A transformer contains 100 and 150 turns in its primary and secondary coils, respectively.

Ques: The transformer is

1. Step up transformer
2. Step down transformer

A transformer is a device used to transfer electrical energy from one circuit to another through mutual induction. The basic principle of transformer operation is that a changing magnetic field in one coil induces an electromotive force (EMF) in a neighboring coil.

In a step-up transformer, the secondary coil has more turns than the primary coil, resulting in an increase in the output voltage. In the given transformer, the primary coil has 100 turns while the secondary coil has 150 turns. This means that the voltage in the secondary coil will be greater than the voltage in the primary coil.

When an AC current flows through the primary coil, it creates a changing magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary coil. The induced voltage is directly proportional to the number of turns in the secondary coil. Since the secondary coil has more turns than the primary coil, the induced voltage in the secondary coil is higher than the voltage applied to the primary coil. This is how the transformer acts as a step-up transformer.

For example, if the input voltage is 120 volts and the transformer has a turns ratio of 1:1.5 (100 turns in the primary coil and 150 turns in the secondary coil), the output voltage would be:

Output Voltage = Input Voltage x (Number of turns in secondary coil / Number of turns in primary coil)

Output Voltage = 120V x (150/100)

Output Voltage = 180V

Thus, the output voltage is increased from 120V to 180V, making it a step-up transformer.

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