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Natural Resources Management is the management and sustainable consumption of natural resources such as land, plants, animals, water, and soil. Objectives of natural resources management and conservation are to protect and preserve the flora and fauna to main the balance in the ecosystem. Without this balance in the ecosystem, the biomass pyramid, food chain, food web, and all related biological activities would collapse affecting the survival of human beings.
Check out: Class 9 Science Chapter 14 Natural Resources
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Key Terms: Natural Resources, Natural Resource Management, Conservation, Preservation, Flora, Fauna
Natural Resource Management (NRM)
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Natural Resource Management is referred to as the management of natural resources such as land, plants, animals, water, and soil. Natural resource management (NRM) implies the management of resources such as animals, plants, soil, and land to develop the quality of life.
The main objective of Natural Resource Management is to emphasize the need to conserve natural resources to meet the need of today and tomorrow. These resources offer ecosystem services that deliver better quality of human life. Moreover, it also considers the way in which people interrelate with natural landscapes.
Particularly, its objective is to provide a deep understanding of the scientific and technical features of resources and ecology. Environmental management is diligently connected to natural resource management.
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Importance of Natural Resources Management
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Importance of Natural Resources Management is listed below:
- There is a necessity to conserve our resources today so that it is available for future generations as well.
- Natural resources are restricted, and there is a crisis for these priceless resources, henceforth it becomes critical to conserving the resources.
- Usage of water and accessibility of water needs to be stable. With a rising population, there is an increasing growth in consumption of water. However, accessibility of freshwater is reduced by the day.
- Natural resources are diminishing every day not just because of overconsumption, but also because it is being polluted and damaged due to deforestation, infrastructure development, modernization, and global warming.
- There is an absolute necessity to manage resources for the living beings and their survival on earth.
Objectives of Natural Resource Management
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Objectives of natural resources are as follows:
- To sustain ecological diversity.
- To offer resources for upcoming generations.
- To maintain basic amenities supply for the people.
- To improve the quality of living of all organisms.
- To maintain the ecological balance for sustainable development.
Read More: Difference between Warm-blooded and Cold-blooded animals
Methods of Management of Natural Resources
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Natural resources must be used in a sustainable custom for the welfare of mankind.
- Several rules and regulations have been passed by the Government over the years to protect and impose penalty on those who hunt or destroy wildlife.
- Government has also delivered rules and laws to limit large-scale businesses from the usage of surplus water and strict instructions are provided for proper sewage to guarantee water bodies around industrial areas are not getting contaminated.
- Government is also taking care to control the release of air pollutants by industries which can cause harmful respiratory diseases.
- Waste water recycling and treatment plants should be set up to treat all the waste water which could be reused for secondary purposes instead of releasing the untreated sewage water into the sea and thus polluting it.
- Wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, reserved forests, zoological parks are maintained by the government for the conservation of flora, fauna and other natural resources.
- Water bodies cleaning and restoration projects are undertaken by several NGOs and government to preserve the water resources.
- The government has adopted methods, encouraged people to recycle and reclaim products as much as possible.
- Usage of plastic has also been banned which decreases pollution to a huge extent.
Management of natural resources emphasizes the need to stop over-exploitation of resources. For example, with the development of agriculture practices, the usage of pesticides has become destructive to the environment as well as for the consumption of food. All this has increased the necessity for natural resource management prudently.
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Approaches to Natural Resources Management
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Various approaches are applied to the sustainable management of natural resources which are as follows –
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Integrated Natural Resource Management: This management refers to regulating the use of natural resources in a systematic manner. This approach comprises various aspects of the use of natural resources like socio-political, economic, and biophysical in order to meet the requirements of stakeholders as well as focus on the conservation of the environment.
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Adaptive Management Approach: This is considered to be the flexible approach where resource management follows the process of planning, performing, learning based on past performance, and adapting according to what has been learned. The main components here are – a collection of data, evaluation of the data which is collected, risk management, and community engagement.
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Community-based Natural Resource Management: This approach refers to a community that is dependent on the ecosystem and vice versa. Therefore, this approach rveals a community’s participation in making decisions as well as the conservation of their environment.
Check out Natural Resources PYQs: Plants Growing in Soil
Things to Remember
- Natural resource management refers to the management of resources such as animals, plants, soil, land to develop the worth of life.
- Natural resources are restricted, there is a crisis for these resources, henceforth wants to be managed.
- The objective of natural resource management is to sustain ecological diversity.
- To offer resources for upcoming generations.
- To maintain employment amenities for people.
- Avoid careless dumping of substances such as plastics and glassware as these have a harmful effect both on soil and water.
Check out Natural Resources PYQs: Speed of Rain
Sample Questions based on Natural Resource Management
Ques. What is the principle of Natural Resources management? (1 mark)
Ans. The 8 principles of Natural Resources Management are as follows:?
- Accountability
- Adaptability
- Capability
- Fairness
- Integration
- Involvement
- Legitimacy
- Transparency
Ques. State the objectives based on different factors of natural resource management. (3 marks)
Ans. The objectives of natural resource management are to achieve sustainability by creating a healthy equilibrium between the following three factors:
- Social factors: people, communities, etc.
- Economic factors: employment, jobs, money, etc.
- Environmental factors: animals, plants, biodiversity, etc.
Also check: Sustainability of Natural Resources
Ques. What does the term Natural Resources mean? (1 mark)
Ans. Natural resources are possessions that are present naturally in the environment that we exploit for existence as well as commercial determination.
Ques. What are the two main approaches to the Management of Natural Resources? (2 marks)
Ans. Two methods to the sustainable management of natural resources comprise adaptive management and community-built natural resource management.
Ques. Why do we need to accomplish our Natural Resources? (2 marks)
Ans. Natural resources management is needed for equal and stainable allocation amongst humans, not just for this generation but also for the forthcoming ones.
Ques. Why is sustainable natural resources management is needed to be studied? (3 marks)
Ans. Sustainable management of natural resources is significant to be studied because it benefits to use of resources cleverly without unnecessary usage and without sacrificing future generation's requirements. Studying about reuse is better than recycling, meanwhile, it takes both energy and resources to recycle materials.
Ques. What are the objectives of natural resource management? (3 marks)
Ans. The objectives of natural resources are as follows:
- To sustain ecological diversity.
- To offer resources for upcoming generations.
- To maintain employment amenities for people.
Ques. How can we conserve natural resources? (3 marks)
Ans. We can conserve natural resources in the following ways:
- Wastage of water is one of the major concerns that has to be addressed. The treatment of water gathered from domestic and industrial waste is important to fulfill the huge daily demand of the vast population.
- Avoid careless dumping of substances such as plastics and glassware as these have a harmful effect both on soil and water. Instead of disposing of them in nature, we can recycle and reuse them.
- Soil management practices should be practiced to reduce soil loss due to soil erosion and improper land use.
Ques. Why is natural resources management important? (2 marks)
Ans. Natural resource management is referred to as the strategy to deal with both renewable and nonrenewable resources. Global warming, overpopulation, industrial expansion, and other factors have an effect on natural resources such as land, soil, water, plants, and animals. This is the reason why the management of natural resources has become very significant.
Ques. How do the advantages of exploiting natural resources with short-term aims differ from the advantages of managing our resources with long-term aims? [Foreign]
Ans. Exploiting resources with the short-term aim is basically to reap huge profits while using resources with a long-term perspective is to reap the benefit in a sustainable way so that these will last for the upcoming generations.
Ques. What are some examples of Natural Resource Management? (2 marks)
Ans. Some of the examples of Natural Resource Management are as follows:
- River, lakes, and ponds cleaning projects
- Coastal zone fisheries management
- Conservation of Biodiversity
- Community-based forestry
- Soil and water conservation
- Irrigation water management
- Micro-watershed management
Ques. What do you mean by sustainable management? The environmentalists are insisting upon “sustainable natural resource management”. What are its four advantages? [All India (C)]
Ans. Sustainable management refers to the management of natural resources which require a long-term perspective so that they last for future generations and are not to be exploited by the short-term profits.
Its four advantages are as follows:
- Resources last for a longer duration.
- It provides steady economic growth.
- It helps in ecological conservation.
- It reduces pollution.
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