NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 9: Heredity and Evolution

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution are provided in this article. It comprises all the important definitions, concepts, and methodologies that will be really beneficial for the students. The important topics that are included in this chapter are:

Excluded Topics (As per updated Class 10 Science Syllabus 2022-23):

Evolution
Evolution and classification

Expected no. of Questions: 2-3 questions of around 5 marks.

Download PDF: NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9

NCERT Solution

Class 10 Science Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution: Important Topics

Heredity and evolution are the transmissions of characters from parents to their children. An inherited trait that children get from their parents is a genetically determined feature that makes humans distinguishable from person to person. One of the most common examples of heredity and evolution is the free or attached ears, which we can see around us in humans. These two terminologies help us to learn and understand the continuity of the life cycle on the planet Earth.

Heredity

Heredity is referred to as the process where the genetic heritage is passed down by our biological parents. More specifically, it is the transmission of traits from one generation to the next. These traits can be physical, such as eye color, blood type or disease, or behavioral.

Mendel’s Contribution

Mendel cultivated pea plants to observe their pattern of inheritance from one generation to the next generation. This observation resulted in the discovery of three laws of inheritance, which is famously known as Mendel's laws of Inheritance.

Laws of Inheritance of Traits

The three laws of inheritance that are proposed by Mendel include:

Law of Dominance: Mendel’s first law of inheritance states that hybrid offspring will only inherit the dominant trait in the phenotype.
Law of Segregation: According to the law of segregation, during the production of gametes, two copies of each hereditary factor segregate so that offspring acquire one factor from each parent.
Law of Independent Assortment: Mendel’s second law of inheritance states that a pair of traits segregate independently of another pair during gamete formation.

Chapter Related Links:

Rules for the Inheritance of Traits - Mendel's Contributions	Heredity and Evolution Important Questions	Heredity and Evolution Revision Notes
Dominant Traits	Difference Between Dominant and Recessive Traits	Difference between acquired and Inherited traits
Sex Determination	Dominant Traits	Acquired and inherited traits

Science Study Guides:

Biology	Difference between in Biology
Biology MCQs	Class 10 Science Notes

CBSE X Related Questions

1.
From the given situations, identify 'Chemotropic' and 'Geotropic' movements in parts of plants, respectively:
(i) Growth of pollen tube towards ovule.
(ii) Movement of sunflower towards sunlight.
(iii) Movement of root towards Earth/Gravity.
(iv) Movement of leaves due to breeze.
- (i) and (iii) respectively
- (iii) and (i) respectively
- (i), (ii) and (iii), (iv) respectively
- (i), (iii) and (ii), (iv) respectively
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2.
Give one example each of electrolytic decomposition and decomposition by sunlight.
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3.
How many bulbs of resistance \( 8 \ \Omega \) each should be connected in parallel combination to draw a current of \( 2 \text{ A} \) from a battery of \( 4 \text{ V} \) ?
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4.
Sex is determined by different factors in various species. However, in human beings, it is determined genetically. Which amongst the following option(s) is/are correct for human beings ?
Gamete carrying X chromosome from female parent.
Gamete carrying X chromosome from male parent.
Gamete carrying Y chromosome from male parent.
- (ii) and (iii)
- (i) only
- (i) and (iii)
- (iii) only
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5.
(i) \( \text{AgNO}_3 + \text{NaCl} \rightarrow \text{NaNO}_3 + \text{AgCl} \)
(ii) \( \text{K}_2\text{SO}_4 + \text{BaCl}_2 \rightarrow \text{BaSO}_4 + 2\text{KCl} \)
Which of the following options clearly describes both the reactions?
- (i) is double displacement, (ii) is displacement reaction.
- Both, (i) and (ii) are displacement reactions and precipitation reactions.
- Both, (i) and (ii) are double displacement reactions and precipitation reactions.
- (i) is displacement, (ii) is double displacement reaction.
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6.
When you look at an object very close to your eyes, the:
- Ciliary muscles of your eye contract and the eye lens becomes thick.
- Ciliary muscles of your eye get relaxed and the eye lens becomes thick.
- Ciliary muscles of your eye contract and the eye lens becomes thin.
- Ciliary muscles of your eye get relaxed and the eye lens becomes thin.
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