NCERT Class 8 Science Book

NCERT Class 8 Science textbook consists of 18 chapters that cover various important concepts related to physics, chemistry, and biology that students will learn in higher classes. 

This article has chapter-wise downloadable pdfs and NCERT solutions along with notes to help students excel in their examinations.

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Download PDF for NCERT Textbook for Class 8 Science

• NCERT Class 8 Science Textbook in English
• NCERT Class 8 Science Textbook in Hindi 

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NCERT Class 8 Science Chapters in English

The NCERT Class 8 Science chapter-wise pdfs and NCERT Solutions are given in the following table:

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Science Class 8 Chapter-Wise Important Concepts

Chapter-wise important concepts fro class 8 Science are listed below.

Chapter 1: Crop Production and Management

Chapter 1 discusses in detail the lifecycle of a crop, the various irrigation methods, and ways to protect the crops from pests. The following topics from Chapter 1 of NCERT Class 8 Science textbook is provided for the reference of students:

• Irrigation
• Cotton Cultivation
• Crop Yield Improvement
• Agricultural Implements
• Rabi Crops Vs Kharif Crops
• Separation Methods
• Molds Vs Yeasts

Also Read: Improvement in Food Resources: Important Questions

Chapter 2: Microorganisms – Friend and Foe

Chapter 2 introduces students to the good and bad microorganisms found in our surroundings, their application, diseases caused by the harmful microorganisms, and the various food preservation methodologies. Listed below are essential concepts from Chapter 2 of NCERT Class 8 Science:

• Microorganisms
• Food Preservation
• Chemical Use in Food Preservatives
• Food Adulteration
• Nitrogen Fixation

Also Read: Microbes in Human Welfare MCQs

Chapter 3: Synthetic Fibers and Plastics

Chapter 3 of NCERT Class 8 Science textbook covers the topic of synthetic fibers, their types, salient features and applications in everyday life. The following important topics are good references:

• Synthetic Fibres
• Man-Made Fibres
• Plastics
• Animal Fiber
• Plant Fiber

Also Read: Fiber to Fabric MCQs

Chapter 4: Materials – Metals and Non-Metals

Chapter 4 talks about the physical and chemical properties of metals and non-metals, their reactions with acids, bases, and water, and general applications. The following important concepts from Chapter 4 of NCERT Class 8 Science will help students in understanding the materials around us better:

• Metals and Non-Metals
• Physical Properties of Metals and Non-metals
• Metal and Non-Metal Formula
• Refining Metals
• Reactivity Series
• Occurrence of Metals
• Metals & Non-Metals Reactions

Also Read: Metals & Non-Metals Important Questions

Chapter 5: Coal and Petroleum

Chapter 5 familiarises students with the types of natural resources, the origin of coal and petroleum, and their purification for various industrial and everyday applications. The important topics for students to refer to and learn from Chapter 5 of NCERT Class 8 Science textbook are listed below:

• Natural Resources
• Sustainability of Natural Resources
• Petroleum
• Natural Gas
• Coal
• Types of Fuel
• Fossil Fuel
• Bio-Diesel

Chapter 6: Combustion and Flame

Chapter 6 introduces students to the concept of combustion, its types, flame, and its structure and familiarises students with fossil fuels. The important topics from Chapter 6 of NCERT Class 8 Science textbook are given below:

• Combustion Reaction
• Combustion Formula
• Spontaneous Combustion
• Heat of Combustion
• Fuel Efficiency
• Chemical Properties of Carbon Compounds

Also Read: Chemical Reaction: Important Questions

Chapter 7: Conservation of Plants and Animals

This chapter talks about deforestation, flora-and fauna, endemic species and various ecosystems like Biospheres, Wildlife Sanctuaries and National Parks. Listed below are the important topics from Chapter 7 of NCERT Class 8 Science:

• Importance of Ecosystem
• Components of Ecosystem
• Flora and Fauna
• Endemic Species
• Biosphere Reserve
• Recycling of Paper
• Deforestation
• Red Data Book

Also Read: The Living World: Important Questions

Chapter 8: Cell – Structure and Functions

Chapter 8 of NCERT Class 8 Science Textbook covers details about the cell, its structure, and important functions. Students also learn to differentiate between plant and animal cells. The following essential topics will help students to understand the chapter better:

• Nucleus
• Cell Membrane
• Nuclear Membrane
• Plasma Membrane
• Cytoplasm
• Binary Fission
• Stages of Meiosis
• Macromolecule
• Plant Cell

Also Read: Cell Cycle & Cell Division: Important Questions

Chapter 9: Reproduction in Animals

Chapter 9 explains the modes of reproduction in animals and the male and female reproductive organs in humans. It further discusses fertilization and ways in which fertilization can occur in the case of animals. Listed below are the important topics from Chapter 9 of NCERT Class 8 Science textbook:

• Reproduction
• Asexual Reproduction in Animals
• How do Organisms Reproduce?
• Cryptosporidium Life Cycle
• Sexual Reproduction
• Lizard and Moth Life Cycle
• Sexual and Asexual Reproduction

Chapter 10: Reaching the Age of Adolescence

This chapter introduces students to the changes occurring during adolescence and puberty, the hormonal changes occurring in boys and girls, and educates them about overall reproductive health. Some of the essential topics covered in Chapter 10 of NCERT Class 8 Science textbook are given below:

• Adolescence and Drug Abuse
• Adolescence Vs Puberty
• Male and Female Reproductive System
• Sex Determination
• Sex Hormones
• Phases of Menstrual Cycle and Menstrual Hormones
• Change at Puberty

Chapter 11: Force and Pressure

Students learn to distinguish between force and pressure, the different types of forces, the pressure exerted by fluids, and atmospheric pressure. Chapter 11 of NCERT Class 8 Science Textbook covers the following topics:

• Pressure
• Unit of Pressure
• Force Vs Pressure
• Effects of Forces
• Stress Vs Strain

Also Read: Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Chapter 12: Friction

Chapter 12 discusses the force of friction, factors affecting it and the concept of fluid friction in detail. The following topics from Chapter 12 of the NCERT Class 8 Science Textbook can be used for study reference:

• Frictional Force
• Types of Friction
• Static Friction
• Unit of Moment of Inertia
• Rolling Friction
• Static Friction
• Coefficient of Static Friction

Chapter 13: Sound

Chapter 13 discusses sound produced by vibrating objects, humans and introduces students to the concepts of frequency, time period and amplitude. Noise pollution and measures to limit it are also briefly discussed. Important topics from Chapter 13 Sound from NCERT Class 8 Science Textbook are given below:

• Sound
• Unit of Sound
• Speed of Sound Formula
• Production & Propagation of Sound
• Reflection of Sound
• Loudness of Sound

Also Read: Sound: Important Questions

Chapter 14: Chemical Effects of Electric Current

Chapter 14 from NCERT Class 8 Science textbook introduces students to the chemical effects of electric current and electroplating. The key topics are listed below:

• Ohm’s Law
• Electricity Formula
• Unit of Conductivity
• Electric Current and Circuit
• Resistance
• Power in Alternating Current
• Difference between kVA and kW

Also Read: Electric Charges MCQs

Chapter 15: Some Natural Phenomena

Chapter 15 from NCERT Class 8 Science textbook introduces students the concept of lightning, types of charges experienced around us, and earthquakes- causes and protection measures. Following are the essential topics covered in the chapter:

• Natural Phenomena due to Sunlight
• Advanced Sunrise and Delayed Sunset
• Lightning
• Rainbow: Spectrum of Light
• Motion of Celestial Bodies in Space
• Moon: The Natural Satellite

Chapter 16: Light

Chapter 16 familiarizes students with the laws of reflection, its types, how humans perceive sunlight through their eyes and the Braille System for the blind. The important topics for NCERT Class 8 Science are provided below:

• Light Sources
• Reflection of Light
• Laws of Reflection
• Difference Between Reflection and Refraction
• Speed of Light
• Types of Spherical Mirrors
• Uses of Plane Mirrors
• Uses of Concave Lens
• Uses of Convex Lens

Also Read: Light: Important Questions

Chapter 17: Stars and the Solar System

Chapter 17 Stars and Solar System from NCERT Class 8 Science Textbook discusses the various celestial objects like the moon, stars, and constellations, the components of the solar system and the satellites. The following essential topics can provide additional information:

• The Solar System
• Celestial Bodies
• The Moon
• Lifecycle of Stars
• Variable Star
• Constellations
• Asteroid and Comet Difference
• Earth Satellite

Also Read: Rotation & Revolution

Chapter 18: Pollution of Air and Water

This chapter from NCERT Class 8 Science Textbook covers air pollution, greenhouse effect, water pollution, its causes and purification methodologies of drinking water. The following topics can be used as reference:

• Air Pollution
• Effects of Air Pollution
• Effects of Air Pollution on Plants
• Greenhouse Effect
• Cause and Effects of Water Pollution
• Algal Bloom
• Water Pollution Control
• Air Vs Water Pollution

Also Read: Air Pollution MCQs

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