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The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is given by the formula C = εA/d, where C is the capacitance, ε is the permittivity of the medium between the plates, A is the area of each plate, and d is the distance between the plates.
As we can see, capacitance is directly proportional to the area of the plates and inversely proportional to the distance between them. This means that if we decrease the distance between the plates, the capacitance will increase. This is because decreasing the distance between the plates increases the electric field strength between them, and thus, more charge can be stored on the plates for the same potential difference.
This relationship between capacitance and distance is used in the design of capacitors. Capacitors with small plate separation are used in high-frequency applications, where a large capacitance is needed in a small space. Capacitors with larger plate separation are used in low-frequency applications, where a smaller capacitance is needed.
Thus, we can say that the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor increases with a decrease in the distance between plates due to the relationship between capacitance, permittivity, area, and distance.
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