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Fertilizers and manure are basically the compounds that help the soil to regain its quality and help to increase its water holding capacity. Fertilizers are the artificially made compounds whereas the manure are naturally made organic compounds. Fertilizers are made in the industry using different types of chemicals whereas manure can be prepared in the fields in a cost effective manner in which microorganisms help to convert the organic waste into manure.
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Keyterms: Fertilizers, Manure, Soil, Organic waste, Potassium (K), Phosphorus (P), Nitrogen (N), Crops, Excreta, Urine
Read Also: Fertilizers
Fertilizers Definition
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Fertilizers are a form of the chemical substances that help to improve the growth of the plants that help to improve the fertility of the soil. These are artificial chemical components that help to provide nutrition to soil. Fertilizers have three basic components potassium (K), Phosphorus (P), Nitrogen (N). These fertilizers are basically used to enhance the growth of the crops and yield better results.
Manure Definition
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Manure is a form of an organic matter also known as organic fertilizer that is used in agriculture. Manure is formed by decomposing the plants, animal waste like excreta and urine. The animal waste includes phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium because when the animals consume food it includes all these nutrients in it. Manure is a super rich form of organic matter.
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Fertilizers and Manure
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To increase the production and yield in the farming, farmers use different kinds of manure and fertilizers so that they can produce a healthy growth of the crops. Fertilizers are chemical compounds that are artificially made in industries and their excess use can damage the crop growth and also decline the quality of soil and may also vanish out the nutrients present in them. Thus it is very important for the farmers to use the fertilizers in the right way possible. Manure is a form of organic matter that is rich in nutrients and is one of the oldest forms of technique that is used to maintain a healthy condition of the soil and is also cheap and cost effective.
Soil is the basis for a good growth of production of crops. It gives the essential minerals and the nutrients that are required for a crop to grow. Manure and fertilizers can help the soil to regain the lost nutrients. They also help in the soil replenishment.
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Difference between Fertilizer and Manure
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Below mentioned are some of the differences between manure and fertilizers.
| Manure | Fertilizers |
|---|---|
| Manure is an organic compound that is made through the natural process. This is made through using animal and plant waste. | Fertilizers are the inorganic compounds or the artificial compounds. These are prepared in the factory. |
| This is prepared in the fields by using natural organic methods. | This is prepared in the industries using the chemical fertilizers. |
| Manures can be a cheap source of nutrition and can be cost effective. | Fertilizers are chemically made substances that are prepared in the industries. |
| Manure is a naturally made organic substance therefore it doesn't cause any harm to the soil and helps to replenish the nutrients and the quality of the soil. | Fertilizers are the chemically made substances that can cause harm to the soil. Excess use of them can lead to damage to the soil and remove away all the important nutrients present in the soil. |
| Manures help to provide a healthy yield of crops and they don't have any side effects on the crops nor the consumption of such crops cause any problem to humans. | Excess use of fertilizers on the crop lead to damage to the crop and consumption of such types of crops can lead to harmful side effects on the humans. |
| Manure helps to increase the water holding capacity of the soil. | Fertilizers don't help in increasing the water holding capacity of the soil. |
Things to Remember
- Fertilizers are the man made chemical compounds that should be used in an efficient manner because their excess use can lead to degrading the soil quality and may also affect the quality of the crops or the vegetables.
- Manure is an eco-friendly substance that helps the soil to maintain the level of nutrients in the soil.
- Manure is a cost effective product and this helps to replenish the soil with organic compounds.
- Fertilizers are artificially made compounds made in factories.
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Sample Questions
Ques 1. Which is a better source of nutrients for the soil? (2 marks)
Ans. Fertilizers and manure both are rich in nutrients that can help to replenish the soil fertility. Manure are the natural organic compounds that are made through using the natural components like plant and human waste that don't have any chemicals in it thus are also healthy for the soil too. Fertilizers are the chemical compounds that help to provide humus to the soil and also help the soil to retain its nutrients. Excess use of these fertilizers can damage the quality of the soil.
Ques 2. What kind of fertilizers are natural fertilizers? (2 marks)
Ans. There are also natural types of fertilizers known as organic fertilizers that are made from organic matter like excreta from human waste and animal waste, leftover vegetable waste and kitchen waste are also used to form the organic fertilizers. They are put in an earthen pot together or any kind of container that is safe to use and naturally healthy. They try to provide the same kind of nutrients to the plants and the soil.
Ques 3. How are fertilizers made? (2 marks)
Ans. Fertilizers are basically made of three different components: phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen. These three nutrients help to provide different kinds of nutrition to the soil. Phosphorus is basically produced from the mined ores. Nitrogen fertilizers are basically made by mixing the nitrogen that is present in the air with the hydrogen present in the natural gases at a certain temperature to create pressure. Potassium is basically one of the crop nutrients.
Ques 4. How are manure formed? (2 marks)
Ans. Manure is a kind of an organic matter that is made by decomposing the organic waste like kitchen waste like fruits and vegetables leftover, peels from vegetables, human and animal excreta, animal urine or stag or any kind of farm residual is used together to form the manure. Microorganisms help in this process to make the manure. This is one of the most cost effective techniques that helps the soil to increase its water holding capacity as well.
Ques 5. What is the chemical composition of the fertilizers? (4 marks)
Ans. Fertilizers are basically made of three chemical components that are phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen. All these three components have their different roles and are used for better growth of the crop and maintaining the healthy condition of the soil. Nitrogen in fertilizers are used so that plants can have more green leaves. It is one of the most important nutrients that contributes to the growth of the plant. Nitrogen also has a certain amount of proteins present in it which help in the growth of the stem, cells and tissue of the plant. It is also the part of the nucleic acid which is the most important in the formation of the DNA that stores all kinds of genetic information. Potassium directly affects the quality of the plant. It basically decides the health of the plant. It is the key factor that helps in the continuous movement of the water in the plant and also helps to adjust the water pressure in the plants. It also helps in the growth of the enzymes. It is also essential for the synthesis of the proteins. Phosphorus is the chemical that helps in the process of photosynthesis and in respiration. Phosphorus also helps in the growth of the fruits,flowers, seeds and roots. It also helps to reduce diseases. Basically, all these three nutrients help the plants gain their growth and maintain a good condition.
Ques 6. How are manures rich in nutrients? (4 marks)
Ans. Manures are rich forms of organic compost that are formed. Manures are one of the oldest forms of techniques that are used in agriculture. Manures are formed using the waste of animal, human and plant waste. Manures are organic in nature and that's why they help to provide micronutrients. It also helps to increase the water holding capacity of the soil and increase the nutrients of the soil. While in the preparing process of the manure the CO2 that is released also helps to act as the fertilizer. Manures easily dissolve in the water and thus can be easily absorbed by the plants thus giving them a direct source of nutrition. Manure is a combination of phosphorus, carbon, zinc, nitrogen,potassium, magnesium and copper. These nutrients are needed for the plants and soil to grow in a healthy way. The presence of the organic carbon present in the manure helps to enhance the properties of the soil. It helps to increase the water holding capacity. It should be made sure that nothing of the matter is supplied in excess to the soil because it will ruin the soil completely and also the growth of the plant.
Ques 7. What is the difference between fertilizer and manure? (4 marks)
Ans. The difference between manure and fertilizers are:
| Manure | Fertilizers |
|---|---|
| Manures are organic made through decomposing the animal, plant or human waste | Fertilizers are chemical made |
| Manure being an organic compound takes some time to be absorbed by the plants | fertilizers are easily absorbed by the plants |
| Manures are cost effective and easy to make in the fields only | fertilizers are expensive and they cannot be made in the fields |
| Manures do not provide any harm to the soil because of its organic properties | fertilizers are made of the chemical compounds and thus if they are used in excess they may ruin the condition of the soil |
| Manures are not so rich in nutrients | fertilizers being man made in the factories are rich in nutrients like potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus. |
| Manures don't cause any harm to the environment or the soil because of their organic properties | excessive use of the fertilizers causes harm to the environment and also leads to the degeneration of the soil |
Ques 8. What is the benefit of using organic fertilizer over the chemical fertilizers? (4 marks)
Ans. Organic fertilizers also known as manure or commonly known as compost are more beneficial in using then using the synthetic fertilizers. The natural properties of the manure are such that it helps the soil to maintain its healthy condition because of the presence of the organic matter that it consists of. The presence of the carbon in the manure makes it most suitable for the soil because it helps to enable the natural process of feeding the microbes and in return they become the nutrition that the plant and the soil needs. Organic substances have the ability to not ruin the soil and are environment friendly in return. It helps to give a balanced proportion of the nutrients and also helps in the right growth of the roots, stems and overall structure of the plant. They don't cause any harm to the crop or the soil. They also don't cause any type of environmental pollution whereas the synthetic fertilizers cause environmental pollution they completely destroy the soil properties and also cause harm to the soil because of which the crop growth is also damaged. The excess use of the chemical fertilizers also causes the contamination of the groundwater because of which it leads to water pollution as well.
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