NCERT Solutions For Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits are provided in the article below. A semiconductor is a material whose resistivity is between a conductor such as metallic copper and an insulator such as glass. Its resistivity falls as the temperature rises which is completely opposite to any metal.

Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics belong to Unit 9 - Electronic Devices which has a weightage of 7 marks in the CBSE Board examinations. Class 12 Physics Semiconductor Electronics NCERT Solutions covers the concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, P-n Junction, and Rectifiers

Download PDF: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 14

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 14

Class 12 Physics Chapter 14 – Topics Covered

Semiconductors have resistivity or conductivity in between that of metals and insulators.

ρ ~ 10^-5. 10⁶ Ωm, σ ~ 10⁺⁵ .10^-6 Sm^-1

Types of Semiconductors: There are two types of semiconductors – Elements Semiconductors and Compound Semiconductors.

(i) Elements Semiconductors are available in natural form, e.g. germanium and silicon.
(ii) Compound Semiconductors are made by compounding the metals, e.g. InP, CdS, polyaniline, GaAs, CdSe, anthracene, etc.

On the basis of purity, semiconductors are classified as intrinsic semiconductors and extrinsic semiconductors.
Intrinsic Semiconductors are pure semiconductor that does not have any significant dopant species present

n_e = n_h = n_i

where, n_e and n_h are the number densities of electrons and holes respectively and n_i is the intrinsic carrier concentration.

Extrinsic Semiconductors are pure semiconductors that are doped with an impurity.

Extrinsic semiconductors are classified into two types: p-type semiconductors and n-type semiconductors.

Formation of Depletion Region in p-n junction: During the formation of a p-n junction, due to the concentration gradient across the p and n sides, the holes diffuse from the p-side to the n-side and electrons diffuse from the n-side to the p-side.

Formation of Depletion Region in p-n junction

Formation of Depletion Region in p-n junction

Also Read:

Chapter 14 Related Articles
Junction Transistor	Classification of Metals, Conductors, and Semiconductors	Zener Diode as Voltage Regulator
Full Wave Rectifier	Integrated Circuits	Half Wave Rectifier
Uses of Zener Diode	Difference between Diode and Rectifier	Digital Electronics and Logic Gates
Application of Junction Diode as a Rectifier	Semiconductor Diode	Zener Diode

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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
In an experiment with convex lens of focal length f, the screen is fixed at a distance D from the object. A student slowly moves the lens away from the object towards the screen and finds that she is able to form sharp image of the object for two positions of the lens. The distance between these two positions of the lens is d.
2.
An electric field $\vec{E}$ is established across the ends of a cylindrical conductor of length L and area of cross-section A. Discuss how electrons attain an average velocity, independent of time. Hence, obtain a relation between current in the conductor and this ‘average velocity’ of electrons.
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3.
Two metal spheres of radii $r_1$ and $r_2$ ($> r_1$) having charges $q_1$ and $q_2$ respectively kept in air, are brought in contact. Which of the following statements is not correct ?
- The total charge of the two spheres is conserved.
- Both spheres attain the same potential.
- The final potential of the system equals $\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{(q_1 + q_2)}{(r_1 + r_2)}$
- The final potential of the system equals $\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{(q_1 + q_2) (r_1 + r_2)}{r_1 r_2}$
View Solution
4.
Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow.
A p-type or n-type semiconductor can be converted into a p-n junction by doping it with suitable impurity. The motion of majority charge carriers causes diffusion current across the junction while the barrier electric field causes motion of minority carriers for drift current. In case of unbiased diode, the diffusion and drift currents are equal. This equilibrium is disturbed by the biasing batteries. Diodes, therefore, allow currents in one direction. This property of diode is used in making rectifiers.
5.
An astronomical telescope consists of two converging lenses. One of them of large aperture and large focal length is called objective lens and the other one, of smaller focal length and smaller aperture is called the eyepiece. It is used to see distant objects which are not seen clearly with naked eyes. The image formed by the objective lens acts as an object for the eyepiece and the final image produced by the eyepiece is magnified.
6.
Write two advantages of reflecting telescope over refracting telescope.
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