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Colloidal solution is a heterogeneous mixture containing medium sized particles. It is a type of solution gum that has a large surface area per unit mass. Colloidal solution particles can pass through any normal filter but not through any animal membrane. This article focuses on the step-by-step procedure for carrying out an experiment that will teach you how to make a colloidal solution of gum. These solutions fall somewhere between true solutions and suspension.
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Key Takeaways: Colloidal solution, gum, Tyndall effect, Emulsions, dispersion, heterogeneous solution
What is Colloidal Solution?
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A colloidal solution is a heterogeneous solution containing particles of varying sizes. Take, for example, milk. The particles are normally invisible to the naked eye. Light reflected by them, on the other hand, can be seen under an ultramicroscope. Colloidal solution particles can pass through ordinary filter paper but not the animal membrane. We went over how to make a colloidal solution of gum in this article.
The colloid (solution gum) is formed as a product in a colloid chemistry experiment. The dispersed phase in a solution gum may consist of particles of a single macromolecule or an aggregate of many atoms, molecules, or ions. The colloidal sols can be classified into two types based on the nature of the interconnection between the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium. These are Lyophilic Solution and Lyophobic solution.
Aim
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To prepare colloidal solution of Gum
Theory
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Water is the dispersed phase in solution gum, which is a lyophilic sol. A colloid chemistry experiment is a type of chemistry experiment that involves the formation of colloidal solutions. A gum is heated with water at a temperature of around 100 degrees Celsius to prepare a lyophilic solution of gum. We'll need a funnel, a burner, a glass rod, gloves, a tripod stand, a beaker, wire gauze, filter paper, gum, a pestle and mortar, and distilled water for this process.
Materials Required
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Tripod stand, beaker, funnel, Wire gauze, distilled water, Pestle and mortar, Glass rod, Filter paper, Burner, 500 mg gum
Procedure
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Following are the steps:
- Make a fine paste of 500 mg of gum in the pestle and mortar with a few drops of distilled water.
- Fill a beaker with 100 mL of distilled water and heat it to 100 degrees Celsius.
- Using a glass rod, slowly pour the fine gum paste into the boiling beaker of distilled water.
- Constantly stir the above-mentioned boiling mixture.
- For ten minutes, bring the water and gum mixture to a boil.
- After boiling, remove the mixture from the heat and set it aside to cool.
- After the mixture has completely cooled, use filter paper and a funnel to filter it.
- The colloidal solution of gum is formed in the filtrate formed above.
Precautions
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Following are the precautions:
- Before beginning your experiment, thoroughly clean the apparatus. After washing, rinse your equipment with distilled water.
- For the preparation of the gum colloidal solution, do not use tap water.
- Do not pour the fine gum paste into the boiling water all at once. You must gradually add it to the boiling water. The only thing that remains is the gum sol.
- Finely grind the gum to make a fine paste of gum.
- Work carefully while the distilled water is heating on the burner.
Things to Remember
Following are some important points:
- The dispersed phase refers to the colloidal component that is present in a small portion of the sample.
- Direct mixing is an easy way to create a lyophilic colloidal solution in a colloid chemistry experiment. While the lyophobic colloidal solution is created using a unique method.
- In nature, the formation of lyophilic colloid solution is reversible. In nature, the formation of lyophobic colloidal solutions is irreversible.
- Lyophilic solution has no charge and does not exhibit the Tyndall effect.
- This experiment is similar to the one described in To Prepare Colloidal Solution (sol) of Starch, except that instead of boiling water, warm water is used because gum is quite soluble in warm water.
Sample Questions
Ques: What Kinds of Colloidal Sol are there? (3 Marks)
Ans: The various types of colloidal sols are as follows:
- Lyophilic Sols: The particles of the dispersed phase have a strong affinity or attraction to the dispersion medium in this type of colloidal solution. These solutions are known as lyophilic sols or colloids because of their strong attraction to the dispersion medium. These solutions are reversible and can be easily formed by mixing.
- Lyophobic Sols: There is no attraction between the particles of the dispersed phase and the dispersion medium in this type of colloidal solution. As a result, these sols are known as lyophobic colloids.
Ques: What is the Colloidal Solution? (2 Marks)
Ans: A colloidal solution is a heterogeneous solution containing particles of varying sizes. Take, for example, milk. The particles are normally invisible to the naked eye. The light reflected by the colloidal sols, on the other hand, is easily visible under an ultramicroscope.
Ques: Define the ‘Tyndall effect’. How is a sol different from an emulsion? (3 Marks)
Ans: When a light beam passes through a colloidal solution and is viewed perpendicular to the incident light's path, the path of light becomes visible as a bright streak. The illuminated path is known as the Tyndall cone, and the phenomenon is known as the Tyndall effect.
A colloidal sol is made up of a solid as the dispersed phase and a liquid as the dispersion medium, such as paint or gold sol. Whereas, an emulsion is a colloidal dispersion in which the dispersed-phase and the dispersion medium are immiscible liquids, such as milk or butter.
Ques: What is the distinction between lyophobic and lyophilic sol? (3 Marks)
Ans: Sols that are lyophobic have substances such as metals, their sulphides, and so on do not form colloidal sols when simply mixed with the dispersion medium. Their colloidal sols can only be made using specific techniques. They have a low hydration level and are irreversible in nature. Extrinsic colloids are another name for them. As2S3 sol is an example.
Lyophilic sols are liquid-loving colloids in which the dispersed phase and dispersion medium have an affinity. As an example, consider the following: starch sol, gum sol, and gelatin sol.
Ques: What is colloidal solution coagulation? Describe briefly any three methods for coagulating lyophobic sols. (3 Marks)
Ans: The process of colloidal particle setting is known as coagulation or sol precipitation. Coagulation methods: Electrophoresis and electrolytes.
Electrophoresis: Colloidal particles move towards electrodes that are oppositely charged.
By combining two sols with opposing charges. Colloidal particles are precipitated by the addition of electrolytes: When an electrolyte is added in excess, the colloidal particles precipitate.
Ques: What is the distinction between multimolecular colloids and macromolecular colloids? Please give one example of each. (3 Marks)
Ans: A multimolecular colloid is an aggregation of a large number of atoms or smaller molecules of a colloidal substance. A macromolecular colloid is a solution that contains colloidal macromolecules.Gold sol, Sulphur sol, and other multimolecular colloids are examples. Proteins, cellulose, and others are macromolecular colloids.
Ques: What is meant by emulsions? Give one example of each of the different types of emulsions. (3 Marks)
Ans: Emulsion: A colloidal solution in which both the dispersed phase and the medium are liquid is referred to as an emulsion. This is a colloidal system of liquids. Emulsions of oil in water are a type of emulsion in which oil is the dispersed phase and water is the dispersion medium. Milk, for example, is an emulsion of liquid fat dispersed in water.
Water-in-oil emulsions in which water is the dispersed phase and oil is the dispersion medium. For example, cod liver oil is an oil emulsion, which means that water is the dispersed phase and oil is the dispersion medium. The emulsion has two applications:
- Emulsification is the process by which fats are digested in the intestines.
- Several oily drugs are prepared as emulsions.
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