur.
- During the same months, from September to March, the planet's Southern Hemisphere is slightly inclined towards the sun.
- As a result, the southern hemisphere enjoys spring and summer.
Ques. What if there were no seasons on the earth?
Ans. Because of the axial tilt, Earth has all four seasons. There would be no seasons if the earth's axis was not tilted.
- This means that there would be far less variance in climate at any one location on the planet's surface.
- Instead of what we presently experience, the equator would constantly be the hottest point on Earth.
- The poles would always be the coldest places.
- The regions closer to the poles would still be colder, not because of the length of the day, but because of the angle at which the sun's rays fall on the surface.
- There would be no Arctic or Antarctic circles, and no locations on Earth would have light or darkness for more than a day.
- Every location would have 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness.
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