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Botanical name specifically to the scientific name of a plant.
- Botanical name of Groundnut is Arachis hypogaea.
- Groundnuts, sometimes known as peanuts, goobers, pindars, or monkey nuts, are a legume crop produced primarily for their edible seeds.
- It is commonly cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics.
- It is classified as both a grain legume and an oil crop due to its high oil content.
- Botanical name of Banyan Tree is Ficus benghalensis.
- Banyan Tree is a tropical, fast-growing tree that grows to a height of 20 meters in monsoon and rainforest areas.
- They are radically different from their wild species after being domesticated by artificial selection.
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Key Terms: Botanical names, Goundnut, Banyan tree, Biological name, Scientific name, Ficus benghalensis, Arachis hypogaea, Peanuts, Legume family
Botanical Name of Groundnut
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Arachis hypogaea is the botanical name of groundnut.
- Groundnut, like beans and peas, belongs to the legume family (Fabaceae) and is a major food crop.
- This species can only be found in South America.
- Even though the seed of Arachis hypogaea is regarded as a "nut" in the culinary sense, it is a rigid, indehiscent bean or pod and not a real nut in a botanical context.
- The nut is a complex ovary that contains both seed and fruit at the same time.
- Arachis hypogaea, like other legumes, has a synergistic connection with nitrogen-fixing microbes.
- These microbes allow environmental nitrogen to be transformed into a state that plants can use, a trait that farmers found advantageous in supplementing nitrogen-depleted soils.

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Botanical Name of Banyan Tree
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The botanical name of the banyan tree is Ficus benghalensis.
- Ficus benghalensis is a tree indigenous to the Indian Subcontinent that is also known as the banyan, banyan fig, and Indian bamboo.
- India has some of the world's oldest trees in terms of forest coverage.
- It's also called a "strangler fig" because it begins as an epiphyte, meaning it clings to another tree until it suffocates.
- It is a tropical, fast-growing tree that grows to a height of 20 meters and is found primarily in rainy season and rainforest areas.
- Drought and moderate frost are not a problem for it.
- It generates airborne roots that develop downwards as replicating roots on liana-like branches that spread downward.
- When these roots reach the earth, they take root and grow into sturdy trunks.
- Birds like the Indian myna devour the figs grown by the tree.
- Fig seeds are more apt to germinate if they go through the gastrointestinal tract of birds.

Importance of Groundnut and Banyan Tree
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The importance and benefits of Groundnut and Banyan Tree are listed below:
Groundnut
The importance of groundnut is as follows
- Groundnuts are the world's 13th most significant food crop.
- They are the world's fourth-largest producer of consumable oil and the third-largest producer of plant proteins (ICRISAT).
- They are high in consumable oil, a protein that is easily digestible, and carbs.
- Peanuts are a good source of resveratrol, a chemical molecule with anti-cancer, antibacterial, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and lifespan-increasing properties.
- Groundnuts are used in a variety of industries.
- Peanut oil is used to make paint, lacquer, lube oil, leather treatments, furnishing polish, pesticides, and nitroglycerin.
- Many products contain peanut oil and its compounds, and soap is created from saponified oil.
- The oil's protein content is employed in the production of various textile fibres.
Banyan Tree
The following are the importance of the banyan tree
- The digestive system benefits from the banyan tree in various ways.
- The antibacterial and therapeutic qualities of the banyan tree's botanical remedies are extremely beneficial in the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery.
- Banyan tree fibre content is also high, and it is used to actively stop constipation.
- The Banyan tree's plants and compounds are high in anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds.
- These therapeutic characteristics are crucial for reducing the symptoms of arthritis.
- In retail pharmacies, herbal goods such as leaf powder can be used to make vaginal wash.
- The antibacterial substance found in the leaves of the banyan tree aids in the fight against harmful germs and the relief of vaginal illnesses such as leucorrhea.
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Things to Remember
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- The botanical name is the formally recognized and unique name for a plant species.
- It follows a set of international rules called the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN).
- Botanical name consists of two parts i.e. Genus name and Species epithet.
- The genus name comes first, followed by the species epithet, with no space between them.
- The botanical name of Banyan Tree is Ficus benghalensis.
- The botanical name of Groundnut is Arachis hypogaea.
Sample Questions
Ques. What is the botanical name of Groundnut? (1 Mark)
Ans. The botanical name of groundnut is Arachis hypogaea.
Ques. What is the botanical name of Banyan Tree? (1 Mark)
Ans. Ficus benghalensis is the botanical name of the Banyan tree.
Ques. What are the medical benefits of Banyan Tree? (3 Marks)
Ans. Medical benefits of Banyan Tree are:
- The antibacterial capabilities of the bioactive substances found in banyan leaves aid in the treatment of chronic diarrhea and dysentery.
- The products of the banyan tree are effective during congestion because it has a high level of dietary fibre.
- Banyan tree core extract's antibacterial action aids in the battle against bacterial infections that cause gum disease and tooth decay.
- The root extract of the banyan tree is used to make toothpaste because it has germicidal characteristics, which are useful for killing germs.
- For rapid treatment, the resin of the banyan tree is administered to the inflammation and wound.
Ques. How did Groundnut Cultivation Spread? (3 Marks)
Ans. After the European exploration of the New Planet, peanut farming spread all over the world.
- They grew popular in Africa early on, and through slave labor, they were transported to what is now the southeast United States.
- Peanuts were primarily farmed and consumed by southern Blacks as a garden crop prior to the American Civil War.
- Peanuts became more popular among white Southerners and Union forces during the Civil War due to a lack of food in the South.
- Peanut farming was pushed after the war to restore the soil, which had been drained of nitrogen due to years of cotton farming.
Ques. What are the problems associated with Groundnuts? (3 Marks)
Ans. Peanuts are more vulnerable to infection during the growing and storage process.
- Peanuts stored improperly can become infected with the mold fungus Aspergillus flavus, which releases the toxin aflatoxin, which can cause liver impairment and cancer.
- Aflatoxin-producing molds can be found across peanut-growing regions, and when conditions are ideal for fungal proliferation, they can create aflatoxin in peanuts.
- Peanuts can cause severe allergic responses in certain people.
- Exposure to peanuts can result in deadly shock in persons who are allergic to them.
- A single peanut, or even breathing the dirt from peanuts, might produce a deadly reaction in these people.
- Eating foods that have been processed with machinery that has earlier prepared peanuts might also cause an adverse response, making it impossible to avoid such meals.
Ques. Is Banyan useful in the treatment of diabetes? (3 Marks)
Ans. Yes, Banyan is beneficial in the treatment of diabetes.
- Antioxidants abound in supplements made from the banyan tree.
- Antioxidants, as a general property, aid in the prevention of damage caused by free radicals to pancreatic cells, hence boosting insulin release.
- The anti-inflammatory properties of the banyan tree aid in the reduction of pancreas inflammation.
- In our bodies, there are 2 kinds of cholesterol: 'good' and 'bad.'
- The bark of the banyan tree is efficient in decreasing bad cholesterol whilst maintaining a high amount of good cholesterol.
- Diabetes is the most prevalent lifestyle illness in today's world.
- The roots of the tree can be used to make an infusion to treat high blood sugar concentrations.
Ques. What are the properties of the stem of a banyan tree? (3 Marks)
Ans. The stem of a banyan tree is thick and broad, and when coupled with the tree's aerial roots, it becomes even thicker and broader.
- The Banyan tree's stem can grow on its own, but it can also develop on any other plant host over which its seed falls and germinates.
- In carrots, turnips, radishes, and other root vegetables, the stem is often reduced to a very small remnant that remains at the root's top end.
- As most banyans grow in forests, seedlings that hatch on the ground are unlikely to persist.
- Many seeds, on the other hand, fall on the branches and twigs of other trees or human structures, and when they sprout, they grow roots down toward the earth, enveloping part of the host tree or structure.
- Because of this, banyans are sometimes known as "strangler figs."
- This strangling behaviour is seen in a variety of tropical banyan plants that strive for sunlight, particularly those in the genus Ficus.
Ques. What is Groundnut's nutritional value? (3 Marks)
Ans. Groundnuts, known in Ayurveda as Kalaya, were first mentioned in writings around the 14th century for their ability to handle, heal, and treat health issues caused by the kapha and pitta doshas. Peanuts are recommended by traditional healers for a variety of ailments, including skin and hair problems, memory loss, diabetes, loss of weight, and more.
Protein, good fats, and dietary fibre abound in groundnuts. Groundnuts are high in potassium, iron, phosphorus, and B vitamins, all of which have several health benefits. Groundnuts are a terrific source of healthy fats, energy, and fibre that can help you lose weight, reduce your risk of heart illness, and control your blood sugar levels.
Ques. What are Groundnuts’ Health Benefits? (3 Marks)
Ans. Groundnut ingestion on a regular basis gives the skin a healthy glow. Resveratrol, a beneficial monosaturated lipid found in these legumes, reduces excess production of melanin and acne and acne breakouts. Peanuts are high in brain-friendly nutrients, including functional chemicals that help to improve memory, sharpen cognition, and prevent dementia symptoms.
Peanuts are high in beta-sitosterol, a sterol that helps to prevent cancers in the body. It stops tumors from growing, notably in cases of ovarian and breast cancer. Researchers discovered that ingesting peanuts at least three times a week, in any form, such as boiled, soaking, or fried, lowers cancer risk by 58 percent in both men and women.
Ques. What are the consequences of consuming too many groundnuts? (3 Marks)
Ans. Peanuts have a lot of saturated fat, thus eating too many of them is detrimental to our health. Saturated fat intake is linked to health problems such as stroke, cardiac arrest, digestive issues, high blood pressure, blocked arteries, and other health issues.
Peanuts are often high in nutrients. Even while these vitamins are abundant, peanuts have the drawback of being unbalanced. Peanuts, for example, have a high vitamin E content but are lacking in vitamin C. Foods that, even themselves, offer a good mix of everything are frequently found in a decent diet. Peanuts, on the other hand, necessitate supplementation with other vital nutrients.
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