What is spore formation?

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Jasmine Grover

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Spore formation is a type of asexual reproduction that takes place in spores. Spores are unicellular bodies that are formed due to sexual or asexual reproduction in eukaryotic organisms including bacteria, algae, fungi, and plants.

  • Sporogenesis is the process through which spores are formed.
  • Spores are reproductive cells that form a new organism. They are mostly found in sacs that are called sporangia.
  • The hundreds of spores are collected in the sac by plants until it bursts.
  • These spores are then released into the air where they germinate to form a new plant.
  • Fungi such as Rhizopus, Penicillium, and Mushroom reproduce by spore formation.

Spore Formation

Examples of Spore Formation

  • Spores are formed in fungi on sporangium. Minute haploid spores are produced that grow into new organisms. E.g. – Penicillium.
  • Bacteria form another type of spore known as endospores. E.g. – Bacillus
  • Plants solely reproduce asexually through spore formation. They follow an alternation of the generation life cycles where haploid spores are produced by diploid sporophytes that ultimately produce haploid gametophytes. E.g. – liverworts

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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

  • 1.

    Assertion (A) : Hardy-Weinberg principle says that allele frequencies in a population are stable.

    Reason (R) : Hardy-Weinberg principle is applicable only when genetic drift does not occur.

      • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
      • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
      • Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
      • Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

    • 2.

      (i) How does a farmer use dormancy of seed to his advantage ?

      (ii) Differentiate between pea seed and castor seed.


        • 3.

          "Indo-Burma" is considered as a hotspot. What is meant by the term "hotspots" in biodiversity ? List two criteria used for determining a "hotspot". Name any two hotspots of India.


            • 4.
              Identify the parts P, Q, R, S in the figure given below and select the option in the correct order.

                • P - Seed, Q - Thalamus, R - Mesocarp, S - Endocarp
                • P - Thalamus, Q - Seed, R - Endocarp, S - Mesocarp
                • P - Seed, Q - Thalamus, R - Endocarp, S - Mesocarp
                • P - Thalamus, Q - Seed, R - Mesocarp, S - Endocarp

              • 5.
                Assertion (A) : The milk produced by transgenic cow 'Rosie' was nutritionally more balanced product for human babies than natural cow milk.
                Reason (R) : It was human protein enriched milk containing human alpha lactaglobulin.

                  • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
                  • Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the Assertion (A).
                  • Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
                  • Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

                • 6.
                  In Pisum sativum, the flower colour may be violet (V) or white (v). What proportion of the offspring in a cross of "VV × vv" would be expected to be violet?

                    • 25%
                    • 50%
                    • 75%
                    • 100%
                  CBSE CLASS XII Previous Year Papers

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