What is electrostatic force?

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Jasmine Grover

Education Journalist | Study Abroad Lead

Electrostatic force is one of the four fundamental forces in the universe that comes under electromagnetic force. The other forces include strong nuclear force, weak nuclear force, electromagnetic force, and gravitational force. 

  • Electrostatic force exists between 2 charged particles when they are placed at a distance.
  • Its magnitude depends upon the magnitude of each charge and the distance between these 2 charges.
  • When two like charges repel each other, an electrostatic force of repulsion is generated.
  • When two unlike charges attract each other then the electrostatic force of attraction is generated.

Electrostatic force

  • It is also called the Coulomb's force.
  • Coulomb’s law is used to calculate the force of the attraction or repulsion between two charged bodies.

F = kq1q2/r2

  • Here, k is the proportionality factor,
  • F is the magnitude of the force,
  • q1 and q2 are two electric charges,
  • and r is the distance between them.

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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

  • 1.
    A current of \(4.0\,\text{A}\) flows through a wire of length \(1\,\text{m}\) and cross-sectional area \(1.0\,\text{mm}^2\), when a potential difference of \(2\,\text{V}\) is applied across its ends. Calculate the resistivity of the material of the wire.


      • 2.
        Consider the nuclear reaction \( X \to Y + Z \). Let \( M_x \), \( M_y \), and \( M_z \) be the masses of the three nuclei X, Y, and Z respectively. Then which of the following relations hold true?

          • \( (M_x - M_z)<M_y \)
          • \( (M_x - M_y)<M_z \)
          • \( M_x>(M_y + M_z) \)
          • \( M_x<(M_y + M_z) \)

        • 3.
          In a region, the electric potential varies as \(V = 10 - 50x\), where \(V\) is in volts and \(x\) is in meters. The electric field in the region is

            • \(10\ \text{N/C}\) along \(+x\)
            • \(10\ \text{N/C}\) along \(-x\)
            • \(50\ \text{N/C}\) along \(+x\)
            • \(50\ \text{N/C}\) along \(-x\)

          • 4.
            A wire of length \(L\) is bent round into (i) a square coil having \(N\) turns and (ii) a circular coil having \(N\) turns. The coil in both cases is free to turn about a vertical axis coinciding with the plane of the coil, in a uniform, horizontal magnetic field and carry the same currents. Find the ratio of the maximum value of the torque acting on the square coil to that on the circular coil.


              • 5.

                A magnet held vertically, with its north pole down, is dropped along the axis of a closed solenoid placed vertically on a table. If the observer looks down from the top,

                  • the induced current will flow in the anticlockwise direction.
                  • the induced current will flow in the clockwise direction.
                  • no induced current will flow in the solenoid.
                  • the magnet will fall with a constant velocity.

                • 6.

                  A circular coil of 100 turns and radius $\left(\frac{10}{\sqrt{\pi}}\right)$ cm carrying current of $5.0\,\text{A}$ is suspended vertically in a uniform horizontal magnetic field of $2.0\,\text{T}$. The field makes an angle $30^\circ$ with the normal to the coil. Calculate:

                  (I) the magnetic dipole moment of the coil, and

                  (II) the magnitude of the counter torque that must be applied to prevent the coil from turning.

                    CBSE CLASS XII Previous Year Papers

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