Uses of Rectifier: Definition, Types of Rectifiers, Applications

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Tenability seems to be the latest quotation nowadays and one vital component for sustainability of many metals structures is cathodic protection that is CP. And what better way one can find to protect infrastructure (metal) than to abate corrosion. The most common stirring current voltage sources are Rectifiers which break down. Properly maintained rectifiers provide continuous CP, which reduce not only cost but also time of labour/ technician. This particular article discusses about the definition, facts and uses of rectifiers.

Key Terms: Rectifier, Basic principle of a rectifier, Alternating current, Direct current, Rectification, Electrical current, Semiconductor, Electrical component, AC voltage, DC voltage


What is Rectifier?

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Rectifier can be defined simply as an electrical component that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). It can be compared to a one-way valve which allows an electrical current to flow in only single direction. And this process of conversion of AC Current into DC Current is called as rectification. Further, rectifier can have physical form in Solid-state diodes, Vacuum tube diodes, Mercury-arc valves, Silicon-controlled rectifiers, silicon-based semiconductor switches and many others.

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Types of Rectifiers

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There are various types of rectifiers as discussed below:

Types of Rectifiers

Types of Rectifiers


Applications and Uses of Rectifier

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Well as we know now that the basic principle of a rectifier is to convert AC current into DC current. Hence rectifiers are widely used in the power distribution of almost all electronic equipment’s. As in power supplies, a rectifier is placed in series followed by the transformer, a smoothing filter, and possibly a voltage regulator.

Below are discussed a few applications and uses of rectifier:

RECTIFIER IN POWERING APPLIANCES:

  • As you are aware of the fact that all electrical devices use DC power for constant functioning and with the help of rectifier in the power supply it helps in easy conversion of AC into DC power supply.
  • For conversion of high AC voltage to low DC voltage, bridge rectifiers are vastly taken into use.

RECTIFIER IN TRANFORMERS:

  • The use of a half-wave rectifier can be considered for achieving desire DC voltage by using step up or step-down transformers.
  • Full-wave rectifier are also used in powering up the motor and led, which works on DC voltage.

RECTIFIER IN SOLDERING:

  • In soldering iron types of circuit half-wave rectifier is used.
  • It is also used in mosquito repellent for driving the lead for fumes.
  • In electric welding, for balanced and polarized DC Voltage Bridge rectifiers are considered.

RECTIFIER IN AM RADIO:

  • In AM Radio as well a half wave rectifier is used as a detector as the output consists of an audio signal.
  • The intensity of current is less, it is of very little use to the more complex rectifier.

RECTIFIER IN CIRCUITS:

  • In firing circuits and pulse generating circuits’ use of half wave rectifier is considered.

RECTIFIER FOR MODULATION:

  • A half wave rectifier is used for demodulating the amplitude of a modulated signal.
  • In case of radio signal, a full-wave bridge rectifier is used for detection of the amplitude of a modulating signal.

RECTIFIER IN VOLTAGE MULTIPLIER:

  • For the purpose of the voltage multiplier, a half-wave rectifier is used.

Things to Remember

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Following are some points which should be cleared by the readers:

  • The fact that rectifier is used in electronic equipment you should be careful enough to familiarize yourself with any hazard point within the rectifier by reviewing physical layout.
  • Do not install or energize a rectifier if in case it is damaged.
  • Inspect and tighten any connection if found loose.
  • Do not start the rectifier at any tap or control setting apart from minimum.
  • Do not overload a rectifier in any situation.
  • Do not mount any additional equipment inside a rectifier without prior approval from manufacturer.
  • Installation of rectifier should be proper so that it does not obstruct any vent which is required for cooling.

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Sample Questions

Ques: What is a Rectifier? (2 marks)

Ans: A rectifier can be defined as an electrical component that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). And the process of conversion of AC Current into DC Current is called as rectification. A rectifier can be in the form of Solid-state diodes, Vacuum tube diodes, Mercury-arc valves, etc. also, a rectifier is in single phase and three phase.

Ques: Give the names of 3 basic types of rectifiers? (2 marks)

Ans: There are three basic types of rectifiers, and they are:

  • Half-wave rectifier: It is a type of rectifier which allows only one-half cycles of AC voltage to pass and blocking the other half cycle.
  • Full-wave centre-tapped rectifier: It uses a centre tapped transformers and two diodes to convert AC into DC voltage.
  • Full-wave bridge rectifier: This makes use of both half cycles to convert AC into DC voltage.

Ques: What type of rectifier is used in Circuit, Modulation, and Voltage multiplier? (2 marks)

Ans: The rectifier used in Circuit, Modulation, and Voltage multiplier is a half wave rectifier. It allows only one-half cycles of AC voltage to pass and blocking the other half cycle

Ques: Note few points to be remembered while handling rectifier? (3 marks)

Ans: Few points to be remembered while handling rectifier are:

  • One should familiarize oneself before installing rectifier.
  • One should not energize or overload a rectifier.
  • Do not start a rectifier at any tap or control steins apart from minimum.
  • Do not mount any additional equipment inside a rectifier without prior approval of a manufacturer.

Ques: How rectifiers helps in sustainability? (2 marks)

Ans: Rectifiers act as a great tool that helps in mitigating and controlling corrosion. It is an effective tool in providing effective cathode protection. For long lasting output it requires minor repair and frequent maintenance and proper monitoring at times. And it can be used safely which helps ensure reliable and long-term rectifier operation.

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CBSE CLASS XII Related Questions

  • 1.
    Two air-filled capacitors of capacitances $C_1$ and $C_2$ are connected in parallel with a dc battery. After the capacitors are fully charged, a slab of dielectric constant K is inserted between the plates of each capacitor. How will the (i) charge on each capacitor and (ii) energy stored in the capacitor affected after the slab is introduced.


      • 2.
        A student sets up the circuit as shown in the figure to find the value of unknown resistance X and records a set of readings of the voltmeter and the ammeter by using the rheostat.


          • 3.
            Capacitors are manufactured with certain standard capacitances and working voltages. However, these standard values may not be the ones that are actually needed in a particular application. Two or more capacitors can be grouped in series or in parallel to achieve desired capacitance and voltage. When connected in series, the total capacitance decreases while the voltage rating increases, whereas in parallel connections, the total capacitance increases and maintains the same voltage rating. A capacitor stores energy in the electric field between its plates and stored energy is proportional to the square of the voltage and capacitance $U = \frac{1}{2}CV^2$, where symbols have their usual meanings.
            Two capacitors, one of $3 \ \mu$F and the other of $6 \ \mu$F, are connected in series in the circuit as shown in the figure, for a long time. }


              • 4.
                A charged particle $+q$ in an electric field $\vec{E}$ experiences a force in the direction of the electric field. As a result, its kinetic energy changes. Similarly, the charged particle also experiences a force when it moves in a magnetic field $\vec{B}$. But this magnetic force is perpendicular to both velocity $\vec{v}$ of the charged particle and the magnetic field $\vec{B}$, so it cannot change the kinetic energy of the charged particle. Consider two charged particles 1 and 2 of masses $m$ and $\frac{m}{2}$ having charges $-q$ and $+2q$ respectively. They are accelerated from rest through the same potential difference $V$ and acquire kinetic energy $K_1$ and $K_2$. Then they enter in a region of uniform magnetic field $\vec{B}$ perpendicular to their velocities.


                  • 5.
                    Two metal spheres of radii $r_1$ and $r_2$ ($> r_1$) having charges $q_1$ and $q_2$ respectively kept in air, are brought in contact. Which of the following statements is not correct ?

                      • The total charge of the two spheres is conserved.
                      • Both spheres attain the same potential.
                      • The final potential of the system equals $\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{(q_1 + q_2)}{(r_1 + r_2)}$
                      • The final potential of the system equals $\frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \frac{(q_1 + q_2) (r_1 + r_2)}{r_1 r_2}$

                    • 6.
                      With the help of a labelled diagram, explain the principle, construction and working of an a.c. generator.

                        CBSE CLASS XII Previous Year Papers

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