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Stakeholders are those who live in and around the forest and are dependent on the forest produce to lead their lives. The stakeholders can be the Forest Department of the Government which owns the forest land and controls the resources from the forest, or the industrialists who use various forest products for their factories. Conservation of forests and wildlife is essential to the conservation of biodiversity. This is important because the loss of Biodiversity causes environmental inequality. Here, we will discuss more about stakeholders along with some important questions.
Read Also: Biosphere Reserves
| Table of Content |
Key terms: stakeholders, forest resources, conservation of forest, forest stakeholders.
Who are Stakeholders?
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A participant is interested in a particular business. A Forest Stakeholder is someone who uses forest resources in one way or another. They can be:
- People who rely on Forest resources and live in nearby Forest areas.
- Department of Forestry and Owner of Forestry.
- Any company that uses forest resources for industrial purposes
- Conservationists and wildlife conservationists.
The people who live near the Forest use the wood, those, and the small logs of the Forest. Bamboo is used to make huts and baskets for collecting food.
Forests are also considered to be the hunting and fishing grounds and the source of immature resources in many industries. Before independence, Participants were free to use the resources of the Forest. After the British took over, access to the Forest's resources was restricted to the inhabitants of the Forest. After independence, the government took over the doors of the Forest, but the interest of the people living in the Forest was ignored.
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| Chapter Related Links | ||
|---|---|---|
| Population | List of Biosphere Reserves | National parks |
| Ramsar Sites | Wildlife Sanctuaries | Type of wastes |
What are Forest Resources?
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It can be described as a variety of plants and other materials as well as products commonly grown in the Forestland, harvested products and associated residues which also include grass, logs, trees, seedlings, shrubs etc.
Forest Resources
Who are Stakeholders in the Forest?
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4 Major Forestry Stakeholders and their functions are as follows:
- Tribes: They live in or near the Forests. It depends on the material and the means of subsistence. They collect firewood, fruits and vegetables, medicinal herbs, gums, nuts, bamboo, and other resources from the Forests. Nations protect the Forest from any form of exploitation and pollution from industry.
- Forestry Department: The Department of Forestry, which operates under the government, manages the land and resources provided by the Forestry. They are responsible for the efficient use and use of Forest resources.
- Industries: Industries rely on Forest as a service provider and use all resources to the limit without any conservation course.
- Ecological Enthusiasts and Conservationists: Their main goal is to protect the forests and wildlife of a particular region from any industrial damage. They do not depend on Forestry for resources. Local people and tribes work with nature lovers to conserve Forests and protect the environment.
Local People and Forest Conservation
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There are many examples that suggest that the involvement of local communities is necessary in any management and conservation of the Forest. The Bishnoi community in Rajasthan is one such example. Amrita Devi Bishnoi is still remembered for her efforts to protect the khejri trees in the Khejarli area. Along with 363 others, he gave his life to protect the kraal trees in 1731. The national award ‘Amrita Devi Bishnoi for Wildlife Conservation’ was named in her honour.
Another example is that of nomadic shepherds in the Himalayas. They used to graze their livestock near the Great Himalayan National Park. Every summer, they brought their flocks to the valley so that the sheep could get a good supply of grass. When the National Park was established in that area, nomadic shepherds were no longer allowed to herd their flocks in a protected area. Now, as the sheep do not graze, the grass grows taller in the region. Tall grass falls and prevents the growth of new grass. This is an ancient example that by excluding and separating local people and Forests, appropriate conservation efforts cannot be made.
Read more: Difference Between Air Pollution and Water Pollution
Chipko Movement
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The Chipko Movement began in the early 1980's from a small village, Reni in Garhwal district. The women of the village began to hug the tree to prevent it from being cut down by a contractor. The Chipko Movement later spread to other parts of India. It has played a key role in preventing deforestation on a large scale. Sunder Lal Bahuguna has been a key player in the Chipko Movement. Sadly, she died in 2020.
An Arabari Example of People's Participation in Forest Management
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In 1972, the Department of Forestry realized its error while rehabilitating the Sal forests of the Arabian forest range. The Arabian Forest is in Midnapore, Western Bengal. The old methods of police and surveillance had failed miserably as they often led to frequent clashes with the local people. It also led to people abandoning the conservation program. Then came forestry foreman, A K Banerjee, a real visionary. He involved local people in the rehabilitation of 1,272 hectares of forest. Instead, the villagers were given the task of cultivating silviculture and harvesting and were given 25% of the harvest. They were also allowed to collect firewood and fodder for a small fee. As a result of the full participation of the local community there has been a dramatic rejuvenation of the Arabian Sal Forest. In 1983, forest value rose to Rs. 12.5 million.
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Things to Remember
- As with a business or company, there are people with a particular business interest who are called company Stakeholders; in the same way, the people who have a particular interest in the Forest.
- These people who use its resources are known as Participants in the Forest.
- All the people who rely on Forest resources, the Department of Forestry government with Forest Land, companies that use Forest resources in.
- 4 Major Forestry Stakeholders are, tribes, forestry department, industries, ecological Enthusiasts and Conservationists.
- The Bishnoi community in Rajasthan is one such example. Amrita Devi Bishnoi is still remembered for her efforts to protect the khejri trees in the Khejarli area.
Read more: Sustainability of Natural Resources
Sample Questions
Ques: List the Four Forest Participants. (2 marks)
Ans: The 4 Forest Stakeholders are:
- Nations
- Department of Forestry
- Industries
- Nature lovers and conservationists
Ques: What Does Forest Resources Mean? (2 marks)
Ans: Forest resources meaning: Forest resources mean anything that is harvested from the Forest and used in any format. It can be wood, honey, wax, vegetables, fruits, raw materials, bamboo etc.
Ques: Who are stakeholders and what are the roles of the stakeholders? (5 marks)
Ans: Forest stakeholders and their role:
People living in the forest and surrounding areas
They get fruit and nuts for food, firewood, herbs, bamboo and baskets and fodder for their cattle.
They make sure that they use the forest in a sustainable way and that they are not to blame for any damage done to trees or the environment.
Department of Forestry
The sale of timber is a good source of income for them. They remove large natural vegetation from the forests to plant trees such as teak and pine to locate timber in one place. This destroys biodiversity and harms the environment.
Many tourists visit forest areas to view wildlife. Various systems designed to simplify have a responsibility to harm the environment.
Industrialists
Various industries such as timber, paper, lac and sports equipment industry all rely on forest resources to supply raw materials.
Since industrialists are responsible for large-scale deforestation, they should make efforts to plant seedlings in deforested areas.
Forest and wildlife activists
The main interest of activists is to prevent damage and environmental degradation.
Their first work began with the preservation of animals such as lions, tigers, and elephants.
They have now come to realize the importance of conserving forests, which are home to wildlife.
Ques: What is Chipko Movement? (2 marks)
Ans: The Chipko movement, also known as the Chipko andolan, a non-violent social and environmental organization of rural people, especially women, in India in the 1970s, aimed at protecting trees and forests organized by government-sponsored logging.
Ques: What is conservation? (2 marks)
Ans: Conservation means the use, improvement, protection of human resources and the environment in an intelligent manner. It is also the restoration of cultural heritage, the protection and restoration of cultural heritage, including works of art and architecture, as well as archaeological and historical artifacts.
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