NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Physics Chapter 3: Current Electricity

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 3 Current Electricity are given in this article. Current electricity is the electricity that powers our homes and electrical devices. Current electricity is named for the way electrons move. They “flow” in one direction- like a river current. The study of electrons in motion like this is called Electrodynamics.

The chapter along with the unit Electrostatics has a weightage of 16 marks in CBSE Class 12 Physics exams. The NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 3 covers concepts of electric current, Ohm’s law, emf, cells in series and parallel, Kirchhoff’s Rules, etc.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Physics Chapter 3

The NCERT Solutions for class 12 physics chapter 3: Current Electricity is as given below.

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Chapter 3 Physics Class 12 Important Topics

Current electricity is the flow of electrons from one section of the circuit to the another.

There are two types of Current Electricity –

Direct Current is the current electricity whose direction stays the same. It is the constant flow of electrons from a high electron density region to a region of low electron density.
Alternating Current is the current electricity that keeps changing the direction of the charge flow.

When 2 bodies at different potentials are linked with a wire, the free electrons move from Point 1 to Point 2, until both objects reach the same potential. The current stops flowing after that.

Electromotive Force: Electromotive force is the electric potential that is either produced by an electrochemical cell or produced by changing the magnetic field.
Voltage: Voltage is the electric potential difference between any two points.

Ohm’s Law states that the electric current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference (V) applied across its ends.

It can be represented as

V = IR

Electrical Resistance is the obstruction that is offered by a conductor in the path of the flow of current.

The formula of electrical resistance is R = V/l.

Electrical resistance of a conductor R = ρl/A

where l = length of the conductor,

A = cross-section area, and

ρ = resistivity of the material of a conductor.

The current electricity can be generated through various methods.
- Both alternating and direct current can be generated by moving a metal wire through a magnetic field.
- Direct Current can be generated by a battery through chemical reactions.

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Ohm’s Law	Combination of Resistors	Cells, emf, and internal resistance
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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

1.
A square loop of side 0.50 m is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.4 T perpendicular to the plane of the loop. The loop is rotated through an angle of $60^\circ$ in 0.2 s. The value of emf induced in the loop will be:
- 5 V
- 3.5 V
- 2.5 V
- Zero V
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2.
Consider the nuclear reaction $ X \to Y + Z $. Let $ M_x $, $ M_y $, and $ M_z $ be the masses of the three nuclei X, Y, and Z respectively. Then which of the following relations hold true?
- $ (M_x - M_z)<M_y $
- $ (M_x - M_y)<M_z $
- $ M_x>(M_y + M_z) $
- $ M_x<(M_y + M_z) $
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3.
(I) The real image of an object placed between $f$ and $2f$ from a convex lens can be seen on a screen placed at the image location. If the screen is removed, is the image still there? Explain.
(II) Plane and convex mirrors produce virtual images of objects. Can they produce real images under some circumstances? Explain.
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4.
A current of $4.0\,\text{A}$ flows through a wire of length $1\,\text{m}$ and cross-sectional area $1.0\,\text{mm}^2$, when a potential difference of $2\,\text{V}$ is applied across its ends. Calculate the resistivity of the material of the wire.
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5.
Draw the plot of potential energy of a pair of nucleons as a function of their separation. Write two important conclusions that can be drawn from this plot.
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6.
A wire of length $L$ is bent round into (i) a square coil having $N$ turns and (ii) a circular coil having $N$ turns. The coil in both cases is free to turn about a vertical axis coinciding with the plane of the coil, in a uniform, horizontal magnetic field and carry the same currents. Find the ratio of the maximum value of the torque acting on the square coil to that on the circular coil.
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