Jasmine Botanical Name

Jasmine (Jasminum), genus of about 200 species of fragrant-flowered shrubs and vines of the Olive family (Oleaceae). The majority of jasmine species are indigenous to countries with warmer climates, such as the tropical and subtropical parts of Oceania and Eurasia. 

It is mostly grown for its distinctive aroma. Jasmine flower tea is popular in certain nations, including China. Jasmine is grown in India for both its cultural value and for home and commercial purposes, particularly for fragrances.

Key Takeaways: Jasmine, Botany, Tracheophytes, Jasminum officinale, Angiospermae, Jasminum Nudiflorum

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Classification of Jasmine

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The characteristics of Jasmine is given below:

Jasminum

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Characteristics of Jasmine

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• Jasmines (Jasminum) are widely cultivated for the characteristic fragrance of their flowers.
• Jasmine may grow as upright, spreading, or climbing shrubs and vines, and it can be either deciduous (leaves fall in the fall) or evergreen (green all year). 
• Their leaves can have a simple, trifoliate, or pinnate structure and are borne in an opposite or alternating order. 
• Typically, the blossoms have a diameter of 2.5 cm (0.98 in). 
• The flowers are white or yellow, however they occasionally become a little reddish.
• The flowers can be found on the terminals of branchlets alone or in cymose clusters with a minimum of three flowers. 
• Each flower has about four to nine petals, two locules, and one to four ovules.
• They bear two extremely short filamented stamens. The bracts might be ovate or linear. The calyx is bell-shaped.
• The fruits of jasmines are berries that turn black when ripe. 

Jasmine Diagram

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Habitat of Jasmine

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• Jasmines are native to tropical and subtropical regions of Eurasia, Africa, Australasia and Oceania, although only one of the 200 species is native to Europe.
• Southeast Asia and South Asia are the regions where they are most diverse.
• A number of jasmine species have spread over Mediterranean Europe.For example, the so-called Spanish jasmine (Jasminum grandiflorum) was originally from West Asia, the Indian subcontinent, Northeast Africa, and East Africa, and is now naturalized in the Iberian peninsula.
• Jasminum fluminense and Jasminum dichotomum (Gold Coast Jasmine) are invasive species in Hawaii and Florida.
• Jasminum polyanthum, also known as White Jasmine, is an invasive weed in Australia.

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Common Species of Jasmine

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Genus Jasmine(Jasminum) contains close to 200 species, ranging from the Common Jasmine (Jasminum officinale) to more exotic species such as the Winter Jasmine (Jasminum Nudiflorum).

• Iranian native common jasmine (Jasminum officinale), also known as Poet's Jasmine, has fragrant white flowers that are used to make attar of jasmine, a perfume ingredient.It is widely cultivated for its shining leaves and clusters of flowers that bloom in summer.
• Winter jasmine (Jasminum nudiflorum), a Chinese species with solitary yellow flowers, is used as a cover plant on hillsides.
• Japanese, or primrose, jasmine (Jasminum mesnyi) is a similar plant with large flowers that bloom during the winter. 
• Italian jasmine (Jasminum humile), a vine-like shrub with yellow flowers, has many cultivated varieties. 
• The fragrant dried flowers of Arabian jasmine (Jasminum sambac) are used to make jasmine tea.

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Floral Formula of Jasmine

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A floral formula is a numerical representation of the several floral components that make up a flower. It is used to denote different floral sections by describing a flower using various signs and symbols.

The Jasminum flower formula is as follows: 

+, ♀, Epi 3, K 5, C (5), A (α), G (α)

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Uses of Jasmine

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• Jasmine is a plant. The flower is used to make medicine.
• Jasmine has been used for liver disease (hepatitis), pain due to liver scarring (cirrhosis), and abdominal pain due to severe diarrhea (dysentery). 
• It is also used to prevent stroke, to cause relaxation (as a sedative), and in cancer treatment.
• Jasmine is used on the skin to reduce the amount of breast milk, for skin diseases, and to speed up wound healing.
• Jasmine is inhaled to improve mood, reduce stress, and reduce food cravings.
• In foods, jasmine is used to flavor beverages, frozen dairy desserts, candy, baked goods, gelatins, and puddings.
• In manufacturing, jasmine is used to add fragrance to creams, lotions, and perfumes.

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Health Benefits of Jasmine

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The health benefits of Jasmine are discussed as follows:

• Digestive Health -

Jasmine is rich in antioxidants that interact with gastrointestinal enzymes to facilitate better nutrient absorption and promote healthy bowel function. 

• Depression/Anxiety - 

The uplifting scent of Jasmine essential oil has been proven to improve mood, de-stress and bring anxiety down to a more manageable level. 

• Insomnia - 

Jasmine (consumed as a tea or used in essential oil form) has sedative effects on the nervous system, soothing and relaxing tense and jangled nerves.

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Things to Remember

• Jasminum is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family (Oleaceae).
• Jasminum officinale, known as the common jasmine or simply jasmine, is a species of flowering plant.
• Scientific name of Jasmine is - Jasminum.
• The pure white blossoms of Jasmine symbolizes purity. 
• Coined as the ‘Queen Of Flowers’, Jasmine has become widely popular, not just for its fragrance but also for its immense health benefits. 
• It is also widely used in cooking such as jasmine tea and other herbal teas, jasmine rice, sorbets.
• It is also used for making perfumes, lotions, shampoos and various other skin and hair products.

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Previous Year Questions

1. The first phylogenetic system of plant classification was proposed by (JIMPER 2004)
2. Karyotaxonomy is the modern branch of classification which is based on (MU OET 2013)
3. The label of a herbarium sheet does not carry information on  (NEET 2016)
4. The correct sequence of taxonomic hierarchy is (KCET 2018)
5. Which of the following pairs of specific names belongs to same common genus?
6. The scientist widely regarded as the triple crown of biology (AMUEEE 2015)
7. Read the statements given below and identify the incorrect statement (KCET 2012)
8. Reason of diversity in living beings is (NEET 2001)
9. Edaphology is (KCET 2007)
10. Phenetic classification is based, on (MU OET 2012)
11. In which of the following animals, haemocyanin pigment is found? (NEET 2001)
12. In which of the following animals post anal tail is found? (NEET 2001)
13. In Hydra, waste material of food digestion and nitrogenous waste material are removed respectively from (NEET 2001)
14. Bicarpellary gynoecium and oblique ovary occurs in (NEET 2001)
15. Tetradynamous conditions occur in (NEET 2001)
16. Edible part of banana (NEET 2001)
17. The development of sporophyte from vegetative cells of gametophyte is called (KCET 1998)
18. Phylogenetic system of classification was supported by (JIMPER 1998)
19. Match the following columns and select the correct option (NEET 2020)
20. The roots that originate from the base of the stem are (NEET 2020)