What is respiration?

Content Writer-SME

“Respiration is a biological process that involves the exchange of two gases—carbon dioxide and oxygen—between cells, tissues, and the external environment”. This process begins with the intake of oxygen and is completed with the release of carbon dioxide in humans. Depending on the type of organism, the organs responsible for facilitating gaseous exchange vary such as:

Lungs- Humans
Gills- Fishes, Tadpole (Larval stage of frogs or toads), Molluscs, Worms
Trachea- Insects and Cockroaches
Skin- Frogs (Adult), and other Amphibians

The process of respiration is vital for the survival of living beings. It involves a sequence of biological reactions in which an organism's cells obtain energy by combining glucose and oxygen to release carbon dioxide, ATP, and water. The breakdown of glucose releases substantial energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate or ATP. This ATP serves as our cell's energy currency which is used in various biochemical processes in our body.

Types of Respiration

Respiration is tightly regulated to meet the body's energy requirements and is essential to preserve cellular activity. The two main classifications of respiration processes include:

Aerobic respiration:

Aerobic respiration is carried out in the presence of oxygen.
This respiration is seen in all higher animals and plants. Humans also respire through aerobic respiration.

ii. Anaerobic respiration:

Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen.
Bacteria and yeast breathe through the anaerobic mode of respiration.

Aerobic and Anaerobic Pathways in Respiration

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Related Topics
Difference between Photosynthesis and Respiration	Chemiosmotic Hypothesis	Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
Difference Between Cytosol and Cytoplasm	Amphibolic Pathway	Cyclic Photophosphorylation
Fundamental Unit of Life	Diagram of Mitochondria	Mitosis and Meiosis

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
India is one of the megadiverse countries housing around 8·1 per cent of global species diversity, although its land area is only 2·4 per cent of the world’s land area. Many of the species are highly threatened due to human activities like deforestation, mining and habitat fragmentation. Laws like Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 were enacted by the Government of India to preserve our biological wealth. Various conservation measures are being implemented to save the threatened species. The following bar graph shows the number of species conserved under different biodiversity conservation methods.

Which other methods shown in the diagram are opposite to the one identified by you in question ? How are these two conservation approaches different?
(c) Write two features of Biodiversity hotspots.
(c) To which category do sacred groves belong and how do they help in bio-conservation?

2.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
The data below shows the concentration of nicotine smoked by a smoker taking 10puffs/minute.

3.
Work out the crosses between:
Normal female and Haemophilic male
Carrier female and Normal male
(III) Carrier female and Haemophilic male
Write the conclusions you draw from these crosses. Comment on the type of inheritance of the disease.
(Use: $X$ - Normal, $X^h$ - Haemophilic)

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4.
Draw a labelled two-celled structure of male gametophyte of an angiosperm.
Name the three layers that surround the cytoplasm of a male gametophyte starting from innermost to outermost layer.
(iii) Which organic material makes the outermost layer? Mention its advantage.
(iv) Why is the outermost layer of male gametophyte not continuous ?

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5.
Name any two types of antibodies found to give humoral immune response in humans.

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6.
Name the phenomenon that leads to situations like ‘XO’ abnormality in humans. Also name this genetic disorder. How are individuals with an XO chromosomal abnormality affected? Write its symptoms as well as karyotype.

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What is respiration?

Types of Respiration

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

2.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
The data below shows the concentration of nicotine smoked by a smoker taking 10puffs/minute.

3.
Work out the crosses between:
Normal female and Haemophilic male
Carrier female and Normal male
(III) Carrier female and Haemophilic male
Write the conclusions you draw from these crosses. Comment on the type of inheritance of the disease.
(Use: $X$ - Normal, $X^h$ - Haemophilic)

5.
Name any two types of antibodies found to give humoral immune response in humans.

6.
Name the phenomenon that leads to situations like ‘XO’ abnormality in humans. Also name this genetic disorder. How are individuals with an XO chromosomal abnormality affected? Write its symptoms as well as karyotype.

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What is respiration?

Types of Respiration

CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

2.Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow: The data below shows the concentration of nicotine smoked by a smoker taking 10puffs/minute.

3.Work out the crosses between: Normal female and Haemophilic male Carrier female and Normal male (III) Carrier female and Haemophilic male Write the conclusions you draw from these crosses. Comment on the type of inheritance of the disease. (Use: $X$ - Normal, $X^h$ - Haemophilic)

5.Name any two types of antibodies found to give humoral immune response in humans.

6.Name the phenomenon that leads to situations like ‘XO’ abnormality in humans. Also name this genetic disorder. How are individuals with an XO chromosomal abnormality affected? Write its symptoms as well as karyotype.

Comments

SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWS LETTER

2.
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
The data below shows the concentration of nicotine smoked by a smoker taking 10puffs/minute.

3.
Work out the crosses between:
Normal female and Haemophilic male
Carrier female and Normal male
(III) Carrier female and Haemophilic male
Write the conclusions you draw from these crosses. Comment on the type of inheritance of the disease.
(Use: $X$ - Normal, $X^h$ - Haemophilic)

5.
Name any two types of antibodies found to give humoral immune response in humans.

6.
Name the phenomenon that leads to situations like ‘XO’ abnormality in humans. Also name this genetic disorder. How are individuals with an XO chromosomal abnormality affected? Write its symptoms as well as karyotype.