NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers deals with Alcohols and phenols that are formed when a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon, aliphatic and aromatic respectively, is replaced by –OH group. The important topics in Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers chapter include:

Expected no.of questions: 2 to 3 questions of total 6 marks

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11

The NCERT Solutions for class 12 Chemistry chapter 11 are as given below.

Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 11 Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers – Important Topics

Alcohol: Compound where one or more hydroxyl group [OH] is directly attached to the carbon atom of an aliphatic system.

Classified into Mohohydric alcohols, Dihydric alcohols and Triydric alcohols depending on the number of hydroxyl groups.
Also classified into Primary alcohol, Secondary alcohol and Tertiary alcohol based on carbon atom bonded to the hydroxyl group.

Phenols: Compound where one or more hydroxyl group [OH] is directly attached to the carbon atom of an aromatic system.

Classified into Mohohydric phenols, Dihydric phenols and Triydric phenols depending on the number of hydroxyl groups.

Ethers: Compound formed when a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon is substituted by an alkoxy or aryloxy group (R-O/Ar-O).

Classified into Symmetric and Unsymmetric ethers.

Ester Formation

(CH₃CO)₂O + C₆H₅OH + NaOH → CH₃COONa + CH₃COOC₆H₅ + H₂O

[Phenyl Acetate]

C₆H₅COCl+C₆H₅OH+NaOH → C₆H₅COOC₆H₅+NaCl+H₂O

[Phenyl Benzoate]

Commonly used alcohols: Methanol, Ethanol, Isopropyl alcohol, Ethylene Glycol.

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Chapter Related Links
Physical and Chemical Properties of Alcohol	Kolbe’s Reaction	Etard Reaction
Benzyl Alcohol	Methyl Salicylate	Fehling’s Test
Tollen’s Test	Phenol Preparation	Cannizzaro Reaction

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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
Consider the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide \( (\mathrm{H_2O_2}) \) as per the equation given below : \[ 2\mathrm{H_2O_2} \xrightarrow[\text{Alkaline medium}]{I^-} 2\mathrm{H_2O} + \mathrm{O_2} \] The mechanism for this reaction was found to be : Step I : \( \mathrm{H_2O_2} + I^- \longrightarrow \mathrm{H_2O} + IO^- \) (slow) Step II : \( \mathrm{H_2O_2} + IO^- \longrightarrow \mathrm{H_2O} + I^- + \mathrm{O_2} \) (fast) (a) Write the rate law expression. (b) Determine the order of reaction with respect to \( \mathrm{H_2O_2} \), \( I^- \) and overall order of reaction. (c) What is the molecularity of the reaction in Step II ?
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2.
Write the name of basic building units of proteins and nucleic acids. How can you differentiate between Fibrous and Globular proteins on the basis of their structures ?
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3.
Explain the Finkelstein reaction.
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4.
A reaction \( \mathrm{A \rightarrow B} \) follows second order kinetics. How will the rate of reaction be affected if the concentration of (i) A is increased by three times, and (ii) A is reduced to half ?
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5.
(a) Define 'Denatured Protein' with an example.
(b) What happens when glucose reacts with HCN ? Write the reaction involved.
(c) Name the disease caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C.
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6.
From the given data of \(E^{\circ}\) values, answer the following questions :
(I) Why \(E^{\circ}_{M^{2+}/M}\) show irregular trend in the above values ?
(II) Why is \(E^{\circ}_{Cu^{2+}/Cu}\) value exceptionally positive ?
(III) Why \(E^{\circ}_{Mn^{2+}/Mn}\) value is highly negative ?
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