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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 Biotechnology and Its Applications are provided in this article. It covers all the important definitions, concepts, and methodologies that will be really beneficial for the students appearing for CBSE Class 12 Exam 2022-23. The important topics that are included in this chapter are:
- Biotechnology In Agriculture
- Applications of Enzymes
- Transgenic Animals
- Genetically modified organisms
- Human insulin
Expected no. of Questions: 3-4 questions of around 6 marks.
Download PDF: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 11 Biotechnology and Its Applications
NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 11
Class 12 Biology Chapter 12 Biotechnology and Its Applications: Important Topics
Biotechnology includes the technology and the application of living organisms and their components to develop, modify, and produce a useful product for human welfare and is defined as the Broad Area of Biology. The term ‘Biotechnology’ was coined in the year 1919 by agricultural engineer Karoly Ereky, hence he is called the father of Biotechnology. The term ‘Biotechnology’ was coined in the year 1919 by agricultural engineer Karoly Ereky, hence he's called the father of Biotechnology.
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Biotechnology in Agriculture
Agricultural biotechnology can be defined as a set of scientific techniques which can improve plants, micro-organisms, and animals based on DNA and its concepts. However, the use of biotechnology in agriculture is considered to be more effective than that of agrochemicals. The latter is somewhat unfeasible for farmers and believed to be responsible for causing environmental distress.
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Application of Enzymes
In human cells, there are approximately 1300 different enzymes which include amylase, pepsin, trypsin, pancreatic lipase, ribonuclease, and deoxyribonuclease. All these enzymes are involved in the various chemical processes such as the breakdown of large starch molecules, proteins, and other nucleic acids.
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Genetically Modified Organisms
Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), also known as transgenic organisms, are the organisms in which DNA from the desired organism is inserted in the laboratory. GMOs are created in the laboratory using scientific methods like Recombinant DNA technology and Reproductive cloning.
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