CUET 2026 May 24 Shift 1 Political Science Question Paper is available for download here. NTA conducted the CUET 2026 exam from 11th May to 31st May.
- CUET 2026 Political Science exam consists of 50 questions for 250 marks to be attempted in 60 minutes.
- As per the marking scheme, 5 marks are awarded for each correct answer, and 1 mark is deducted for incorrect answer.
Candidates can download CUET 2026 May 24 Shift 1 Political Science Question Paper with Answer Key and Solution PDF from links provided below.
CUET 2026 Political Science May 24 Shift 1 Question Paper with Solution PDF
| CUET May 24 Shift 1 Political Science Question Paper 2026 | Download PDF | Check Solutions |
On which issue does India stand to benefit from its relationship with Russia?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question:The question asks in which area India gains from its ties with Russia. We need the option that is a real benefit of this partnership today.
Step 2: Key Fact or Approach:
Russia is India's long standing friend. The relationship brings India support on Kashmir, energy security, access to Central Asia, defence equipment, nuclear energy cooperation and help in space and technology.
Step 3: Check option 1.
The Cold War alliance to power blocs belongs to the past. India followed non-alignment and did not join any power bloc. The Cold War blocs no longer exist in that form, so this is not a present benefit for India. So option 1 is WRONG.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Russia has strong links with the Central Asian republics, which were once part of the Soviet Union. Good ties with Russia help India build energy and trade links and strategic access in Central Asia. This is a benefit India draws from the relationship. So option 2 is CORRECT.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Russia is not a member of SAARC at all, and SAARC is a South Asian group. Russia has no role as a founding member of SAARC, so this cannot be a benefit of the Russian relationship. So option 3 is WRONG.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Building a stable democracy in Pakistan and Bangladesh is the work of those countries and their people. Russia has no such role, and it is not a part of the India-Russia partnership. So option 4 is WRONG.
Final Answer:
India gains access to Central Asia through its relationship with Russia, which is option 2. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]
In which one of the following steel plants did Russia not give aid and assistance to India?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question:We must find the steel plant where the Soviet Union or Russia did not help India. Three plants had Russian help and one did not.
Step 2: Key Fact or Approach:
The Soviet Union helped India set up heavy industry. It gave aid for the steel plants at Bhilai, Bokaro and Visakhapatnam. These are the plants named in the NCERT chapter on the end of the Cold War and India-Russia ties.
Step 3: Check option 1.
Bhilai Steel Plant in Chhattisgarh was built with Soviet help in the 1950s. So Russia did give aid here, and this cannot be the answer. So option 1 is WRONG.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Bokaro Steel Plant in Jharkhand was set up with Soviet technical and financial help in the 1960s and 1970s. So Russia did give aid here as well. So option 2 is WRONG.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Visakhapatnam Steel Plant in Andhra Pradesh also received Soviet assistance. So Russia did give aid here too. So option 3 is WRONG.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Bankura is a district in West Bengal. It is not known for any Soviet aided steel plant. Russia gave no aid for a steel plant at Bankura, so this is the odd one out. So option 4 is CORRECT.
Final Answer:
Russia aided Bhilai, Bokaro and Visakhapatnam, but not Bankura, so the answer is option 4. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
Which of the following were the consequences of shock therapy administered in post-communist regimes?
(A) People lost their savings due to high rate of inflation.
(B) Valuable industries were undervalued and sold at throw away prices.
(C) Privatisation led to reduction of disparities between rich and poor regions.
(D) The withdrawal of government subsidies pushed large sections of the people into poverty.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question:Shock therapy was the sudden shift from state controlled economies to free market capitalism in Russia and eastern Europe after 1990. We must pick the statements that describe its results.
Step 2: Key Fact or Approach:
From the NCERT chapter on the end of bipolarity: the value of the Russian rouble fell, inflation soared, people lost savings, big industries were sold cheaply, subsidies were removed and poverty grew. Inequality between regions and between rich and poor increased, it did not fall.
Step 3: Check option 1.
Statement (A) is true. Prices rose sharply and the rouble lost value, so people lost the savings they had kept in banks. This statement belongs in the answer. So option 1 is WRONG.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Statement (B) is true. State industries were privatised in a hurry. Valuable units were undervalued and sold at throw away prices to a few buyers. This statement belongs in the answer. So option 2 is CORRECT.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Statement (C) is false. Privatisation did not reduce the gap between rich and poor regions. It widened it, because a small group became very rich and many regions became poorer. So any option with (C) is wrong. So option 3 is WRONG.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Statement (D) is true. When subsidies for food, housing and services were withdrawn, many families fell into poverty. This statement belongs in the answer. So option 4 is WRONG.
Final Answer:
Statements (A), (B) and (D) are true and (C) is false. This matches option 2. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]
The Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) was established in ________ by five countries of this by signing the ________ Declaration.
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question:We must fill two blanks: the year ASEAN was founded and the name of the declaration that created it.
Step 2: Key Fact or Approach:
ASEAN was set up on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand. Five countries signed the Bangkok Declaration: Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
Step 3: Check option 1.
The year 1967 is right, but the declaration is wrong. The Bali Concord came much later, in 1976, so this pair is wrong. So option 1 is WRONG.
Step 4: Check option 2.
The year 1967 and the Bangkok Declaration both match the founding of ASEAN. So this pair is right. So option 2 is CORRECT.
Step 5: Check option 3.
The place Bangkok is right, but the year 1968 is wrong. ASEAN was founded in 1967. So option 3 is WRONG.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Both parts are wrong. The year is 1967, and the founding document is the Bangkok Declaration, not a Bali Declaration. So option 4 is WRONG.
Final Answer:
ASEAN was set up in 1967 by the Bangkok Declaration, which is option 2. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]
Which one of the following statements is correct regarding India-China relations?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question:Four statements give a date linked to India-China relations. Only one date and event pair matches the textbook account.
Step 2: Key Fact or Approach:
After the 1962 war, relations improved step by step. The NCERT text says a series of talks on the border began in 1981. Rajiv Gandhi visited China in December 1988, the first visit by an Indian prime minister since Nehru in 1954.
Step 3: Check option 1.
Talks to settle the border dispute began in 1981, and several rounds of them followed. This statement is correct. So option 1 is CORRECT.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Rajiv Gandhi's visit to China took place in 1988, not 1987. So the year is wrong and the statement is false. So option 2 is WRONG.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Narendra Modi's bilateral visits to China were in 2015 and 2018 (the Wuhan informal summit). The textbook does not record a 2017 visit as a bilateral milestone, so this is not the accepted correct statement. So option 3 is WRONG.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Xi Jinping visited India in 2014 and in 2019 (Mamallapuram). No visit by him took place in 2018, so this statement is wrong. So option 4 is WRONG.
Final Answer:
Only the statement about border talks starting in 1981 is correct, so the answer is option 1. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 1}} \]
Arrange the following landmark events of European integration in the correct chronological order:
(A) The Lisbon Treaty came into force
(B) The Schengen Agreement abolishes border controls
(C) Euro, the new currency, was introduced in the 12 members countries
(D) The EU is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question:We must put four events of European integration in the order they happened, from earliest to latest.
Step 2: Key Fact or Approach:
The dates are: Schengen Agreement 1985 (in force 1995), Euro introduced in 12 countries in 2002 (agreed 1999), Lisbon Treaty came into force in 2009, and the EU received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2012.
Step 3: Check option 1.
Option 1 starts with the Lisbon Treaty (2009) and ends with Schengen (1985). That is almost the reverse of the real order, so it is wrong. So option 1 is WRONG.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Option 2 gives Schengen (1985), Euro (2002), Lisbon (2009), Nobel Prize (2012). Each date is later than the one before it, so this order is correct. So option 2 is CORRECT.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Option 3 starts with the Euro (2002) and puts Schengen (1985) after it. Schengen came first, so it is wrong. So option 3 is WRONG.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Option 4 starts with the Nobel Prize (2012), which is the latest event. So it cannot be right. So option 4 is WRONG.
Final Answer:
The correct order is (B), (C), (A), (D), which is option 2. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]
In 1959, the Congress government at the Centre dismissed the Communist government in Kerala under which Article of the Constitution of India?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question:The question asks for the Article used to dismiss the first elected Communist government in Kerala in 1959.
Step 2: Key Fact or Approach:
Article 356 allows the President to impose President's Rule in a state when the constitutional machinery fails. It was used in 1959 against the E. M. S. Namboodiripad government in Kerala.
Step 3: Check option 1.
Article 358 deals with the suspension of Article 19 rights during an emergency. It has nothing to do with dismissing a state government. So option 1 is WRONG.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Article 360 deals with a financial emergency. It was not used against the Kerala government. So option 2 is WRONG.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Article 357 gives the powers of Parliament to make laws when a state is under President's Rule. It follows Article 356 but is not the one that dismisses a government. So option 3 is WRONG.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Article 356 is the provision on failure of constitutional machinery in a state. The Centre used it in 1959 to dismiss the Kerala government. So option 4 is CORRECT.
Final Answer:
The Kerala government was dismissed under Article 356, which is option 4. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
What was the reason for the extraordinary success of the Congress in the first general election of independent India?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question:We need the main reason behind the huge win of the Congress in the 1951-52 general election.
Step 2: Key Fact or Approach:
The Congress had led the freedom struggle and was a broad party. It was a rainbow-like coalition that took in all classes, castes, religions and regions, and that all-inclusive nature gave it its large base.
Step 3: Check option 1.
The election was a multi-party contest, but that does not explain the Congress victory. Communal riots at the time of Partition did not help it win in this way. So this is not the reason. So option 1 is WRONG.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Congress support came from all over the country, in rural and urban areas, and from all regions. It was not limited to urban areas in Hindi speaking states. So option 2 is WRONG.
Step 5: Check option 3.
The Congress brought together farmers, workers, industrialists, many castes and religions and several ideologies. This inclusive nature was the main reason for its success. So option 3 is CORRECT.
Step 6: Check option 4.
The Congress did not lead any agitation to replace English with Hindi. This is not a reason for its win in 1952. So option 4 is WRONG.
Final Answer:
The all-inclusive nature of the Congress explains its success, which is option 3. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
Who among the following was not a leader of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh?
View Solution
Step 1: Understand the question.The question asks us to pick the person who was NOT a leader of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh. The Bharatiya Jana Sangh was a political party formed in 1951. It merged into the Janata Party in 1977, and its members formed the Bharatiya Janata Party in 1980.
Step 2: Recall the founders and leaders.
The party was founded in 1951 under the leadership of Shyama Prasad Mukherjee. Other well known leaders over the years were Deen Dayal Upadhyaya and Balraj Madhok. All three are linked with the party in the chapter on one-party dominance.
Step 3: Check option 1: Deen Dayal Upadhyaya.
He was a major thinker and later the president of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh. He gave the party its idea of Integral Humanism. So he was a leader of the party, and option 1 is not the answer.
Step 4: Check option 2: Balraj Madhok.
He was a leading figure of the Jana Sangh and served as its president in the 1960s. So he was a leader of the party, and option 2 is not the answer.
Step 5: Check option 3: Ajay Ghosh.
Ajay Ghosh was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of India in the 1950s. He belonged to the left, not to the Jana Sangh. So option 3 is the person who was not a Jana Sangh leader.
Step 6: Check option 4: Shyama Prasad Mukherjee.
He founded the Bharatiya Jana Sangh in 1951 and was its first president. So option 4 is wrong for this question.
Final Answer:
Ajay Ghosh was a Communist Party of India leader, so he was not a leader of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh. This is option 3. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3: Ajay Ghosh}} \]
Arrange the following events related to Indian politics in the correct chronological order.
(A) Third General Elections
(B) The Bharatiya Jana Sangh was formed
(C) Split in the Communist Party of India
(D) Formation of the Socialist Party
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understand the question.We must put four events of early Indian politics in order of time, earliest first. So we need one year for each event.
Step 2: Find the year of each event.
Formation of the Socialist Party: 1948. Formation of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh: 1951. Third General Elections: 1962. Split in the Communist Party of India: 1964.
Step 3: Build the sequence.
Earliest is (D) 1948, then (B) 1951, then (A) 1962, then (C) 1964. So the order is (D), (B), (A), (C).
Step 4: Check option 1: (B), (D), (C), (A).
This puts the Jana Sangh (1951) before the Socialist Party (1948), and the CPI split (1964) before the Third General Elections (1962). Both are wrong, so option 1 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 2: (B), (C), (D), (A).
This starts with the Jana Sangh and puts the 1964 split before the 1948 Socialist Party. That breaks the time order, so option 2 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 3: (D), (A), (B), (C).
It starts correctly with (D), but it puts the 1962 elections before the 1951 Jana Sangh. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 7: Check option 4: (D), (B), (A), (C).
This matches 1948, 1951, 1962, 1964 exactly. So option 4 is correct.
Final Answer:
The correct order is Socialist Party (1948), Jana Sangh (1951), Third General Elections (1962), CPI split (1964). This is option 4. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4: (D), (B), (A), (C)}} \]
Which of the following statements are correct about resistance to globalisation?
(A) Anti-globalisation movements participate in global networks.
(B) The 1999 World Trade Organisation (WTO) Ministerial Meeting in Seattle witnessed widespread protests.
(C) The World Social Forum (WSF) is a global platform opposed to neo-liberal globalisation.
(D) In February 2024, the WSF meeting was held in Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understand the question.We must check four statements about resistance to globalisation and find which ones are true. Then we match the true set with one of the options.
Step 2: Check statement (A).
Anti-globalisation groups do not stay isolated. They link with similar groups in other countries through global networks, meetings and the internet. So (A) is TRUE.
Step 3: Check statement (B).
In 1999 the WTO Ministerial Meeting in Seattle saw huge street protests by labour groups, environmentalists and others. This is a well known example of resistance. So (B) is TRUE.
Step 4: Check statement (C).
The World Social Forum is a global platform where movements meet to oppose neo-liberal globalisation. It began in 2001 at Porto Alegre, Brazil, as a counter to the World Economic Forum. So (C) is TRUE.
Step 5: Check statement (D).
The WSF meeting of February 2024 was held in Kathmandu, Nepal, not in Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre hosted the early editions in 2001 to 2003. So (D) is FALSE.
Step 6: Match with the options.
The true statements are (A), (B) and (C). Options 2 and 4 include (D), and option 3 includes all four, so they are wrong. Option 1 is correct.
Final Answer:
Statements A, B and C are true and D is false. This is option 1. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 1: (A), (B) and (C) only}} \]
Those who argue that there is something distinct about contemporary globalisation, point out to which one of the following?
View Solution
Step 1: Understand the question.Some scholars say globalisation is old, but others say the present form is new and different. We need the argument made by this second group.
Step 2: Recall the argument.
Those who see contemporary globalisation as distinct say that the scale and the speed of flows of ideas, capital, goods and people are far greater today than in the past. Technology has made this possible.
Step 3: Check option 1.
This says that globalisation has happened through much of human history. That is the argument of the group that sees globalisation as an old process, not a new one. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 4: Check option 2.
This says that globalisation is not purely cultural. It is a point about its many sides and not about what is distinct. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3.
This talks about an uneven impact on the Global North. The usual claim is about uneven impact on the Global South, and it is not the point on uniqueness. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Scale and speed of flows is exactly the reason given for the uniqueness of the present phase. So option 4 is correct.
Final Answer:
The distinct feature of contemporary globalisation is the scale and speed of flows. This is option 4. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
Which one of the following is not correct regarding the political consequence of globalisation?
View Solution
Step 1: Understand the question.This is a 'not correct' question. Three options are true facts about the political effects of globalisation, and one is false. We must find the false one.
Step 2: Recall the main point.
Globalisation reduces the capacity of the state. The idea of the welfare state is giving way to a minimalist state that limits itself to core functions. The market becomes more important.
Step 3: Check option 1.
This says the minimalist state is giving way to a welfare state. It is the reverse of what happens. The welfare state is being replaced by the minimalist state. So option 1 is NOT correct, and it is our answer.
Step 4: Check option 2.
The state still keeps its core functions of law and order and national security. So option 2 is correct.
Step 5: Check option 3.
With economic liberalisation the market decides economic and social priorities to a large degree. So option 3 is correct.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Multinational companies influence policy and take decisions that limit what governments can do. So option 4 is correct.
Final Answer:
Option 1 reverses the real trend, so it is the statement that is not correct. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 1}} \]
Which of the following statements are related to the First Five Year Plan (1951-1956)?
(A) Huge allocations were made for the Bhakhra Nangal Dam.
(B) It identified the pattern of land distribution in the country.
(C) It imposed substantial tariffs on imports.
(D) It sought to push savings up.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understand the question.We must find which of the four statements describe the First Five Year Plan, which ran from 1951 to 1956.
Step 2: Recall the plan.
The First Plan was drawn up by the Planning Commission using the Harrod-Domar idea. Its focus was agriculture, irrigation, power and a higher rate of savings.
Step 3: Check statement (A).
Big money went to dams and irrigation in this plan, such as Bhakra Nangal and Hirakud. So (A) is TRUE.
Step 4: Check statement (B).
The plan saw the pattern of land distribution as the main cause of low farm output and stressed land reform. So (B) is TRUE.
Step 5: Check statement (C).
Heavy tariffs on imports to protect industry belong to the Second Plan (1956-61), with its stress on import substitution and heavy industry. So (C) is FALSE for the First Plan.
Step 6: Check statement (D).
The plan sought to push up the rate of savings to raise investment. So (D) is TRUE.
Step 7: Match with the options.
The true set is (A), (B) and (D), which is option 2. Options 1, 3 and 4 include (C), so they are wrong.
Final Answer:
The First Plan fits A, B and D. This is option 2. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2: (A), (B) and (D) only}} \]
India's Third Five Year Plan (1961-1966) was criticised for which of the following?
View Solution
Step 1: Understand the question.We need the criticism that was made of the Third Five Year Plan (1961-66).
Step 2: Recall the background.
The Third Plan carried forward the heavy industry stress of the Second Plan. Critics said that its strategy favoured cities and industry over villages and farming.
Step 3: Check option 1.
Food shortage was a result of drought and war in the mid 1960s, and it is not the main named criticism of the plan design. So option 1 is not chosen.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Spending foreign exchange on technology was part of the planned approach, and it is not the standard criticism of the Third Plan. So option 2 is not chosen.
Step 5: Check option 3.
The strategy was said to show an unmistakable urban bias, because it put its stress on industry and cities. This is the standard criticism. So option 3 is chosen.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Investment in the green revolution was a later shift after the Third Plan, and it was not a criticism of it. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
The Third Plan was criticised for an urban bias. This is option 3. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
Which one of the following statements does not capture the essence of 'cooperative security'?
View Solution
Step 1: Understand the question.We need the statement that does not fit the idea of cooperative security. Three options are true of it and one is not.
Step 2: Recall the concept.
Cooperative security means that countries, groups and people work together to meet threats, such as terrorism or poverty. Force is used only as the last resort, and only with collective approval.
Step 3: Check option 1.
Cooperation can be bilateral, regional, continental or global. This fits. So option 1 is not the answer.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Non-governmental bodies, businesses and well known people can all take part. This fits. So option 2 is not the answer.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Cooperative security uses force only as the last resort, not as the first choice. So this does NOT capture the idea, and it is our answer.
Step 6: Check option 4.
The form of cooperation depends on the threat and on what the countries want and can do. This fits. So option 4 is not the answer.
Final Answer:
Cooperative security does not use force first, so option 3 is the answer. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
Arrange the following landmark events in the correct chronological order.
(A) India's first nuclear explosion
(B) Chemical Weapons Convention
(C) Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
(D) Anti-ballistic Missile Treaty
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:This question tests the dates of major arms control events and India's own nuclear milestone. We must place four events on a timeline, so the first job is to recall the year of each one.
Step 2: Recall the year of each event.
(C) The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) was opened for signature in 1968 and came into force in 1970.
(D) The Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty was signed between the USA and the USSR in 1972.
(A) India carried out its first nuclear explosion at Pokhran in 1974.
(B) The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) was opened for signature in 1993 and came into force in 1997.
Step 3: Put the years in order.
1968 (C) comes first, then 1972 (D), then 1974 (A), and last 1993 (B). So the correct order is (C), (D), (A), (B).
Step 4: Check option 1.
(C), (B), (A), (D) puts the 1993 convention before the 1974 test and the 1972 treaty. That is wrong, so option 1 is incorrect.
Step 5: Check option 2.
(C), (A), (B), (D) puts the 1974 test and the 1993 convention before the 1972 ABM Treaty. That is wrong, so option 2 is incorrect.
Step 6: Check option 3.
(C), (A), (D), (B) puts India's 1974 test before the 1972 ABM Treaty. The first and last places are right, but A and D are swapped, so option 3 is incorrect.
Step 7: Check option 4.
(C), (D), (A), (B) matches the order 1968, 1972, 1974, 1993. So option 4 is correct.
Final Answer:
The events run NPT (1968), ABM Treaty (1972), India's first nuclear test (1974), CWC (1993). This matches option 4. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
What were the challenges faced by independent India?
(A) Shape a nation that was united, yet accommodative of the diversity of Indian society.
(B) Develop democratic practices in accordance with the Constitution.
(C) Divide the administrative apparatus and financial assets and liabilities after partition.
(D) Ensure the development and well- being of the entire society.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question:We must pick the statements that describe the challenges faced by independent India.
Step 2: Check (A):
Shaping a nation that was united yet accommodative of the diversity of Indian society was a major challenge. This is correct.
Step 3: Check (B):
Developing democratic practices in accordance with the Constitution was a major challenge. This is correct.
Step 4: Check (C):
Dividing the administrative apparatus and the financial assets and liabilities after partition is not treated as one of the three main challenges listed in the textbook. The NTA key does not include it.
Step 5: Check (D):
Ensuring the development and well-being of the entire society was a major challenge. This is correct.
Step 6: Match with the options:
(A), (B) and (D) only, which is option 1.
Final Answer:
The challenges are (A), (B) and (D), which is option 1 (as per the NTA final answer key). \[ \boxed{\text{(A), (B) and (D) only}} \]
The intergration of Princely States in India after independence involved which one of the following?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:After 1947 the British left more than 500 princely states free to join India or Pakistan or stay independent. Sardar Patel and V.P. Menon led the work of bringing them into India. We must find the one correct statement about this process.
Step 2: Check option 1.
Hyderabad was not settled by a plebiscite. The Nizam wanted to stay independent, and the Indian Army moved in under Operation Polo in September 1948. A plebiscite was held in Junagadh, not in Hyderabad. So option 1 is FALSE.
Step 3: Check option 2.
The Razakars were a para-military force of the Nizam of Hyderabad. They were used against the people of Hyderabad, not Junagadh. So option 2 is FALSE.
Step 4: Check option 3.
In 1949 the Maharaja of Manipur signed the Instrument of Accession after the Indian government assured him of internal autonomy. Manipur had already held its own elections under a new constitution in 1948. So option 3 is TRUE.
Step 5: Check option 4.
Negotiations with the rulers were led by Sardar Patel, as Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister, with V.P. Menon. Mahatma Gandhi did not take a historic role in these talks. So option 4 is FALSE.
Final Answer:
Only the statement on Manipur is correct, so option 3 is the answer. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
Which cities became divided into 'communal zones' as a consequence of partition?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:Partition in 1947 caused terrible communal violence. In some cities, people of different religions moved into separate areas for safety. These areas were called communal zones.
Step 2: Recall the cities.
The textbook on nation building names Lahore, Amritsar and Kolkata (Calcutta) as the cities that became divided into communal zones. In these cities, Muslims lived in some areas and Hindus and Sikhs lived in others, and the two groups avoided crossing into each other's area.
Step 3: Check option 1.
Lahore, Amritsar and Kolkata match the textbook list exactly. So option 1 is correct.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Lucknow, Srinagar and Delhi are not named in this context. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Lahore is right, but Lucknow and Delhi are not named as communal zone cities. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Lahore and Kolkata are right, but Aligarh is not on the list and Amritsar is missing. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
The cities that split into communal zones were Lahore, Amritsar and Kolkata, which is option 1. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 1}} \]
Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh Samiti emerged under the leadership of-
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:The Dalit Shoshit Samaj Sangharsh Samiti is also known as DS4. It was an organisation formed to bring Dalit and other oppressed groups together in the early 1980s. We must name its leader.
Step 2: Recall the fact.
DS4 was founded in 1981 by Kanshi Ram. It later grew into the Bahujan Samaj Party, which was formed in 1984 under his leadership.
Step 3: Check option 1.
B.P. Mandal headed the Second Backward Classes Commission, known as the Mandal Commission. He had no role in DS4. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Kanshi Ram founded DS4 and later the BSP. So option 2 is correct.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Shyama Prasad Mukherjee founded the Bharatiya Jana Sangh in 1951. He had no link with DS4. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Deen Dayal Upadhyay was a leader and thinker of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh, who gave the idea of integral humanism. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
DS4 was started by Kanshi Ram, so option 2 is correct. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]
Which one of the following statement is correct about 2014 elections?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:The 2014 Lok Sabha election was a turning point, because a single party won a majority after a long gap. We must test four claims about it.
Step 2: Check option 1.
The BJP won 282 seats of the 543 in 2014. It did not win 300 seats. So option 1 is FALSE.
Step 3: Check option 2.
The last time a single party won a majority was in 1984, when the Congress won a huge number of seats. After that, every government until 2014 was formed with a coalition or with outside support. So 2014 ended a gap of 30 years, and option 2 is TRUE.
Step 4: Check option 3.
The BJP had a majority on its own, but it still formed the National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government with its allies, and the allies took ministerial posts. So option 3 is FALSE.
Step 5: Check option 4.
The BJP named Narendra Modi as its Prime Ministerial candidate in September 2013, not in 2012. So option 4 is FALSE.
Final Answer:
Only the claim about the first single party majority after 30 years is correct, which is option 2. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]
India's foreign policy from 1946 to 1964 did not involve-
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:India followed non-alignment in the years from 1946 to 1964 under Jawaharlal Nehru. This meant staying out of the two military blocs and judging each world issue on its merits. The question asks which item was NOT part of this policy.
Step 2: Check option 1.
In 1956 Britain, France and Israel attacked Egypt over the Suez Canal. India protested strongly against this attack. So option 1 was part of the policy.
Step 3: Check option 2.
In the same year, the USSR sent its army into Hungary. India did not publicly condemn the Soviet action and was criticised for being soft on it. So India did NOT do what option 2 says, and option 2 is the answer.
Step 4: Check option 3.
India stayed away from NATO, the Western military bloc. So option 3 was part of the policy.
Step 5: Check option 4.
India also stayed away from the Warsaw Pact, the Soviet bloc. So option 4 was part of the policy.
Final Answer:
India did not publicly condemn the USSR over Hungary in 1956, so option 2 is correct. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]
Arrange the following events in the context of South Asia in the correct chronological order.
(A) India-Pakistan agreement to not attack nuclear installations of each other.
(B) India and Bangladesh sign the Farakka Treaty
(C) India-Sri Lanka free Trade Agreement
(D) India-Sri Lanka Accord
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:These are four agreements between India and its neighbours. To put them in order we need the year of each.
Step 2: Recall the year of each event.
(D) The India-Sri Lanka Accord was signed in 1987.
(A) The India-Pakistan agreement not to attack each other's nuclear installations was signed in 1988.
(B) The Farakka Treaty with Bangladesh on sharing Ganga water was signed in 1996.
(C) The India-Sri Lanka Free Trade Agreement was signed in 1998.
Step 3: Order the years.
1987 (D), 1988 (A), 1996 (B), 1998 (C). So the order is (D), (A), (B), (C).
Step 4: Check option 1.
(A), (D), (C), (B) starts with 1988 and puts the 1998 trade pact before the 1996 treaty. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 2.
(A), (C), (D), (B) puts the 1998 pact before the 1987 accord. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 3.
(D), (A), (B), (C) matches 1987, 1988, 1996, 1998. So option 3 is correct.
Step 7: Check option 4.
(D), (B), (A), (C) puts the 1996 treaty before the 1988 agreement. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
The order by year is the Sri Lanka Accord, the nuclear installations agreement, the Farakka Treaty and the Sri Lanka FTA. This is option 3. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
Match List-I with List-II
| List-I (Neighbouring countries) | List-II (Landmark events) |
|---|---|
| (A) Nepal | (I) India sends troops to foil a coup attempt by mercenaries |
| (B) Sri Lanka | (II) India exchanged enclaves |
| (C) Maldives | (III) Seven Party Alliance (SPA) |
| (D) Bangladesh | (IV) Sent Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) |
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:This is a matching question on India's relations with its neighbours. We match each country with one landmark event, and we use each event only once.
Step 2: Match Nepal.
The Seven Party Alliance (SPA) in Nepal worked with the Maoists in 2006 to end the monarchy's direct rule and bring back democracy. So (A) goes with (III).
Step 3: Match Sri Lanka.
India sent the Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) to Sri Lanka in 1987 after the India-Sri Lanka Accord. So (B) goes with (IV).
Step 4: Match Maldives.
In 1988 India sent troops to the Maldives at the request of its government, to stop a coup attempt by mercenaries. So (C) goes with (I).
Step 5: Match Bangladesh.
India and Bangladesh exchanged their enclaves under the Land Boundary Agreement, which took effect in 2015. So (D) goes with (II).
Step 6: Check the options.
The correct set is A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II. Option 1 pairs Nepal with the coup event, which is wrong. Option 2 does the same. Option 3 pairs Sri Lanka with the coup event, which is wrong. Only option 4 matches all four pairs.
Final Answer:
The correct matching is A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II, which is option 4. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organisation that -
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the ConceptThe question asks which statement correctly describes the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The IMF is one of the main economic organisations linked with the United Nations system. It was set up to keep the world money system stable.
Step 2: Key Facts to Recall
1. The IMF and the World Bank were created at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944 and began work in 1945.
2. The IMF supervises the international monetary system, watches exchange rates and gives loans to member countries with payment problems.
3. The GATT was a trade agreement. Its successor is the World Trade Organization (WTO), formed in 1995.
Step 3: Check option 1
The IMF was not created in 1955. It was born out of Bretton Woods in 1944-45. Also, the GATT was not replaced by the IMF. The WTO took over from the GATT. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 4: Check option 2
The IMF lends money to governments of member countries, mainly when they face balance of payments trouble. It does not give loans or grants to multinational corporations or human rights groups. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3
The peaceful use of nuclear energy is promoted by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), not the IMF. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4
The IMF oversees financial institutions and the rules that work at the international level, and it keeps watch on the global financial system. This matches its role. So option 4 is right.
Final Answer:
The IMF oversees international financial institutions and regulations, which is option 4. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
Where is the International Court of Justice based ?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the ConceptThe International Court of Justice (ICJ) is the main judicial organ of the United Nations. It settles legal disputes between states and gives advice on legal questions sent by UN bodies.
Step 2: Key Fact
The ICJ sits in the Peace Palace at The Hague in the Netherlands. It is the only principal organ of the UN that is not located in New York.
Step 3: Check option 1: Geneva
Geneva hosts the UN Office at Geneva, the WHO, the WTO and the UN human rights bodies. The ICJ is not there. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 4: Check option 2: New York
New York has the UN Headquarters, where the General Assembly and the Security Council meet. The ICJ is the one organ that does not sit there. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3: Washington, DC
Washington, DC is the home of the IMF and the World Bank. It has no link with the ICJ. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4: The Hague
The Hague in the Netherlands is the seat of the ICJ. So option 4 is right.
Final Answer:
The International Court of Justice is based at The Hague, which is option 4. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
In 1992, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution, reflecting three main complaints. Which one of the followin is not one of them?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the QuestionIn 1992 the UN General Assembly passed a resolution about reforming the Security Council. The resolution listed three main complaints. We must find the statement that was not one of those three.
Step 2: Key Facts to Recall
The three complaints, as given in the NCERT textbook on Contemporary World Politics, are:
1. The Security Council no longer represents the political realities of the contemporary world.
2. Its decisions reflect only the values and interests of the Western states and are dominated by a few powers.
3. It lacks equitable representation.
Step 3: Check option 1
Lack of equitable representation is the third complaint in the list. So option 1 was one of the complaints.
Step 4: Check option 2
The idea that the veto conflicts with democracy and sovereign equality is a common criticism in reform debates. But it was not one of the three complaints named in the 1992 resolution. So option 2 is the one that is NOT among them.
Step 5: Check option 3
The charge that decisions reflect only Western values and interests is the second complaint. So option 3 was one of the complaints.
Step 6: Check option 4
The charge that the Council does not reflect present political realities is the first complaint. So option 4 was one of the complaints.
Final Answer:
Option 2 is not one of the three complaints, so it is the answer. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]
Match List-I with List-II
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (United Nations Secretaries-General) | (Contributions) |
| (A) Boutros Boutros-Ghali | (I) Established the Human Rights Council |
| (B) Ban Ki-moon | (II) Issued a report, An Agenda for Peace |
| (C) Dag Hammarskjöld | (III) Resolved the Suez Canal dispute |
| (D) Kofi A. Annan | (IV) Worked for the creation of UN Women |
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the ConceptWe must match four UN Secretaries-General with the work linked to each of them. Each one led the UN in a different period, so we match by recalling what happened in each term.
Step 2: Match (A) Boutros Boutros-Ghali
He was Secretary-General from 1992 to 1996. In 1992 he issued the report An Agenda for Peace, which spoke about preventive diplomacy and peacekeeping. So (A) matches (II).
Step 3: Match (B) Ban Ki-moon
He served from 2007 to 2016. During his term the UN General Assembly created UN Women in 2010. So (B) matches (IV).
Step 4: Match (C) Dag Hammarskjold
He served from 1953 to 1961. He played a major role in handling the Suez Canal crisis of 1956. So (C) matches (III).
Step 5: Match (D) Kofi A. Annan
He served from 1997 to 2006. The Human Rights Council was set up in 2006 as part of his reform push, replacing the old Commission on Human Rights. So (D) matches (I).
Step 6: Compare with the options
The full matching is (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(III), (D)-(I). Option 1 gives exactly this. Option 2 swaps (B) and (C). Option 3 and option 4 start with (A)-(III), which is wrong, because the Suez link belongs to (C).
Final Answer:
The correct matching is A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I, which is option 1. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 1}} \]
Match List-I with List-II
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (Events) | (Year) |
| (A) Establishment of the Department of Defence Supplies | (I) 1962 |
| (B) Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty | (II) 1965 |
| (C) Establishment of the Department of Defence Production | (III) 1966 |
| (D) Tashkent Agreement | (IV) 1968 |
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the ConceptWe must match four events from India's defence and foreign policy with their years. The events come from the period after the 1962 war with China, when India built up its defence structure.
Step 2: Match (A) Department of Defence Supplies
India set up the Department of Defence Supplies in 1965, after the lessons of the 1962 war. So (A) matches (II) 1965.
Step 3: Match (B) Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
The NPT was signed in 1968 and came into force in 1970. India refused to sign it. So (B) matches (IV) 1968.
Step 4: Match (C) Department of Defence Production
The Department of Defence Production was set up in 1962 to make India self-reliant in arms. So (C) matches (I) 1962.
Step 5: Match (D) Tashkent Agreement
The Tashkent Agreement ended the 1965 war between India and Pakistan. It was signed in January 1966. So (D) matches (III) 1966.
Step 6: Compare with the options
The full matching is (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III). This is exactly option 3. Options 1 and 2 put (A) with 1962, which is wrong. Option 4 puts (B) with 1966, which is wrong.
Final Answer:
The correct matching is A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III, which is option 3. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
What marked the zenith of India's engagement with the newly independent Asian and African nations?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the ConceptAfter independence India reached out to other newly free countries of Asia and Africa. This support was part of its policy of anti-colonialism and Afro-Asian solidarity. The question asks for the event that was the peak of this effort.
Step 2: Key Fact
The Bandung Conference of 1955 was held in Indonesia. It brought together leaders of 29 Asian and African countries. Nehru played a big part, and it is called the high point of India's engagement with these nations. It also led to the idea of the Non-Aligned Movement.
Step 3: Check option 1
The Asian Relations Conference of 1947 was held in New Delhi before independence was complete. It was an early step, not the peak. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 4: Check option 2
The 1949 conference on Indonesian freedom was held in New Delhi to back Indonesia against Dutch rule. It was an important gesture, but not the peak. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3
The Bandung Conference of 1955 was the largest and most visible Afro-Asian gathering. So option 3 is right.
Step 6: Check option 4
The Belgrade Summit of 1961 was the first Non-Aligned Movement summit. It came after the peak of the Afro-Asian push and its focus was non-alignment. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
The peak of India's engagement with Asian and African nations was the Bandung Conference, option 3. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
Which of the following statements are correct about the Congress 'Syndicate'?
(A) It was led by S. Nijalingappa, the then president of the Congress party.
(B) It is the informal name given to a group of Congress leaders who were in control of the party's organisation.
(C) After the Congress split, the leaders of the syndicate stayed with the Congress (O).
(D) It included powerful State leaders like S. K. Patil, N. Sanjeeva Reddy and Atulya Ghosh.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the ConceptThe Syndicate was a group of powerful Congress leaders in the 1960s. They had a big say in the party after Nehru died. They picked Lal Bahadur Shastri and then Indira Gandhi as Prime Minister. We must judge each statement.
Step 2: Key Facts to Recall
1. The Syndicate was the informal name for a group of leaders who controlled the party organisation.
2. It was led by K. Kamaraj, the former Chief Minister of Madras and Congress president.
3. Its members included S. Nijalingappa, S. K. Patil, N. Sanjeeva Reddy and Atulya Ghosh.
4. After the 1969 split, these leaders stayed with the Congress (O), and Indira Gandhi's side became the Congress (R).
Step 3: Check statement (A)
The Syndicate was led by K. Kamaraj, not by S. Nijalingappa. Nijalingappa was a prominent member and president of the party in 1968-69, but he was not the head of the Syndicate. So (A) is FALSE.
Step 4: Check statement (B)
The Syndicate was indeed the informal name for the group of leaders who controlled the party organisation. So (B) is TRUE.
Step 5: Check statement (C)
After the Congress split in 1969, the Syndicate leaders sided with the Congress (O), the Organisation group. So (C) is TRUE.
Step 6: Check statement (D)
S. K. Patil of Bombay, N. Sanjeeva Reddy of Andhra Pradesh and Atulya Ghosh of West Bengal were powerful State leaders in the Syndicate. So (D) is TRUE.
Step 7: Pick the option
Only (B), (C) and (D) are true. That is option 3.
Final Answer:
Statements B, C and D are correct, and A is wrong because Kamaraj led the Syndicate. \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
The split in the Congress in 1969 was projected by Indira Gandhi as-
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:In 1969 the Congress party broke into two groups. One group followed Indira Gandhi and the other was led by the senior leaders known as the Syndicate. The question asks how Indira Gandhi explained this split to the public.
Step 2: Key Fact:
Indira Gandhi presented the fight as a clash of ideas. She said she stood for socialism, bank nationalisation and the removal of privileges of the princes. She described her opponents as conservatives who opposed these changes.
Step 3: Check option (1).
The Whip failure over Sanjeeva Reddy is a real event of the 1969 presidential election. Reddy was the official Congress candidate and he lost to V. V. Giri. But this was the trigger of the split, not the way Indira Gandhi projected it. So option (1) is not correct.
Step 4: Check option (2).
The General elections of 1967 were already over by 1969. The split was not planned as a strategy for them. So option (2) is wrong.
Step 5: Check option (3).
The split did the opposite of ending differences. It divided the party into Congress (O) and Congress (R). So option (3) is wrong.
Step 6: Check option (4).
This matches the way she presented the split. She called it a struggle between socialists and conservatives. So option (4) is TRUE.
Final Answer:
Indira Gandhi projected the 1969 split as an ideological divide between socialists and conservatives. This is option (4). \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
Match List-I with List-II
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (Leaders) | (Contribution) |
| (A) Jayaprakash Narayan | (I) Railway employees strike |
| (B) Morarji Desai | (II) Students' protest in Gujarat |
| (C) Chaudhary Charan Singh | (III) Founder general secretary of the Congress Socialist Party |
| (D) George Fernandes | (IV) Founded the Bharatiya Kranti Dal |
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:This is a match the list question on leaders of the Janata period and the events they are linked with. Each leader has one well known contribution.
Step 2: Match (A) Jayaprakash Narayan.
Jayaprakash Narayan was one of the founders of the Congress Socialist Party in 1934 and served as its general secretary. So (A) matches (III).
Step 3: Match (B) Morarji Desai.
In 1974 students in Gujarat protested against rising prices and corruption. Morarji Desai supported them and went on a fast, which led to fresh elections in Gujarat. So (B) matches (II).
Step 4: Match (C) Chaudhary Charan Singh.
Charan Singh left the Congress and founded the Bharatiya Kranti Dal in 1967 with a base among farmers. So (C) matches (IV).
Step 5: Match (D) George Fernandes.
George Fernandes was the leader of the railway workers union. He led the big railway strike of 1974. So (D) matches (I).
Step 6: Compare with the options.
The matches are A-III, B-II, C-IV and D-I. Option (1) gives A-II, which is wrong. Option (2) also gives A-II, which is wrong. Option (3) gives B-IV, which is wrong. Option (4) gives all four correctly.
Final Answer:
The correct matching is A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I. This is option (4). \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
Which amendment was made in the background of the ruling of the Allahabad High Court in the Indira Gandhi case?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:In June 1975 the Allahabad High Court found Indira Gandhi guilty of electoral malpractice in the 1971 Rae Bareli election and set aside her election. The government then changed the Constitution to protect her.
Step 2: Key Fact:
The 39th Amendment of 1975 placed the elections of the Prime Minister, the President, the Vice President and the Speaker beyond the reach of the courts. Such a dispute could be settled only by a body set up by Parliament.
Step 3: Check option (1).
Reservation of OBCs in Parliament and state legislatures has no link with the Allahabad judgement. So option (1) is wrong.
Step 4: Check option (2).
The power to declare Emergency belongs to the President on the advice of the Cabinet. It has no connection with the Speaker's approval or with this case. So option (2) is wrong.
Step 5: Check option (3).
This describes the 39th Amendment, which came directly after the court ruling. So option (3) is TRUE.
Step 6: Check option (4).
During the Emergency the life of the Lok Sabha was extended in steps of one year, not one month. This was also not a response to the Allahabad ruling. So option (4) is wrong.
Final Answer:
The amendment made after the Allahabad High Court ruling was the 39th Amendment, as stated in option (3). \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
Arrange the following events realted to regional aspirations in the correct chronological order.
(A) The Assam Accord
(B) Sikkim asking for full integration with India
(C) Peace Agreement between Rajiv Gandhi and Laldenga
(D) The Anandpur Sahib Resolution
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:We must place four events of regional politics in the order of their years. We need the year of each event.
Step 2: Date of (D).
The Anandpur Sahib Resolution was passed by the Akali Dal in 1973. This is the earliest event.
Step 3: Date of (B).
Sikkim asked for full integration with India in 1974 and became the 22nd state in 1975. So (B) comes after (D).
Step 4: Date of (A).
The Assam Accord was signed between Rajiv Gandhi and the AASU leaders in 1985. So (A) comes after (B).
Step 5: Date of (C).
The Mizo peace agreement between Rajiv Gandhi and Laldenga was signed in 1986. So (C) is the last.
Step 6: Compare with the options.
The correct order is D, B, A, C. Option (1) starts with A, which is wrong. Option (2) starts with A, which is wrong. Option (3) puts A before B, which is wrong. Option (4) matches D, B, A, C.
Final Answer:
The order is 1973, 1974, 1985, 1986, which is (D), (B), (A), (C). This is option (4). \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
Which of the following was not one of the issues that dominated the politics of the North-East till 1980s?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:The question is a NOT type question. We need the one option that was not a main issue of North-East politics before the 1980s.
Step 2: Key Fact:
The NCERT text says that three issues dominated the politics of the North-East till the 1980s. These were demands for autonomy, movements for secession and opposition to outsiders.
Step 3: Check option (1).
Opposition to outsiders was a main issue, as seen in the anti-foreigner movement in Assam. So option (1) was an issue.
Step 4: Check option (2).
An asymmetrical relationship with the Centre is a feature of special constitutional arrangements, such as the one for Jammu and Kashmir. It is not listed as a dominating issue of the North-East. So option (2) is the answer.
Step 5: Check option (3).
Movements for secession were led by groups such as the Mizo National Front and some Naga groups. So option (3) was an issue.
Step 6: Check option (4).
Demands for autonomy led to the creation of new states such as Meghalaya. So option (4) was an issue.
Final Answer:
Asymmetrical relationship with the Centre was not one of the three dominating issues. This is option (2). \[ \boxed{\text{Option 2}} \]
Match List-I with List-II
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| (States) | (Year they were created) |
| (A) Meghalaya | (I) 1963 |
| (B) Punjab | (II) 1966 |
| (C) Goa | (III) 1972 |
| (D) Nagaland | (IV) 1987 |
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:We have to match four states with the year in which they became states. Each year is different.
Step 2: Match (A) Meghalaya.
Meghalaya was carved out of Assam and became a full state in 1972. So (A) matches (III).
Step 3: Match (B) Punjab.
Punjab was reorganised on a linguistic basis in 1966. Haryana was created from it and some hill areas went to Himachal Pradesh. So (B) matches (II).
Step 4: Match (C) Goa.
Goa joined India in 1961 as a Union Territory and got full statehood in 1987. So (C) matches (IV).
Step 5: Match (D) Nagaland.
Nagaland became a state in 1963. So (D) matches (I).
Step 6: Compare with the options.
The pairs are A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I. Option (1) has A-I, wrong. Option (2) has A-I, wrong. Option (4) has B-IV and C-II, wrong. Option (3) is fully correct.
Final Answer:
The correct matching is A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I. This is option (3). \[ \boxed{\text{Option 3}} \]
The regional aspiration of Jammu and Kashmir after independence is related to-
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:The question asks which statement correctly describes the roots of regional aspiration in Jammu and Kashmir after 1947.
Step 2: Key Fact:
In 1947 Maharaja Hari Singh did not want to join India or Pakistan. He hoped to keep Kashmir independent. He signed the Instrument of Accession with India only after tribal raiders from Pakistan entered the state.
Step 3: Check option (1).
This is true. The Maharaja wanted an independent status for the state. So option (1) is correct.
Step 4: Check option (2).
Sheikh Abdullah and the National Conference opposed the two nation theory and supported accession to India with autonomy. They did not want to merge with Pakistan. So option (2) is wrong.
Step 5: Check option (3).
The people of Kashmir had a strong sense of Kashmiri identity called Kashmiriyat. It is wrong to say they all saw themselves as Pakistani above all. So option (3) is wrong.
Step 6: Check option (4).
Hurriyat is a group of separatist organisations. It is not the name of the issue of regional aspiration. So option (4) is wrong.
Final Answer:
Only the statement about Maharaja Hari Singh is correct. This is option (1). \[ \boxed{\text{Option 1}} \]
What was the consensus built on the question of development in the first decade of independence?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:After 1947 India had to choose a path of development. The question asks what most leaders agreed on in the first ten years.
Step 2: Key Fact:
There was a broad agreement that the state must play a leading role. The government would prepare a plan and guide the economy. This led to the Planning Commission in 1950 and the First Five Year Plan in 1951.
Step 3: Check option (1).
Private actors did have a role, but the consensus was not that development could be left to them. So option (1) is wrong.
Step 4: Check option (2).
Leaders did not want market forces to decide the direction. They wanted planning. So option (2) is wrong.
Step 5: Check option (3).
Leaders rejected the colonial path because colonial rule had kept the country poor. So option (3) is wrong.
Step 6: Check option (4).
This matches the consensus on planning. So option (4) is TRUE.
Final Answer:
The consensus was that the government should develop a design or plan for development. This is option (4). \[ \boxed{\text{Option 4}} \]
India signed and ratified the 1997 Kyoto Protocol in August 2002. India, China and other developing countries were exempt from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol because their contribution to the emission of greenhouse gases during the industrialisation period (that is believed to be causing today's global warming and climate change) was not significant. However, the critics of the Kyoto Protocol point out that sooner or later, both India and China, along with other developing countries, will be among the leading contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. At the G-8 meeting in June 2005, India pointed out that the per capita emission rates of the developing countries are a tiny fraction of those in the developed world. Following the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, India is of the view that the major responsibility of curbing emission rests with the developed countries, which have accumulated emissions over a long period of time.
India's international negotiating position relies heavily on principles of historical responsibility, as enshrined in UNFCCC. This acknowledges that developed countries are responsible for most historical and current greenhouse gas emissions, and emphasizes that 'economic and social development are the first and overriding priorities of the developing country parties'. So India is wary of recent discussions within UNFCCC about introducing binding commitments on rapidly industrialising countries (such as Brazil, China and India) to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. India feels this contravenes the very spirit of UNFCCC.
The Indian government is already participating in global efforts through a number of programmes. For example, India's National Auto-fuel Policy mandates cleaner fuels for vehicles. The Energy Conservation Act, passed in 2001, outlines initiatives to improve energy efficiency. Similarly, the Electricity Act of 2003 encourages the use of renewable energy. Recent trends in importing natural gas and encouraging the adoption of clean coal technologies show that India has been making real efforts. The government is also keen to launch a National Mission on Biodiesel, using about 11 million hectares of land to produce biodiesel by 2011-2012. India ratified the Paris Climate Agreement on 2 October 2016.
Why were India, China and other developing countries exempted from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.The question asks for the reason why India, China and other developing countries were exempt from Kyoto Protocol duties. The answer is stated directly in the first paragraph of the passage.
Step 2: Find the reason in the passage.
The passage says these countries were exempt "because their contribution to the emission of greenhouse gases during the industrialisation period ... was not significant." So the reason is a small past contribution to emissions.
Step 3: Check option 1.
India does take part in global efforts through programmes, as the third paragraph says. But this is a later fact about present action. It is not the reason given for the Kyoto exemption. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 4: Check option 2.
India ratified the Paris Climate Agreement on 2 October 2016. The Kyoto exemption came from the 1997 protocol, which India ratified in 2002. A later agreement cannot be the cause of an earlier exemption. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3.
This matches the passage almost word for word. Developing countries added little to emissions in the industrialisation period, so they were exempt. So option 3 is correct.
Step 6: Check option 4.
The passage never says developing countries have large technological and financial resources. In fact India's stand is that development is the first priority of developing countries. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
The exemption was given because their contribution to greenhouse gas emissions in the industrialisation period was not significant. This is option 3.
\[ \boxed{3} \]
India signed and ratified the 1997 Kyoto Protocol in August 2002. India, China and other developing countries were exempt from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol because their contribution to the emission of greenhouse gases during the industrialisation period (that is believed to be causing today's global warming and climate change) was not significant. However, the critics of the Kyoto Protocol point out that sooner or later, both India and China, along with other developing countries, will be among the leading contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. At the G-8 meeting in June 2005, India pointed out that the per capita emission rates of the developing countries are a tiny fraction of those in the developed world. Following the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, India is of the view that the major responsibility of curbing emission rests with the developed countries, which have accumulated emissions over a long period of time.
India's international negotiating position relies heavily on principles of historical responsibility, as enshrined in UNFCCC. This acknowledges that developed countries are responsible for most historical and current greenhouse gas emissions, and emphasizes that 'economic and social development are the first and overriding priorities of the developing country parties'. So India is wary of recent discussions within UNFCCC about introducing binding commitments on rapidly industrialising countries (such as Brazil, China and India) to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. India feels this contravenes the very spirit of UNFCCC.
The Indian government is already participating in global efforts through a number of programmes. For example, India's National Auto-fuel Policy mandates cleaner fuels for vehicles. The Energy Conservation Act, passed in 2001, outlines initiatives to improve energy efficiency. Similarly, the Electricity Act of 2003 encourages the use of renewable energy. Recent trends in importing natural gas and encouraging the adoption of clean coal technologies show that India has been making real efforts. The government is also keen to launch a National Mission on Biodiesel, using about 11 million hectares of land to produce biodiesel by 2011-2012. India ratified the Paris Climate Agreement on 2 October 2016.
The Electricity Act 2003 encourages the use of-
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.We need to say what the Electricity Act 2003 encourages. The passage has a line on this in the third paragraph.
Step 2: Find the line.
The passage says: "Similarly, the Electricity Act of 2003 encourages the use of renewable energy." This gives the answer directly.
Step 3: Check option 1.
Renewable energy is exactly what the passage names. So option 1 is correct.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Non-renewable energy is the opposite of what the Act aims at. The Act is part of India's cleaner energy efforts, so option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3.
Concessions to consumers is not mentioned anywhere in the passage in connection with this Act. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Consumer rights are also not mentioned in the passage for this Act. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
The Electricity Act 2003 encourages the use of renewable energy, which is option 1.
\[ \boxed{1} \]
India signed and ratified the 1997 Kyoto Protocol in August 2002. India, China and other developing countries were exempt from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol because their contribution to the emission of greenhouse gases during the industrialisation period (that is believed to be causing today's global warming and climate change) was not significant. However, the critics of the Kyoto Protocol point out that sooner or later, both India and China, along with other developing countries, will be among the leading contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. At the G-8 meeting in June 2005, India pointed out that the per capita emission rates of the developing countries are a tiny fraction of those in the developed world. Following the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, India is of the view that the major responsibility of curbing emission rests with the developed countries, which have accumulated emissions over a long period of time.
India's international negotiating position relies heavily on principles of historical responsibility, as enshrined in UNFCCC. This acknowledges that developed countries are responsible for most historical and current greenhouse gas emissions, and emphasizes that 'economic and social development are the first and overriding priorities of the developing country parties'. So India is wary of recent discussions within UNFCCC about introducing binding commitments on rapidly industrialising countries (such as Brazil, China and India) to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. India feels this contravenes the very spirit of UNFCCC.
The Indian government is already participating in global efforts through a number of programmes. For example, India's National Auto-fuel Policy mandates cleaner fuels for vehicles. The Energy Conservation Act, passed in 2001, outlines initiatives to improve energy efficiency. Similarly, the Electricity Act of 2003 encourages the use of renewable energy. Recent trends in importing natural gas and encouraging the adoption of clean coal technologies show that India has been making real efforts. The government is also keen to launch a National Mission on Biodiesel, using about 11 million hectares of land to produce biodiesel by 2011-2012. India ratified the Paris Climate Agreement on 2 October 2016.
What according to India contravenes the very spirit of UNFCCC?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.The question asks what India feels goes against the spirit of UNFCCC. The sentence is in the second paragraph.
Step 2: Find the sentence.
The passage says India is wary of discussions about "introducing binding commitments on rapidly industrialising countries (such as Brazil, China and India) to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. India feels this contravenes the very spirit of UNFCCC."
Step 3: Check option 1.
A Global Solar Energy Convention is never mentioned in the passage. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 4: Check option 2.
This repeats the passage sentence. India feels binding cuts on rapidly industrialising countries go against UNFCCC's spirit. So option 2 is correct.
Step 5: Check option 3.
India wants developed countries to carry the main duty, so binding duties on them are not what India objects to. Clean coal is also not linked to this objection. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Nuclear technology is not mentioned in the passage. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
India feels that binding emission cuts on rapidly industrialising countries contravene the spirit of UNFCCC. This is option 2.
\[ \boxed{2} \]
India signed and ratified the 1997 Kyoto Protocol in August 2002. India, China and other developing countries were exempt from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol because their contribution to the emission of greenhouse gases during the industrialisation period (that is believed to be causing today's global warming and climate change) was not significant. However, the critics of the Kyoto Protocol point out that sooner or later, both India and China, along with other developing countries, will be among the leading contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. At the G-8 meeting in June 2005, India pointed out that the per capita emission rates of the developing countries are a tiny fraction of those in the developed world. Following the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, India is of the view that the major responsibility of curbing emission rests with the developed countries, which have accumulated emissions over a long period of time.
India's international negotiating position relies heavily on principles of historical responsibility, as enshrined in UNFCCC. This acknowledges that developed countries are responsible for most historical and current greenhouse gas emissions, and emphasizes that 'economic and social development are the first and overriding priorities of the developing country parties'. So India is wary of recent discussions within UNFCCC about introducing binding commitments on rapidly industrialising countries (such as Brazil, China and India) to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. India feels this contravenes the very spirit of UNFCCC.
The Indian government is already participating in global efforts through a number of programmes. For example, India's National Auto-fuel Policy mandates cleaner fuels for vehicles. The Energy Conservation Act, passed in 2001, outlines initiatives to improve energy efficiency. Similarly, the Electricity Act of 2003 encourages the use of renewable energy. Recent trends in importing natural gas and encouraging the adoption of clean coal technologies show that India has been making real efforts. The government is also keen to launch a National Mission on Biodiesel, using about 11 million hectares of land to produce biodiesel by 2011-2012. India ratified the Paris Climate Agreement on 2 October 2016.
Which one of the following statements is not correct regarding India's participation in global environmental efforts?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.This is a NOT correct type question. Three options agree with the passage and one does not. We must find the one that disagrees.
Step 2: Recall the third paragraph.
The passage lists the Auto-fuel Policy for cleaner vehicle fuel, the Energy Conservation Act of 2001 for energy efficiency, the Electricity Act of 2003 for renewable energy, and a planned National Mission on Biodiesel.
Step 3: Check option 1.
The passage says the Energy Conservation Act outlines initiatives to improve energy efficiency. So the statement is correct, and option 1 is not the answer.
Step 4: Check option 2.
The passage says the Electricity Act encourages renewable energy. So the statement is correct, and option 2 is not the answer.
Step 5: Check option 3.
The passage says the National Auto-fuel Policy mandates cleaner fuels for vehicles. So the statement is correct, and option 3 is not the answer.
Step 6: Check option 4.
The passage says the Mission aims to use about 11 million hectares of land to produce biodiesel by 2011-2012. It speaks of production, not imports, and the year is 2011-2012, not 2030. So this statement is wrong.
Final Answer:
The incorrect statement is option 4.
\[ \boxed{4} \]
India signed and ratified the 1997 Kyoto Protocol in August 2002. India, China and other developing countries were exempt from the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol because their contribution to the emission of greenhouse gases during the industrialisation period (that is believed to be causing today's global warming and climate change) was not significant. However, the critics of the Kyoto Protocol point out that sooner or later, both India and China, along with other developing countries, will be among the leading contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. At the G-8 meeting in June 2005, India pointed out that the per capita emission rates of the developing countries are a tiny fraction of those in the developed world. Following the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, India is of the view that the major responsibility of curbing emission rests with the developed countries, which have accumulated emissions over a long period of time.
India's international negotiating position relies heavily on principles of historical responsibility, as enshrined in UNFCCC. This acknowledges that developed countries are responsible for most historical and current greenhouse gas emissions, and emphasizes that 'economic and social development are the first and overriding priorities of the developing country parties'. So India is wary of recent discussions within UNFCCC about introducing binding commitments on rapidly industrialising countries (such as Brazil, China and India) to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. India feels this contravenes the very spirit of UNFCCC.
The Indian government is already participating in global efforts through a number of programmes. For example, India's National Auto-fuel Policy mandates cleaner fuels for vehicles. The Energy Conservation Act, passed in 2001, outlines initiatives to improve energy efficiency. Similarly, the Electricity Act of 2003 encourages the use of renewable energy. Recent trends in importing natural gas and encouraging the adoption of clean coal technologies show that India has been making real efforts. The government is also keen to launch a National Mission on Biodiesel, using about 11 million hectares of land to produce biodiesel by 2011-2012. India ratified the Paris Climate Agreement on 2 October 2016.
When did India ratify the Paris Climate Agreement ?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.The question asks for the year in which India ratified the Paris Climate Agreement. The passage gives the date at its very end.
Step 2: Find the date.
The last sentence of the passage reads: "India ratified the Paris Climate Agreement on 2 October 2016."
Step 3: Check option 1.
2016 is the year given in the passage. So option 1 is correct.
Step 4: Check option 2.
2017 is not the ratification year. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3.
2018 is not the ratification year. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4.
2019 is not the ratification year. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
India ratified the Paris Climate Agreement in 2016, which is option 1.
\[ \boxed{1} \]
The nineties also saw the emergence of powerful parties and movements that represented the Dalit and backward castes (Other Backward Classes or OBCs). Many of these parties represented powerful regional assertion as well. These parties played an important role in the United Front government that came to power in 1996. The United Front was similar to the National Front of 1989 for it included Janata Dal and several regional parties. This time the BJP did not support the government. The United Front government was supported by the Congress. This shows how unstable the political equations were. In 1989, both the Left and the BJP supported the National Front Government because they wanted to keep the Congress out of power.
In 1996, the Left continued to support the non-Congress government but this time the Congress, supported it, as both the Congress and the Left wanted to keep the BJP out of power. They did not succeed for long, as the BJP continued to consolidate its position in the elections of 1991 and 1996. It emerged as the largest party in the 1996 election and was invited to form the government. But most other parties were opposed to its policies and therefore, the BJP government could not secure a majority in the Lok Sabha. It finally came to power by leading a coalition government from May 1998 to June 1999 and was re-elected in October 1999. Atal Behari Vajpayee was the Prime Minister during both these NDA governments and his government formed in 1999 completed its full term.
Since then, there have been eleven governments at the Centre, all of which have either been coalition governments or minority governments supported by other parties, which did not join the government. In this new phase, any government could be formed only with the participation or support of many regional parties. This applied to the National Front in 1989, the United Front in 1996 and 1997, the BJP-led coalition in 1998, the NDA in 1999, the UPA in 2004 and 2009. However, this trend changed in 2014.
What is correct about the United Front that came to power in 1996?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.We must pick the one true statement about the United Front of 1996. Every option can be tested against the passage.
Step 2: Collect the facts.
The passage says the United Front was similar to the National Front of 1989, included Janata Dal and several regional parties, and was not supported by the BJP. It was backed by the Congress, and the Left also supported it, because both wanted to keep the BJP out.
Step 3: Check option 1.
The passage says it was similar to the National Front. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 4: Check option 2.
The passage says "This time the BJP did not support the government." So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3.
In 1996 the Left continued its support and the Congress also supported the government, as both wanted to keep the BJP out of power. This is the closest match to the statement. So option 3 is correct.
Step 6: Check option 4.
The United Front included Janata Dal and several regional parties. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
The correct statement is that the Left and the Congress both backed the government to keep the BJP out. This is option 3.
\[ \boxed{3} \]
The nineties also saw the emergence of powerful parties and movements that represented the Dalit and backward castes (Other Backward Classes or OBCs). Many of these parties represented powerful regional assertion as well. These parties played an important role in the United Front government that came to power in 1996. The United Front was similar to the National Front of 1989 for it included Janata Dal and several regional parties. This time the BJP did not support the government. The United Front government was supported by the Congress. This shows how unstable the political equations were. In 1989, both the Left and the BJP supported the National Front Government because they wanted to keep the Congress out of power.
In 1996, the Left continued to support the non-Congress government but this time the Congress, supported it, as both the Congress and the Left wanted to keep the BJP out of power. They did not succeed for long, as the BJP continued to consolidate its position in the elections of 1991 and 1996. It emerged as the largest party in the 1996 election and was invited to form the government. But most other parties were opposed to its policies and therefore, the BJP government could not secure a majority in the Lok Sabha. It finally came to power by leading a coalition government from May 1998 to June 1999 and was re-elected in October 1999. Atal Behari Vajpayee was the Prime Minister during both these NDA governments and his government formed in 1999 completed its full term.
Since then, there have been eleven governments at the Centre, all of which have either been coalition governments or minority governments supported by other parties, which did not join the government. In this new phase, any government could be formed only with the participation or support of many regional parties. This applied to the National Front in 1989, the United Front in 1996 and 1997, the BJP-led coalition in 1998, the NDA in 1999, the UPA in 2004 and 2009. However, this trend changed in 2014.
The United Front was similar to the National Front of 1989 in which way?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.We need the way in which the two fronts were alike. The passage states it in one sentence.
Step 2: Find the sentence.
The passage says: "The United Front was similar to the National Front of 1989 for it included Janata Dal and several regional parties."
Step 3: Check option 1.
Criminalisation of politics is not discussed in the passage. So option 1 is wrong.
Step 4: Check option 2.
Both fronts were non-Congress governments, so they did not show the dominance of the Congress system. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3.
This repeats the passage line. So option 3 is correct.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Both fronts included regional parties, so there was an alliance with them. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
Both fronts included Janata Dal and several regional parties. This is option 3.
\[ \boxed{3} \]
The nineties also saw the emergence of powerful parties and movements that represented the Dalit and backward castes (Other Backward Classes or OBCs). Many of these parties represented powerful regional assertion as well. These parties played an important role in the United Front government that came to power in 1996. The United Front was similar to the National Front of 1989 for it included Janata Dal and several regional parties. This time the BJP did not support the government. The United Front government was supported by the Congress. This shows how unstable the political equations were. In 1989, both the Left and the BJP supported the National Front Government because they wanted to keep the Congress out of power.
In 1996, the Left continued to support the non-Congress government but this time the Congress, supported it, as both the Congress and the Left wanted to keep the BJP out of power. They did not succeed for long, as the BJP continued to consolidate its position in the elections of 1991 and 1996. It emerged as the largest party in the 1996 election and was invited to form the government. But most other parties were opposed to its policies and therefore, the BJP government could not secure a majority in the Lok Sabha. It finally came to power by leading a coalition government from May 1998 to June 1999 and was re-elected in October 1999. Atal Behari Vajpayee was the Prime Minister during both these NDA governments and his government formed in 1999 completed its full term.
Since then, there have been eleven governments at the Centre, all of which have either been coalition governments or minority governments supported by other parties, which did not join the government. In this new phase, any government could be formed only with the participation or support of many regional parties. This applied to the National Front in 1989, the United Front in 1996 and 1997, the BJP-led coalition in 1998, the NDA in 1999, the UPA in 2004 and 2009. However, this trend changed in 2014.
Which one of the following statements is not correct about the 1996 elections?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.This is a NOT correct question. Three statements are true as per the passage, and we need the false one.
Step 2: Recall the facts of 1996.
The BJP emerged as the largest party and was invited to form the government. But most other parties opposed its policies, so it could not get a majority in the Lok Sabha.
Step 3: Check option 1.
The passage says the BJP emerged as the largest party in the 1996 election. So the statement is correct.
Step 4: Check option 2.
The passage says the BJP government could not secure a majority in the Lok Sabha. So the statement is correct.
Step 5: Check option 3.
The passage says most other parties were opposed to the BJP's policies. This statement says they were supporting them, which is the opposite. So it is not correct.
Step 6: Check option 4.
The passage says Vajpayee's government formed in 1999 completed its full term. So the statement is correct.
Final Answer:
The statement that is not correct is option 3.
\[ \boxed{3} \]
The nineties also saw the emergence of powerful parties and movements that represented the Dalit and backward castes (Other Backward Classes or OBCs). Many of these parties represented powerful regional assertion as well. These parties played an important role in the United Front government that came to power in 1996. The United Front was similar to the National Front of 1989 for it included Janata Dal and several regional parties. This time the BJP did not support the government. The United Front government was supported by the Congress. This shows how unstable the political equations were. In 1989, both the Left and the BJP supported the National Front Government because they wanted to keep the Congress out of power.
In 1996, the Left continued to support the non-Congress government but this time the Congress, supported it, as both the Congress and the Left wanted to keep the BJP out of power. They did not succeed for long, as the BJP continued to consolidate its position in the elections of 1991 and 1996. It emerged as the largest party in the 1996 election and was invited to form the government. But most other parties were opposed to its policies and therefore, the BJP government could not secure a majority in the Lok Sabha. It finally came to power by leading a coalition government from May 1998 to June 1999 and was re-elected in October 1999. Atal Behari Vajpayee was the Prime Minister during both these NDA governments and his government formed in 1999 completed its full term.
Since then, there have been eleven governments at the Centre, all of which have either been coalition governments or minority governments supported by other parties, which did not join the government. In this new phase, any government could be formed only with the participation or support of many regional parties. This applied to the National Front in 1989, the United Front in 1996 and 1997, the BJP-led coalition in 1998, the NDA in 1999, the UPA in 2004 and 2009. However, this trend changed in 2014.
The BJP continued to consolidate its position in which elections?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.The question asks for the elections in which the BJP kept strengthening its position. The answer is in the second paragraph.
Step 2: Find the line.
The passage says: "the BJP continued to consolidate its position in the elections of 1991 and 1996."
Step 3: Check option 1.
1991 and 1996 match the passage. So option 1 is correct.
Step 4: Check option 2.
1984 and 1989 are not the years named in the passage for this point. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3.
1989 and 1990 are not the years named. 1989 is only mentioned for the National Front support. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4.
1989 and 1994 are not the years named. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
The BJP consolidated its position in the elections of 1991 and 1996, which is option 1.
\[ \boxed{1} \]
The nineties also saw the emergence of powerful parties and movements that represented the Dalit and backward castes (Other Backward Classes or OBCs). Many of these parties represented powerful regional assertion as well. These parties played an important role in the United Front government that came to power in 1996. The United Front was similar to the National Front of 1989 for it included Janata Dal and several regional parties. This time the BJP did not support the government. The United Front government was supported by the Congress. This shows how unstable the political equations were. In 1989, both the Left and the BJP supported the National Front Government because they wanted to keep the Congress out of power.
In 1996, the Left continued to support the non-Congress government but this time the Congress, supported it, as both the Congress and the Left wanted to keep the BJP out of power. They did not succeed for long, as the BJP continued to consolidate its position in the elections of 1991 and 1996. It emerged as the largest party in the 1996 election and was invited to form the government. But most other parties were opposed to its policies and therefore, the BJP government could not secure a majority in the Lok Sabha. It finally came to power by leading a coalition government from May 1998 to June 1999 and was re-elected in October 1999. Atal Behari Vajpayee was the Prime Minister during both these NDA governments and his government formed in 1999 completed its full term.
Since then, there have been eleven governments at the Centre, all of which have either been coalition governments or minority governments supported by other parties, which did not join the government. In this new phase, any government could be formed only with the participation or support of many regional parties. This applied to the National Front in 1989, the United Front in 1996 and 1997, the BJP-led coalition in 1998, the NDA in 1999, the UPA in 2004 and 2009. However, this trend changed in 2014.
Who was the Prime Minister during the United Front Government from April 1997-March 1998?
View Solution
Step 1: Understanding the Question.We need the Prime Minister of India in the United Front government between April 1997 and March 1998. This needs outside knowledge, since the passage does not name him.
Step 2: Recall the history.
The United Front came to power in 1996 with H.D. Deve Gowda as Prime Minister. In April 1997 he was replaced by I. K. Gujral, who stayed until March 1998.
Step 3: Check option 1.
I. K. Gujral was the Prime Minister from April 1997 to March 1998. So option 1 is correct.
Step 4: Check option 2.
H.D. Deve Gowda led the United Front from June 1996 to April 1997, before Gujral. So option 2 is wrong.
Step 5: Check option 3.
V. P. Singh headed the National Front government in 1989-90. So option 3 is wrong.
Step 6: Check option 4.
Chandra Shekhar was Prime Minister in 1990-91. So option 4 is wrong.
Final Answer:
The Prime Minister was I. K. Gujral, which is option 1.
\[ \boxed{1} \]
CUET UG 2026 Exam Pattern
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Exam Name | Common University Entrance Test (CUET UG) 2026 |
| Conducting Body | National Testing Agency (NTA) |
| Exam Mode | Computer-Based Test (CBT) |
| Exam Duration | 60 minutes per test |
| Total Sections | 3 (Languages, Domain Subjects, General Test) |
| Question Type | Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) |
| Questions per Test | 50 questions (all compulsory) |
| Marking Scheme | +5 for correct, -1 for incorrect |
| Maximum Marks | 250 marks per test |
| Maximum Subject Choices | 5 subjects in total |
| Syllabus Base | Class 12 NCERT (mainly for Domain Subjects) |
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