Improvement in Food Resources Important Questions

Improvement in Food Resources Important Questions is covered in this article. Food is one of the basic needs of all living beings and organisms require food as one of their basic needs. Fats, proteins, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins are among the nutrients found in food. Animal husbandry and agriculture are the primary sources of food.

Despite the fact that India is a country with a strong agricultural orientation, there is still a food shortage due to the country's growing population. There are a variety of approaches that can be used to prevent individuals from going without food. The first is to increase production efficiency. The second step is to ensure that all people have access to food, and finally, people must have the financial resources to purchase food.

Read More: Crop Production

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Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark Questions)

Ques. What benefits do grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables provide?

Ans. Cereals are high in carbs, pulses are high in protein, and fruits and vegetables are high in vitamins and minerals.

Ques. What are weeds? Give two examples.

Ans. Unwanted plants that grow in fields are known as weeds. Amaranthus and Chenopodium are two common weeds.

Ques. What is crop rotation?

Ans. Crop rotation is the practice of farming a variety of crops in a predetermined order on the same piece of land.

Ques. What is hybridization?

Ans. Hybridization is the process of crossing genetically different plants. Two crop types are chosen in this technique, each with at least one desirable characteristic like high yield or disease resistance.

Ques. Which food items primarily supply proteins?

Ans. Pulses such as gram, pea and lentils supply protein. 

Ques. Give two examples of fodder crops.

Ans. Berseem and Sudan grass are two fodder crops. 

Ques. What is pasturage, and how does it relate to beekeeping?

Ans. Pasturage refers to the blossoms from which bees can gather nectar and pollen. Honey's value or quality is determined by its pasturage. Furthermore, the flavour of the honey will be influenced by the type of flowers present.

Ques. How do plants get nutrients?

Ans. Air, water, and soil are all sources of nutrients for plants.

Read More: Plant Breeding

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Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Questions)

Ques. What factors could be causing grain losses during storage?

Ans. Both biotic and abiotic factors may contribute to grain losses during storage:

• Abiotic parameters include environmental humidity and temperature, as well as grain moisture content.
• Biotic factors include species that feed on grains, such as rodents, bacteria, fungi, and some insects.

Ques. What are drones?

Ans. Drones are aerial gadgets used in agriculture to increase agricultural yield and track crop growth. They help farmers establish irrigation, fertilizer, pesticide, and seed systems for agricultural fields. These instruments have transformed agriculture by helping farmers to save huge amounts of money while simultaneously increasing efficiency and profitability.

Ques. What are the hazards of using fertilizers?

Ans. The hazards of using fertilizers are as follows: 

• Soil quality impact- Fertilizer application causes a loss of organic matter and deterioration of soil structure.
• Eutrophication – Excessive fertilizer use leads to nitrate buildup in the soil. Nitrates and phosphates are washed into lakes, ponds, and rivers, where they foster excessive algal growth.

Ques. What occurs when there is a nutritional deficiency in plants?

Ans. Plants require nutrients to maintain their health and to carry out every biological process in their bodies. Nutrient deficiency impacts a variety of physiological processes in plants, including reproduction, growth, disease susceptibility, and so on, and can eventually lead to the plant's mortality.

Ques. Why should crop protection be based on preventative measures and biological control methods?

Ans. Plants are similar to humans in that prevention is better than cure. The crop is sprayed with herbicides, weedicides, insecticides, pesticides, fungicides, and other chemicals.

Careful seedbed preparation, timely crop sowing, intercropping, and crop rotation are also required because their excessive use can harm agricultural plants and damage the environment.

Ques. What is a layer and a broiler? What are the differences between the two?

Ans. An egg layer is a poultry bird that lays eggs, whereas a chicken or broiler is a meat-producing poultry bird. Layer requirements differ from housing (shelter), food, and environmental requirements. Broiler feed is high in protein and vitamins, with low-fat content.

Ques. What is green manuring? What is a good example of green manure?

Ans. Green manure is formed from herbaceous plants that have been cultivated, ploughed under, and mixed with the soil while still young. This method is known as green manuring.

Some of the plants used as green manure include sun hemp, cluster bean (guar), lentil (maser), and cowpea (Berseem)

Ques. What is the definition of genetic manipulation? What role does it play in agricultural practices?

Ans. Genetic manipulation is a strategy for changing the genetic make-up of crop plants so that desired characteristics can be achieved.

The advantages of genetic manipulation are as follows: 

• It develops cultivars with high yields.
• It results in the emergence of disease-resistant strains.
• It produces cultivars that are pest-resistant.
• It produces cultivars with a short maturation time and stable maturity.
• It generates variations of higher quality.

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Long Answer Questions (3 Marks Questions)

Ques. What are the benefits of mixed-species aquaculture?

Ans. Some of the advantages of composite fish farming are as follows:

• Both native and imported fish species can be used in such systems.
• Due to the non-competitive character of selected species, food is harvested in all parts of the water reservoir.
• The number of fish in the water reservoir will be increased (intensive fish farming).

Ques. What are the benefits of poultry farming over cattle farming?

Ans. The following are some of the advantages of chicken farming versus cattle farming:

• The financial investment is minimal.
• There is a minimum quantity of space required.
• It's easy to cope properly.
• Returns are processed in a timely manner.

Ques. What are the advantages of effective animal husbandry practices for farmers?

Ans. The scientific management of livestock animals is referred to as animal husbandry. It covers a broad range of subjects. There are other things to consider, including feeding, breeding, and disease control.

As the world's population expands and living standards rise, so does the demand for milk, eggs, and meat. Furthermore, as the need for proper animal welfare has been more widely recognised, new limits on livestock production have been introduced. As a result, the productivity of cattle must be increased. Good animal husbandry practices, such as providing good food and preventing illnesses in cattle, can help farmers acquire improved quality and quantity of goods.

Animal Husbandry

Ques. Define intercropping. Mention its advantages.

Ans. The practice of farming two or more crops in rows on the same field at the same time is known as intercropping. The advantages of intercropping are as follows: 

• Productivity is increased.
• Farming two or more crops at the same time saves space and time.
• It contributes to the long-term preservation of soil fertility.

Read More: Agriculture Soil

Ques. Discuss the precautions that should be used when storing grains.

Ans. The following are some grain storage precautions:

• Drying: The moisture content of the grains should be reduced to less than 14% for grain storage. Drying in the sun and afterwards drying in the shade is a nice method.
• Hygiene must be maintained, with godowns and storage being cleaned on a regular basis.
• Remove any dirt, garbage, webs, or debris from the grains that were previously stored. It's critical to waterproof and seal cracks and gaps in the walls, floor, and ceiling. New gunny bags should be used to store food grains. Once the gunny bag has been filled, the mouth should be tightly sealed.

Ques. List down the signs and symptoms of a diseased animal.

Ans. The signs and symptoms of a diseased animal are as follows: 

• As a result of the condition, the animal stops eating and becomes lethargic, fatigued, and solitary. 
• As the animal's body temperature rises, it shivers.
• The animal secretes an excessive amount of saliva, which can occasionally hang from its mouth.
• The animal excretes a mix of loose dung and brightly coloured urine.
• The jaws and ears of the animal droop.

Read More: Modes of Transmission of Diseases

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Very Long Answer Questions (5 Marks Questions)

Ques. Differentiate between mixed cropping and Intercropping.

Ans. The following are the differences between mixed cropping and intercropping:

Ques. Give the differences between Rabi and Kharif crops?

Ans. The following are the differences between Rabi and Kharif crops:

Kharif Crops VS Rabi Crops

Ques. List the various methods of weed control.

Ans. Controlling weeds can be done in a variety of ways, including

• Mechanical methods: Weeds are taken out by hand, using a khurpa (trowel), or with a hoe.
• Cultural Technique: Seedbed preparation, timely seed sowing, intercropping, and proper rotation are examples of cultural approaches.
• Chemical approaches: Weeds can be controlled with chemicals like 2,4-D.

Read More: Weed Crop Protection

Ques. Write the difference between Manure and Fertilizer.

Ans. The following are the differences between Manure and Fertilizer:

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