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Liver is an organ which performs many important functions such as detoxification and synthesis of proteins and chemicals which are used in digestion and growth. It is located in the upper right area of the abdomen and is protected by the rib cage. The liver produces bile, an alkaline fluid which contains cholesterol and bile acids, which is used for breakdown of fat. Just under the liver there is a small pouch called the gallbladder which stores the bile which at the time of digestion is moved to the small intestine for complete digestion. The liver’s colour is reddish brown and is shaped like a wedge. It’s weight is approximately 1.5 kg and has a width of 15 cm.
Ques 1: Where is the liver located in the human body?
- On left side of Chest
- Beside Pancreas
- On top of Kidneys
- In upper right portion of Abdomen
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Answer- (4) In upper right portion of Abdomen
Explanation- The liver in the human body is located in the upper right portion of the abdomen.
Ques 2: Which is the largest gland in human body?
- Hypothalamus
- Liver
- Thyroid
- Pancreas
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Answer- (2) Liver
Explanation – Liver is the largest gland in the human body followed by the pancreas.
Ques 3: What enzyme does liver secretes?
- Bile Juice
- Thyroxin
- Insulin
- Aldosterone
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Answer- (1) Bile Juice
Explanation- Liver secretes bile juice which is a digestive fluid. It metabolizes proteins, carbohydrates and fats.
Ques 4: Which of the following is the function of the human liver?
- Production of bile
- Metabolization of Proteins, Carbohydrates and fats
- Synthesis of blood clotting factors
- All of the above
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Answer- (4) All of the above
Explanation- The liver secretes bile, a digestive fluid; metabolizes proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; stores glycogen, vitamins and other substances; synthesizes blood clotting factors.
Ques 5: Albumin is produced by which of the following organ?
- Brain
- Heart
- Liver
- Kidney
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Answer- (3) Liver
Explanation- Albumin is the most important protein in blood serum. It transports fatty acids and steroids to maintain correct pressure and prevent leakage of blood vessels.
Ques 6: Which of the following vitamins is stored in liver?
- Vitamin E
- Vitamin K
- Vitamin C
- Only (i) and (ii)
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Answer- (4) Only (i) and (ii)
Explanation- The liver stores vitamins like A, D, E, K and B12 where vitamin A, D, E and K are fat soluble and B12 is water soluble vitamin.
Ques 7: Which of following is a liver disease?
- Appendicitis
- Cirrhosis
- Conjunctivitis
- Diabetes
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Answer-(2) Cirrhosis
Explanation- Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver. This is caused due to alcohol consumption, toxins, and hepatitis. Here, the scar cells replace liver cells in a process known as fibrosis. The functionality of liver cells is destroyed, which might lead to liver failure.
Ques 8: Which of the disease is caused in liver by a parasite “liver fluke”?
- Babesiosis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Fascioliasis
- Malaria
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Answer-(3) Fascioliasis
Explanation- Fascioliasis is a parasitic infection that is typically caused by Fasciola hepatica, which is also commonly known as “the common liver fluke” or “the sheep liver fluke”. The parasite can lie dormant in the liver for months or even years.
Ques 9: Which of the following statement is true about human liver?
- The liver is a triangular, bilobed structure.
- Fibrous tissue called Glisson’s capsule covers the liver.
- Liver gas two main source of blood: Hepatic Portal Vein and Hepatic Artery
- All of the above.
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Answer-(4) All of the above
Explanation- The liver is a triangular, bilobed structure consisting of a larger right lobe and a smaller left lobe. The falciform ligament separates the two lobes.
A layer of fibrous tissue called Glisson’s capsule covers the liver. This capsule is covered by peritoneum. This protects the liver from physical damage.
It has two main sources of blood:
- Hepatic Portal Vein: It carries nutrient-rich blood digestive system.
- Hepatic Artery: It carries oxygenated blood from the heart.
Ques 10: Which of the following cells are found in liver?
- Kupffer Cells
- Neurons
- Sperm Cells
- None of the above
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Answer-(1) Kupffer Cells
Explanation – Liver contains Kupffer cells involved in immune activity. These destroy any disease-causing agents.
Ques 11: A hormone called “Angiotensinogen” is released by ……?
- Brain
- Liver
- Lungs
- Kidney
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Answer-(2) Liver
Explanation- Along with bile juice, liver also releases another hormone called “Angiotensinogen” which is responsible for narrowing of blood vessels which results in an increase in blood pressure.
Ques 12: Bile salts produced by liver acts as activator of which enzyme?
- Lipase
- Pepsinogenn
- Pancreatic lipase
- Trypsin
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Answer- (i) Lipase
Explanation- Lipase is an enzyme which catalyses the hydrolysis of fats. Bile salts act as activator of lipase as they emulsify fat globules into smaller droplet like structures called micelles therby, increasing the surface area accessible to lipid hydrolysing enzymes.
Ques 13: “Glisson’s Capsules” is seen in ……..?
- Kidneys
- Pancreas
- Liver
- Stomach
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Answer-(3) Liver
Explanation- A layer of fibrous tissue called Glisson’s capsule covers the liver. This capsule is covered by peritoneum. This protects liver from physical damage.
Ques 14: How much bile juice is produced by the liver of an adult human per day?
- 50 ml to 100 ml
- 100 ml to 200ml
- 400 ml to 800 ml
- 800 ml to 1 L
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Answer-(3) 400 ml to 800 ml
Explanation- Adult humans produce 400 ml to 800 ml of bile daily, and other animals proportionately similar amounts. The secretion of bile can considered in two stages:
- Initially, hepatocytes secrete bile into canaliculi, from which it flows into bile ducts. This hepatic bile contains large quantities of cholesterol, bile acids, and other organic molecules
- As bile flows through the bile duct it is modified by addition of a watery, bicarbonate-rich secretion from ductal epithelial cells.
Ques 15: What is the approximate weight of the liver in a healthy adult?
- 1.30 kg to 1.56 kg
- 1.44 kg to 1.66 kg
- 1.36 kg to 1.71 kg
- 1.68 kg to 1.86 kg
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Answer-(2) 1.44 kg to 1.66 kg
Explanation – The approximate weight of the liver in a healthy adult lies between 1.44 kg to 1.66g or 1450 gm to 1680 gm.
Ques 16: Which of the following forms of the viral hepatitis is caused by a defective single stranded RNA virus?
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis C
- Hepatitis D
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Answer-(4) Hepatitis D
Explanation- Hepatitis D is an inflammation of the liver caused by defective single stranded RNA virus(HDV) which requires HBV for its replication.
Ques 17: Which of the following statements is true about the human liver?
- Liver is triangular in shape
- Liver is the only visceral organ that can regenerate
- Liver is the largest internal organ of the human body
- All of the above
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Answer-(4) all of the above
Explanation- liver is triangular in shape and can regenerate and is also the largest and heaviest internal organ of the human body.
Ques 18: Which of the following is not an example of liver disease?
- Fascioliasis
- Chickenpox
- Fatty liver disease
- Gilbert’s Syndrome
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Answer-(2) Chickenpox
Explanation- Chickenpox is the only disease which does not affect the liver it causes itchy rash with small fluid filled blisters.
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