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Relation between Kilogram and Newton is that they have a proportionate connection, which means that any change in Newton will eventually reflect a change in mass in Kg while keeping acceleration constant. The mass of the body is measured in kilograms (kg) and it is the SI unit of mass. Whereas, Newton is a derived SI unit of force. As per the international system of units (SI unit) Kilogram (kg) is a unit that helps measure the mass of an object. Newton, on the other hand, is considered a derived SI unit which is used to measure force. Simply, the relation between kg and newton is said to be proportional. Thus, this means that any change in the unit of force (in newton) will have to reflect in the change of mass in kg, with acceleration constant.
Read More: Mass and Weight
Key Terms: Newton, Kilogram, Unit of Force, CGS System, Mass, Weight, Force, Motion, Unit of Measurement
What is Newton?
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Newton (abbreviated N), in the International System of Units, is an absolute unit of force (SI units). The force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram at a speed of one metre per second is defined as newton. Newton is named after Sir Isaac Newton, whose second law of motion outlines how a force can affect a body's motion.
In the CGS system, Newton is expressed in terms of dynes.
| 1 N = 1,00,000 dynes |
Newton can simply be expressed as the force which is necessary to offer a mass of one kilogram with an acceleration of one metre per second.
Force (F) in newtons, mass (m) in kilograms, and acceleration (a) in meters per second squared are interrelated with one another. The formula can be expressed by:
⇒ F = ma
This formula can also be applied when F and a are vector quantities that come with magnitude and direction:
F = ma (\(\because\) The direction of force vector F = The direction of the acceleration vector a).
What is One-Newton of Force?One Newton of force can be expressed as the amount of force required to accelerate an object which weighs 1 kg at 1 ms-2 in the same direction as the applied force. The S.I base unit of Newton is kg·ms-2. |
What is Kilogram?
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The kilogram is the base unit of mass in the International System of Units (SI), generally known as the metric system, and is represented by the symbol kg. It is a widely used unit of measurement in science, engineering, and business around the world, and is commonly referred to as a kilo. Thus,
| 1 kg = 1000 grams |
Kilogram is often expressed in terms of the second and the metre, which are both based on the physical constants.
Relationship Between Kilogram and Newton
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When an object is dropped from a specific stature over the ground level, it encounters a power that is solely because of gravity. The object will be subjected to a force when in free fall, which is known as the weight of the body and may be computed as follows:
W = mg...(1)
By estimating how many kilograms are contained in one Newton, we can now construct a relationship between the two. The force experienced by a 1-kilogram mass when dropped from a height above ground level with an initial velocity of zero is,
W = 1Kg x 9.81 m/s²
⇒ W = 9.81 N
The relationship between kg and Newton is directly proportional. As a result, we've come up with the following statement,
9.81 N = 1 kilo force
Thus, a kilogram of force equals 9.81 Newtons. We concluded from our explanation of the relationship between Kg and Newton that they are directly proportional.
⇒ 1Kg = 9.81N
The above Kilograms to Newton formula is employed for conversion. The kilogram to Newton formula is used to convert mass or weight units of measurement. If we utilize the kilogram to Newton's formula, converting one unit to another becomes simple.
Read More: Weight Formula
Previous Year Questions
- The position x of a particle with respect to time t along… [NEET 2007]
- The apparent frequency observed by a moving observer away from… [KEAM]
- The variation of speed (in m/s) of an object with time… [KEAM]
- The linear momentum p of a body varies with time and it is given by…
- The velocity of an object moving in a straight line path is given as…
- A block of mass of 1 kg is moving on the x-axis… [UPSEE 2017]
- If a body moves for 2 s with 15 m/s velocities towards east and then moves… [JCECE 2006]
- A packet is dropped from a flight ascending with a velocity at a height of… [KEAM 2013]
- A child is swinging a swing. Minimum and maximum heights of swing from… [JCECE 2004]
- Which of the options do not represent a force? [KEAM]
- Calculate the impulse from the position-time graph. [AMUEEE 2012]
- Calculate the net force acting on the stone.
- Which of the following statements is true for the particle?
Things to Remember
- The force required to move an object in newtons is proportional to its mass in kilograms.
- The force required to accelerate a mass of one kilogram at a speed of one metre per second is defined as newton.
- The SI unit of mass is kilogram.
- A kilogram of force equals 9.81 Newtons.
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Sample Questions
Ques. What does the abbreviation Kg mean? (2 marks)
Ans. There are seven fundamental units in physics, and Kg is one of them. (Fundamental units are quantities that exist independently of all other units; all other units are derived from them.) Kg is the abbreviation for kilogram.
A kilo is approximately 1000 grams. The kilogram is one of the most basic units in metric systems.
Ques. What does 1 newton stand for? (2 marks)
Ans. The SI unit of force is Newton. It is defined as the force required to accelerate a 1 kilogram (1kg) object by 1 meter per second squared in the applied force direction. In the CGS system, 1N equals 105 Dyne. A dyne is a unit of force in the CGS system.
Ques. Convert 49 kg to Newton using the kilogram to Newton formula. ((2 marks)
Ans. To help find: 49 kilogrammes in Newton
Using the kg to newton conversion formula,
9.8 Newton = 1 kilogramme
49 kilos = 49 kilos x 9.8 kilos
N = 480.2
49 kg = 480.2 N is the answer.
Ques. Is 1 Kg equal to 1 N? (2 marks)
Ans. Kilograms are denoted as 1 Kg. This is a number. We purchase groceries in kilograms (Kg).
Force is denoted by the letter N. Mass multiplied by acceleration equals force.
The application of force is made.
The mass can be measured in kilograms or grams. Acceleration refers to the rise or decrease in velocity quantity. Gravity has a constant acceleration of 9.8 m/s2.
Hence 1 kg is not the same as 1 kilogram.
Ques. Using the kilogram to Newton formula, convert 19.6 kgs to newtons. (2 marks)
Ans: To help find: 19.6 kg in Newton
Using the kg to newton conversion formula,
9.8 Newton Equals 1 kilogram
19.6 kg = 19.6 x 9.8
= 192.08 N
19.6 kg = 192.08 N is the answer.
Ques. An object experiences a net zero external unbalanced force. Is it possible for the object to be travelling with a non-zero velocity? If yes, state the conditions that must be placed on the magnitude and direction of the velocity. If no, provide a reason. (2 marks)
Ans. When an object experiences a net zero external unbalanced force, in accordance with the second law of motion its acceleration is zero. If the object was initially in a state of motion, then in accordance with the first law of motion, the object will continue to move in the same direction with the same speed. It means that the object may be travelling with a non-zero velocity but the magnitude, as well as the direction of velocity, must remain unchanged or constant throughout.
Ques. Two persons manage to push a motorcar of mass 1200 kg at a uniform velocity along a level road. The same motorcar can be pushed by three persons to produce an acceleration of 0.2 ms-2. With what force does each person push the motorcar? (Assume that all persons push the motorcar with the same muscular effort.) (3 marks)
Ans. Let each person apply a force F on a motorcar of mass, m = 1200 kg.
When two people push the car, they just manage to move it at a uniform velocity. It means that their combined force 2F is just balanced by the force of friction due to the road and car moving with a uniform velocity.
When three persons push the car, they apply a total force of 3F on the car.
Now net unbalanced force’ on the car = force applied by three persons – frictional force
= 3F - 2F = F
As of now acceleration a = 0.2 ms?²
Hence,
F = ma = 1200 X 0.2 = 240N
Hence each person pushes the car with a force of 240N
Ques. There are three solids made up of aluminium, steel and wood, of the same shape and same volume. Which of them would have the highest inertia? (2 marks)
Ans. Steel has the highest inertia. As the mass is a measure of inertia, the ball of the same shape and size, having more mass than other balls, will have the highest inertia. Since steel has the greatest density and greatest mass, therefore, it has the highest inertia.
Ques. Deduce Newton’s first law from the second law. (2 marks)
Ans. According to the second law, F = ma
If F = 0, a =0 since m ≠ 0,
But a = (v−u)/ t
or,
v – u =0
so, v = u for whatever time t is taken.
This means that the object will continue moving with uniform velocity, u throughout the time, t. If u is zero then v will also be zero. That is, the object will remain at rest.
Ques. Give a few examples of Newton’s third law of motion. (2 marks)
Ans. A few examples of Newton's third
- Jet aeroplanes and rockets work on the principle of the third law of motion.
In this case, the hot gases come out of a nozzle with great force, i.e., action and the rocket moves ‘ with high speed upwards as a reaction. - If we fill a balloon with air and hold it with its mouth downwards, then when we release the balloon, the air rushes out vertically downwards (action). The balloon moves vertically upwards (reaction).
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