NCERT Solutions for class 12 Biology chapter 14: Eco System 

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Jasmine Grover

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 14 Ecosystem are provided in this article. This Chapter 14 is included in Unit X- Ecology and Environment. The article covers all the important definitions, concepts, and methodologies that will be really beneficial for the students appearing for CBSE Class 12 Exam 2022-23. The important topics that are included in this chapter are:

Expected no. of Questions: 1-2 questions of around 3 marks.

Download PDF: NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 14 Ecosystem


NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology Chapter 14

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  • Structure of the Ecosystem

The structure of an ecosystem is characterized by the amalgamation of both biotic and abiotic components. This comprises the distribution of energy in our environment. It also includes the climatic conditions prevailing in that particular environment. 

The structure of an ecosystem can be split into two main components, namely: 

  • Biotic Components: These components refer to all life in an ecosystem.  Based on nutrition, biotic components can be categorized into autotrophs, heterotrophs, and saprotrophs or decomposers.
  • Abiotic Components: The non-living component of an ecosystem are called abiotic components. It includes air, water, soil, minerals, sunlight, temperature, nutrients, wind, altitude, turbidity, etc. 
  • Function of Ecosystem

The functions of the ecosystem include the regulation of the essential ecological processes, support life systems, and rendering stability. It is also responsible for the cycling of nutrients between biotic and abiotic components. Moreover, it maintains a balance among the various trophic levels in the ecosystem. Also, it cycles the minerals through the biosphere. The abiotic components help in the synthesis of organic components that involves the exchange of energy.


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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

  • 1.
    How does a chromosomal disorder differ from a Mendelian disorder ? Write one example for each.


      • 2.

        The process of copying genetic information from template strand of DNA into RNA is called transcription. It is mediated by RNA polymerase. Transcription takes place in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. In transcription, only a segment of DNA and only one of the strands is copied into RNA. 


          • 3.
            Mention the source and the functions of the above mentioned hormones.


              • 4.
                (I) Write the scientific names of the two species of filarial worms causing filariasis.
                (II) How do they affect the body of infected persons ?
                (III) How does the disease spread ?


                  • 5.

                    Study the given chart showing evolution of plants. Answer the following questions : 


                      • 6.
                        Explain Gause’s 'Competitive Exclusion Principle' and provide a suitable ecological example that demonstrates this principle in nature.

                          CBSE CLASS XII Previous Year Papers

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